ALELOS MÚLTIPLES
What are Multiple Alleles?
Introduction to Multiple Alleles
- The video aims to explain the concept of multiple alleles in a didactic manner, encouraging viewers to explore more content on the channel.
- Typically, individuals inherit two alleles per gene (one dominant and one recessive), but multiple alleles involve three or more variations of a single gene.
Examples of Multiple Alleles
- Human blood types serve as a prime example of multiple alleles, determined by three distinct alleles: A, B, and O.
- The A allele produces antigen A (blood type A), while the B allele produces antigen B (blood type B). The O allele does not produce any antigens.
Hierarchical Interaction of Alleles
- In rabbits, fur color is influenced by several alleles that interact hierarchically.
- The uppercase allele determines the overall color and is dominant over others.
- Other lower-case alleles dictate specific colors like Himalayan or Chinchilla based on their interactions.
Genetic Diversity and Immune Response
- Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes exhibit numerous different alleles, contributing significantly to immune system diversity.
- This genetic variability enhances the human immune response against various pathogens and is crucial for successful organ transplants due to increased compatibility chances.
Conclusion on Genetic Implications
- Understanding multiple allele inheritance highlights its role in genetic diversity within populations, which can affect survival and adaptation.
- The discussion emphasizes how this genetic variation can influence susceptibility to diseases like COVID-19.