🥇 GANGLIOS LINFÁTICOS DEL CUELLO, (Drenaje Linfático), Fácil, Rápido y Sencillo

Lymphatic Drainage of the Neck

Overview of Lymphatic Nodes

• The speaker introduces the topic of lymphatic drainage in the neck, highlighting two main groups: superficial cervical nodes and deep cervical nodes.

• Superficial cervical nodes are categorized into three groups: pericervical collar, external jugular vein group, and anterior jugular vein group.

Superficial Cervical Nodes

• The pericervical collar consists of six major node groups: occipital, retroauricular, parotid, submandibular, buccal, and submental nodes.

• These superficial nodes drain lymph from structures in the neck and skull before passing it to deeper cervical nodes.

Specific Node Functions

• Occipital nodes drain the scalp and superficial neck structures; retroauricular (or mastoid) nodes also drain the ear.

• Parotid nodes assist in draining facial structures including cheeks and eyelids; submandibular nodes drain similar areas along with parts of the tongue.

• Buccal (facial) nodes focus on draining oral structures like lips; submental nodes primarily help drain the tongue and lower lip.

Deep Cervical Nodes

• The deep cervical ganglia consist of four main groups with internal jugular group being most significant.

• Key internal jugular ganglia include digastric jugular node (important for metastasis tracking in tumors) and omohyoid jugular node.

Deep Cervical Nodes and Lymphatic Drainage

Overview of Deep Cervical Nodes

• The deep cervical nodes receive drainage from the superficial cervical nodes, interconnected by lymphatic vessels.

• A spinal group of deep cervical nodes runs along the eleventh cranial nerve (spinal accessory nerve), contributing to the overall network.

Paratracheal and Pretracheal Nodes

• The paratracheal nodes are located around the trachea in the neck, while pretracheal and prelaryngeal nodes are situated anteriorly to the thyroid cartilage.

Retropharyngeal Ganglia

• In a posterior view of the pharynx, deep retropharyngeal cervical ganglia can be observed alongside internal jugular structures.

• This view highlights constrictor muscles of the pharynx, emphasizing their anatomical significance.

Thoracic Duct Functionality

• After draining into deep cervical nodes, lymph is directed towards significant structures like the thoracic duct, primarily located on the left side of the neck.

• The thoracic duct ascends from the abdomen through a triad formed by key vascular structures: carotid artery, vagus nerve, and internal jugular vein.

Lymphatic Drainage Patterns

• Most lymph collected from various body regions drains into the thoracic duct before emptying at the left subclavian jugular angle.

• On the right side, a separate right lymphatic duct exists; it drains specific areas including half of the neck and upper limb differently than its left counterpart.

Importance of Lymphatic Duct Areas

• The shaded area in dark green represents regions drained by the thoracic duct; only a blue-shaded area is drained by the right lymphatic duct.