L9. Marco constitucional y entidades federativas y los municipios

Constitutional Framework of Mexican States

Overview of Federal Entities

• The 32 federal entities and their municipalities are governed by the Political Constitution of the United Mexican States, with each state having its own local constitution aligned with the federal constitution.

• According to Article 115, states will adopt a republican, representative, democratic, secular, and popular form of government based on territorial division and political organization.

Municipal Governance

• Each municipality is autonomous and has legal personality, allowing them to manage their own assets without hierarchical subordination to state governments.

• Municipalities are governed by a city council consisting of a municipal president and councilors as determined by law; they serve for three years.

Legislative Structure

• Power within states is divided into legislative, executive, and judicial branches. The executive branch is led by an elected governor serving a six-year term.

• Judicial power is exercised through tribunals established by local constitutions; administrative justice tribunals must be in place to handle cases related to public servants' responsibilities.

Public Credibility

• Public faith in acts, records, and judicial procedures holds validity across different entities; this ensures consistency in governance across Mexico.