Circuito de Avance Rápido y Trabajo Lento con Válvula Deceleradora - 2

Overview of Circuit Components and Functionality

Introduction to Circuit Design

• The previous video discussed the components and layout for a fast advance and slow work circuit, featuring a main directional valve connected to a differential cylinder.

• A lever mechanism is attached to the cylinder's rod for operating the throttle valve, which consists of a two-way, two-position mechanically actuated directional valve with spring return.

Key Components

• The throttle valve connects to the right chamber of the cylinder and operates in parallel with a pressure-compensated flow control valve.

Analyzing Circuit Operation

Initial Conditions

• When the main directional valve is centered (open center), oil from the tank is pressurized but does not move into the cylinder due to lower pressure than safety valve settings.

Flow Dynamics

• Oil takes the path of least resistance; thus, it flows back to the tank instead of moving towards the cylinder when no movement occurs.

Energizing Main Directional Valve

Actuator Movement Initiation

• Energizing solenoid A shifts the main directional valve right, allowing pressurized oil to enter port P and flow into chamber left of the cylinder, causing actuator extension.

Fluid Pathways

• As fluid enters one chamber, it displaces fluid from another chamber back through designated pathways.

Throttle Valve Interaction

Resistance Considerations

• Fluid will always choose paths with less resistance; hence it moves towards throttle valves rather than flow regulators unless obstructed.

Flow Control Mechanism

• If solenoid A energizes without activating throttle A yet, rapid actuator advancement occurs as fluid escapes through open pathways.

Transitioning Throttle Valve States

Mechanical Activation

• The throttle valve transitions from fully open to closed as contact between lever surfaces occurs during actuator extension.

Regulating Flow During Extension

Impact on Oil Volume Escape

• Once closed, oil cannot escape through throttle A or anti-return valves; thus, it must pass through flow regulator for controlled discharge.

Summary of Fast Advance Phase

Characteristics of Fast Advancement

• Fast advancement happens when throttle A remains fully open during specific rod movements.

Understanding Flow Regulation Types

Regulation Methods

• Three methods exist for regulating flow: entry regulation, exit regulation, and bleeding. This system utilizes exit regulation leading to safety valve activation due to restricted inflow into cylinders.

Slow Work Phase Analysis

Effects on Actuator Speed

• When throttle A engages while maintaining contact with lever surfaces during full extension leads to slower actuator speeds via regulated flow control mechanisms.

Returning Cylinder Mechanics

Solenoid B Activation

• Energizing solenoid B initiates return by connecting ports P with B and T with A while ensuring safety measures remain intact until pressures equalize.

Anti-return Valve Functionality

Return Pathway Dynamics

• With extended cylinders contacting levers closing off throttles allows fluid passage only through anti-return valves facilitating smooth return operations.