Mekanisme Fagositosis

Neutrophils and Their Role in Immune Response

Overview of Neutrophils

• Neutrophils are a type of white blood cell essential for maintaining the immune system.

• They are produced in the bone marrow and distributed throughout the body via the bloodstream.

Mechanism of Action

• Neutrophils detect chemical signals from cells damaged by microbes, prompting them to migrate towards these affected areas.

• They exit blood vessels by penetrating capillary walls to reach infected tissues.

Phagocytosis Process

• Once at the site, neutrophils perform phagocytosis by engulfing microbes or foreign particles.

• The engulfed material is enclosed within a structure called a phagosome, which then fuses with lysosomes containing digestive enzymes.

Digestion and Waste Removal

• The lysosomal enzymes break down the microorganisms, while undigested waste products are expelled from the neutrophil.

• A single neutrophil can phagocytize between 5 to 20 microbes during its activity.

Role of Monocytes

• While neutrophils combat foreign entities, monocytes follow to assist in healing; they originate from red bone marrow and enter circulation as immature cells.

• After approximately 12 hours in circulation, monocytes enlarge and produce numerous lysosomes upon entering tissue.