1 El proceso de integración europea. 70 años de una historia de éxito

Foundations of the European Union

Historical Inspirations for a United Europe

• The concept of a united Europe dates back to the Middle Ages, notably with Charlemagne's efforts to unify Europe under his empire.

• The Duke of Sully proposed a "Grand Project" in 1638, envisioning a reorganization of Europe into 15 states governed by a single council.

• Victor Hugo's 1849 speech envisioned a future where Europe would unite similarly to the United States, promoting fraternity among nations.

Post-War Context and Founding Figures

• After World War II, intellectuals known as the founding fathers emerged, including Jean Monnet and Robert Schuman, who were pivotal in shaping the EU.

• The Schuman Declaration on May 9 is considered the embryo of the EU and led to the establishment of the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC).

Objectives Behind European Integration

Promoting Peace

• The ECSC aimed to control coal and steel production—key materials for armament—to prevent future wars between member states.

• By creating interdependence in essential resources, it was believed that countries would be less likely to engage in armed conflict.

Economic Reconstruction

• The integration sought economic recovery post-war by establishing an efficient market free from trade barriers among member states.

• A strong economy was seen as vital for prosperity and improving citizens' quality of life through common policies.

Idealism and Unity

• Beyond economic interests, there was a desire for reconciliation among states based on shared values and mutual trust.