Reglas del handball: ¿cómo se juega?

Handball Rules Overview

Introduction to Handball

• This video is presented by Journey Sports, emphasizing safety in sports and offering insurance options for athletes. Special thanks to Lit, a national-level Mexican handball referee, for reviewing the content.

• Handball is described as a dynamic and fast-paced sport that has gained global popularity, regulated by the International Handball Federation (IHF). The rules are designed to ensure fair and competitive play.

Definition and Objective of Handball

• Handball involves two teams of seven players (six field players and one goalkeeper) competing to score goals by throwing a ball into the opposing team's net. The aim is to score as many goals as possible within two 30-minute halves.

• Players must collaborate effectively to advance the ball down the court while overcoming the opponent's defense. The team with the most goals at the end wins.

Player Positions

• Goalkeeper: Protects the goal; can only use feet within their area.

• Wingers: Attack from the sides; quick in exploiting small spaces.

• Back Players: Strong throwers who attack from 9-meter line.

• Pivot: Positioned near 6-meter line; creates space in defense.

• Center Back: Directs attacks and coordinates offensive movements.

Game Duration and Structure

• Each match consists of two 30-minute halves with a 10-minute break in between. If tied at full time, extra time of two 5-minute periods is played, followed by a tie-breaker if necessary.

Ball Movement Rules

• Players may not run more than three steps while holding the ball without dribbling or passing it to teammates. Passing must be done using hands only; feet cannot touch except for goalkeepers within their area.

Fouls and Penalties

Common Fouls

• Fouls occur when players violate game rules:

• Pushing or Holding: Not allowed to push or hit opponents for possession.

• Excessive Charging: Pushing an opponent with body results in an offensive foul.

• Passive Play Warning: Teams must attempt an attack within four passes after being warned for holding onto the ball too long.

Types of Penalties

• Yellow Card: For minor infractions or repeated fouls; does not result in suspension.

• 2-Minute Exclusion: For serious fouls or unsportsmanlike conduct; team plays short-handed during this period.

• Red Card: For severe infractions leading to expulsion without substitution rights.

• A penalty shot (7m) is awarded if a player is fouled during a clear scoring opportunity.

Playing Field Specifications

Court Dimensions

• According to IHF regulations, handball courts measure 40 meters long by 20 meters wide, featuring specific areas crucial for gameplay:

• Goal Area (6m): Only goalkeepers can enter this zone.

• Penalty Line (7m): Used for penalty shots following fouls inside this area.

• Free Throw Line (9m): Located outside goal area used for restarting play after certain fouls.

Surface Requirements

Handball Game Essentials

Importance of Game Elements

• Each element in handball is crucial for the proper development of the game. The ball has specific dimensions based on player categories, with adult male competitions using a ball circumference of 58 to 60 cm and weighing between 425 and 475 grams.

Goal Specifications

• Goals must measure 3 meters wide by 2 meters high, equipped with nets to ensure the ball remains within after a goal. The posts and crossbar should be painted in contrasting colors (typically red and white or black and white), alternating every 28 cm for better visibility.

Uniform Regulations

• Players are required to wear uniforms approved by the International Handball Federation (IHF), designed for comfort and safety. Uniforms consist of short-sleeved shirts and shorts, featuring visible numbers on both front and back.

• Teams must have distinctly different uniform colors to avoid confusion, while goalkeepers wear unique uniforms for easy identification.

Footwear Requirements

• Appropriate sports footwear is essential for safety and performance. Shoes should have non-marking soles, provide ankle support, be lightweight and flexible for quick movements, offer good cushioning to absorb impacts, as well as being comfortable and durable.

Protective Gear Insights

• While protective gear is not mandatory in handball, some players choose knee or elbow pads to prevent injuries from falls. Goalkeepers often wear additional protection on sensitive areas like thighs or knees.

Understanding Game Dynamics

• Handball is a dynamic sport that combines skill, speed, and strategy under strict rules set by the IHF. Every aspect aims to ensure fairness and safety for players. Familiarity with these rules enhances enjoyment whether playing or spectating.