EL 1°TRIUNVIRATO

Introduction to the New Government

Overview of Previous Video

• The discussion begins by referencing the previous video about the "junta grande," which had two main factions: the "sociedad patriótica" and "los sabe de listas."

• It recalls the events of April 5 and 6, 1811, where militias led by Poncho Chiripa expelled members of the sociedad patriótica from the junta grande.

Proposal for a Triumvirate

• The sociedad patriótica proposes to replace the junta grande with a triumvirate, a government consisting of three leaders. This is likened to a tribunal system that prevents ties in decision-making.

• The true motivation behind this proposal is revealed as an attempt by the sociedad patriótica to regain power lost during previous conflicts. They cannot openly state their desire for power, hence they present it as a need for more efficient governance.

Justification for Change

Excuses vs. True Intentions

• The society claims that having fewer members will facilitate quicker decision-making, using this as an excuse while hiding their real intention to return to power.

• A visual representation illustrates how they propose reducing membership from many to just 33 members in order to streamline governance processes.

Efficiency Argument

• While there is some truth in their argument regarding efficiency—three people can make decisions faster than a large group—the underlying motive remains undisclosed: regaining control over governance structures.

Formation of the First Triumvirate

Key Figures Introduced

• The first triumvirate consists of Juan José Paso, Manuel de Sarratea, and Feliciano Chiclana from the sociedad patriótica; Bernardino Rivadavia serves as secretary but wields significant influence over decisions made by others in this structure.

• Rivadavia's role is crucial as he effectively controls the triumvirate's actions like puppeteering other members, indicating his dominance within this new government setup.

Historical Context and Power Dynamics

Emergence of Power Division

• This period marks a significant moment in Argentine history with an emerging division between executive and legislative powers; previously unrecognized until now within their political framework.

Junta Conservadora and the Power Struggle

Formation of the Junta Conservadora

• The term "junta conservadora" is introduced, indicating a shift in governance. It reflects a historical naming convention where large assemblies were referred to as "juntas grandes."

• This new government structure marks the first instance of a division of power, with executive authority resting in a triumvirate that implements decisions while legislative power remains influential.

Power Dynamics and Rivalries

• Rivadavia, a key figure in the triumvirate, expresses concern over two significant power factors that could threaten their control: the legislative body and military leadership.

• These power factors are described as institutions capable of destabilizing or supporting the government based on their approval of actions taken by Rivadavia's administration.

Legislative Actions and Reactions

• The first law enacted by the junta conservadora limits the duration of the triumvirate to one year, prompting immediate backlash from Rivadavia who perceives this as an infringement on his authority.

• In response to this perceived threat, Rivadavia moves to dissolve the junta conservadora swiftly, showcasing his decisive approach to maintaining control.

Military Leadership Challenges

• The military forces led by Cornelio Saavedra pose another challenge for Rivadavia. Recognizing Saavedra's influence over armed forces, he devises a plan to remove him from Buenos Aires under false pretenses.

• Manuel Belgrano is appointed temporarily to lead these militias during Saavedra's absence. A notable incident arises when Belgrano orders militia members to cut their distinctive long braids.

The Motín de las Trenzas Incident

• Tensions escalate into violence during what becomes known as "the motín de las trenzas," highlighting deeper issues regarding authority and identity within military ranks.

• Archaeological findings in Buenos Aires reveal remnants related to this conflict, symbolizing Rivadavia’s victory over both political rivals and military dissenters through strategic maneuvers.

Emergence of New Power Factors

• Despite eliminating existing threats, Rivadavia remains unaware that new factions are emerging. The Logia Lautaro is introduced as a secretive group aiming for independence across Latin America.

The Role of San Martín and the Logia Lautaro in Argentine Independence

Introduction to Key Figures

• The discussion begins with a comparison between Simón Bolívar and José de San Martín, highlighting their significance in Venezuela and Argentina respectively.

• The Logia Lautaro is introduced as an organization advocating for independence and constitutional governance, which aligns with the ideals of the Sociedad Patriótica.

San Martín's Arrival and Positioning

• San Martín arrives at a crucial moment, offering his services to the Triumvirate; however, there is no formal army available for him to command.

• Despite the lack of an official military structure, San Martín is appointed General by the Triumvirate due to his strategic military expertise.

Establishment of Logia Lautaro in Buenos Aires

• The Logia Lautaro establishes a branch in Buenos Aires, with San Martín serving as Vice President and Carlos María de Alvear as President.

• A note of caution is given regarding Alvear’s character, hinting at future betrayal.

Revolutionary Movements

• A new revolution occurs on October 8, 1812, led by the Logia Lautaro; this event marks a significant shift similar to earlier uprisings.

• This revolution results in the overthrow of the First Triumvirate and leads to the establishment of a Second Triumvirate.

Justification and Consequences

• Although labeled incorrectly as a coup d'état by some historians, it is clarified that there was no established Argentine state at that time.