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Úvea. Anatomía, Histología y Funciones.
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Úvea. Anatomía, Histología y Funciones.

Anatomy and Functions of the Uvea

Overview of the Uvea

  • The uvea is the middle layer of the eye, divided into three parts: iris, ciliary body, and choroid.
  • It can also be categorized based on pathology into anterior, intermediate, and posterior uveitis.

Components of the Uvea

Anterior Uvea

  • Comprises the iris and pars plicata of the ciliary body; associated with conditions like anterior uveitis.

Intermediate Uvea

  • Consists of the flat part of the ciliary body; related to intermediate uveitis or pars planitis.

Posterior Uvea

  • Formed by the choroid; linked to posterior uveitis or choroiditis.

Anatomy of the Iris

  • The iris is a disc-shaped structure with a central hole (pupil) that regulates light entry into the eye. It connects to the ciliary body at its back.
  • Histologically, it has several layers including:
  • Posterior Layer: Pigmented epithelial layer responsible for eye color.
  • Stroma: Loose connective tissue containing intrinsic ocular muscles for pupil motility.

Muscles Involved in Pupil Control

  • The pupil constrictor muscle (circular structure) is innervated by parasympathetic nerves causing miosis (constriction).
  • The dilator pupillae muscle consists of radially arranged fibers innervated by sympathetic nerves leading to mydriasis (dilation).

Ciliary Body Structure and Function

Pars Plicata

  • Contains ciliary processes that project into the posterior chamber and are crucial for aqueous humor secretion.

Muscle Ciliaris

  • A circular muscle responsible for lens accommodation by changing its shape/curvature; connected to lens via zonules (Zinn's ligaments).

Intermediate Uvea Details

  • The flat part continues from pars plicata within vitreous chamber contributing to vitreous humor production before merging with choroid and retina at a festooned junction known as ora serrata.

Choroidal Functionality

Video description

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