Nervios del brazo

Nerve Anatomy and Innervation of the Arm

Overview of Nerves Surrounding the Axillary Artery

• The discussion begins with an examination of four nerves surrounding the axillary artery as it exits beneath the pectoralis minor muscle: musculocutaneous, median, ulnar, and radial.

• The musculocutaneous nerve innervates three muscles in the arm, including the coracobrachialis, which flexes the shoulder. It emerges deep to the biceps brachii.

Pathway and Function of Median and Ulnar Nerves

• The median and ulnar nerves travel inferiorly down the forearm; they start closely together but separate at the elbow.

• The median nerve remains near the brachial artery, crossing in front at the elbow while being medial to it. It continues between biceps tendon and pronator teres.

Radial Nerve Course and Innervation

• The radial nerve has a long oblique course around structures in the arm; it is positioned posteriorly to other vessels and nerves below latissimus dorsi.

• As it travels between long and medial heads of triceps brachii, it maintains proximity to bone before moving under lateral head.

Branching of Radial Nerve

• At lateral epicondyle, radial nerve divides into a deep motor branch and a superficial sensory branch. This division is crucial for understanding its functional roles.