¡¡¡ENTREVISTA PSICOLÓGICA!!!

Understanding Psychological Interviews

Introduction to Interviews

• The concept of interviews is prevalent in various life situations, such as medical visits, job applications, and censuses.

• Originally exclusive to journalism for public information, interviews have evolved into a tool across multiple professional fields for meaningful idea exchange.

Importance of Psychological Interviews

• The psychological interview is the most utilized evaluation technique in clinical, educational, social, and labor psychology.

• Its effectiveness lies in exploring non-observable content and guiding evaluations based on theoretical frameworks.

Objectives of Psychological Interviews

• Key objectives include:

• Obtaining accurate and valid information.

• Defining problems operationally with observable characteristics.

• Identifying antecedents and consequences influencing the subject's demands.

• Understanding expectations for solutions and outcomes.

• Establishing diagnostic hypotheses.

• Justifying the psychological evaluation process.

Types of Psychological Interviews

• Various types exist based on structure:

• Structured Interview: Follows a standardized script by the interviewer.

• Semi-structured Interview: Allows some freedom for questions during the interview process.

• Unstructured Interview: Focuses on open-ended questions tailored to the interviewee's needs.

Specific Types of Interviews

• Diagnostic interviews aim to establish diagnoses supported by additional evaluation tools.

• Consultative interviews address specific topics without leading to further clinical work.

• Vocational orientation interviews guide subjects in choosing studies or suitable professions.

• Therapeutic or counseling interviews focus on social readjustment and emotional organization.

• Research interviews gather useful data from competent individuals for broader psychological understanding.

Phases of a Psychological Interview

• The psychological interview consists of several phases:

• Pre-interview: Initial contact aimed at gathering maximum information about the subject before starting work.

• Opening Phase: Establishes conditions (frame), rules, and rapport between interviewer and interviewee for a relaxed atmosphere.

Conducting the Interview

• During the main phase, while the interviewer controls proceedings, it’s essential that the interviewee directs discussions based on their experiences.

• Closing involves summarizing discussions while leaving some topics open for future exploration.

Conclusion on Conducting Effective Interviews