Deep hip rotator muscles

Introduction to Deep Hip Rotator Muscles

In this section, Dr. Morton introduces the deep hip rotator muscles and discusses their actions and importance in walking.

Deep Hip Rotator Muscles

• The deep hip rotator muscles include the piriformis, superior gemellus, obturator internus, inferior gemellus, quadratus femoris, and obturator externus.

• The piriformis muscle arises from the ventral surface of the sacrum within the pelvic cavity and inserts on the top of the greater trochanter of the femur.

• The superior gemellus muscle arises from the ischial spine and inserts on the greater trochanter of the femur.

• The obturator internus muscle arises from the internal surface of the obturator membrane and makes a 90-degree turn below the ischial spine before inserting on the greater trochanter of the femur.

• The inferior gemellus muscle arises between the ischial spine and ischial tuberosity and inserts on the greater trochanter of the femur.

• The quadratus femoris muscle arises from along the ischial tuberosity and inserts on the intertrochanteric crest near the greater trochanter.

• The obturator externus muscle arises from external surface of opportunity membrane and inserts posterior to neck of femur at greater trochanter.

Innervation

Dr. Morton explains that while innervation for deep hip rotator muscles may not be clinically significant, it's still important to understand their innervation patterns.

Innervation

• The piriformis muscle is innervated by nerve to piriformis muscle.

• The superior gemellus and obturator internus muscles are innervated by the nerve to obturator internus.

• The inferior gemellus and quadratus femoris muscles are innervated by different nerves.

Conclusion

Dr. Morton concludes the discussion on deep hip rotator muscles and their innervation.

Summary

• The deep hip rotator muscles, including the piriformis, superior gemellus, obturator internus, inferior gemellus, quadratus femoris, and obturator externus, play important roles in hip rotation.

• Understanding the anatomy and actions of these muscles is crucial for avoiding complications during injections or surgical procedures.

• Each muscle has specific origins and insertions that contribute to its function in hip rotation.

• Innervation patterns vary for each muscle but may not have significant clinical implications.

Timestamps provided are approximate and may vary slightly depending on the source video.

New Section

This section discusses the common insertion and action of deep hip rotators.

Common Insertion for Deep Hip Rotators

• The adductor brevis, longus, magnus, gracilis, obturator internus, and obturator externus are all involved in hip rotation.

• The greater trochanter of the femur serves as a common insertion point for these muscles.

• A schematic from Mark Nielsen shows the different insertions of these muscles.

New Section

This section provides an overview of the insertions of deep hip rotators using a picture from Grey's Anatomy.

Insertions of Deep Hip Rotators

• The obturator externus inserts on the greater trochanter.

• The quadratus femoris also inserts on the greater trochanter.

• In an anterior view, the piriformis can be seen on the greater trochanter.

• The obturator internus and superior and inferior gemelli muscles have their insertions near the greater trochanter.

New Section

This section explains the common action of deep hip rotators and their attachment to the greater trochanter.

Common Action and Attachment

• The common action of deep hip rotators is external hip rotation.

• A superior view of the pelvis demonstrates this movement with a red line representing the deep hip rotators.

• When standing, this movement causes external rotation of the hips.

New Section

This section explores external hip rotation during walking gait.

External Hip Rotation During Walking Gait

• Adding a road and a fixed foot to illustrate walking gait.

• The ball-and-socket hip joint on one side allows for medial rotation during walking.

• The swinging foot represents the advancing free limb.

• The dotted line indicates the line of advancement used to gauge foot alignment during walking.

• If no action is taken on the advancing hip joint, the foot will not be parallel to the line of advancement.

• External rotation of the hip is necessary to align the foot with the line of advancement during walking.

New Section

This section continues discussing external hip rotation during walking gait.

External Hip Rotation During Walking Gait (Continued)

• Demonstrating what happens when taking a step without external rotation of the hip joint.

• The foot is not parallel to the line of advancement.

• To align the foot with the line of advancement, external rotation of the hip is required.

Timestamps are provided for each section and bullet point.