Week 4 (English Renaissance)
Introduction and Attendance
The teacher introduces the online lesson for English Renaissance week four and announces that attendance will be recorded. Participation in class discussions will affect students' final grade.
Attendance
- Starting from this week, attendance will be recorded.
- Performance in online lessons and participation in class discussions will affect students' final grade.
- Participation in class discussions is about 20% of the total grade.
Utopia by Thomas More
The teacher asks questions related to Utopia by Thomas More, specifically about a character named Raphael's response to working for a king.
Working for a King
- In Book One, Raphael is offered work by a king but declines because he believes it would be like slavery.
- Kings expect their counselors to have fighting skills and support their profits.
- A good counselor shows the real and correct things to a king, but kings generally do not like this.
- The purpose of counselors is to show interior and good things to the public character of the king.
Armies
- Hateful thinks armies are dispensable in peace time as they can be harmful to society.
Conclusion
The transcript covers an introduction where attendance is announced as being recorded. It then moves on to discuss Utopia by Thomas More with questions about working for a king and armies.
Utopia's Civic Runs and Magistrates
In this section, the speaker asks a question about Utopia's civic runs and magistrates. They ask who the civic runs are and who the civil queens are. The group tries to answer the question but is unable to get a clear answer.
- The speaker asks who the civic runs are and who the civil queens are in Utopia.
- The group explains that 30 families come together every year to select a magistrate, who is called a civil queen or pacific work.
Trades in Utopia
In this section, the speaker asks about trades in Utopia. They ask what can be said about trades in Utopia and if anyone wants to talk about it.
- One member of the group explains that if one state has plenty of goods, they can give them for free to other states. However, with other countries, they trade for fair prices.
- Another member adds that agriculture is very important in Utopia as it is part of their education.
- A third member explains that expensive clothes and gold jewelry are not important in Utopian society. Traditions include getting up at a certain hour and working six hours per day.
Ambassadors' Impressions of Different Customs
In this section, the speaker asks what happens when ambassadors visit Utopia as representatives from foreign countries.
- The speaker quotes from page 44 of their copy of "Utopia," saying "I never saw a clearer instance of the opposite impressions that different customs make on people." The group discusses the importance of customs and how they can affect people's perceptions.
Cultural Differences in Utopia
In this section, the class discusses the cultural differences between Utopians and foreign ambassadors. The ambassadors try to impress Utopians with their jewelry and gold, but Utopians find it against their principle of uniformity.
Ambassadors' Appearance
- The ambassadors think that the people in Utopia are poor because of their modest clothing.
- The ambassadors wear all their belongings on their body, including necklaces and jewels.
- Children laugh at the ambassadors because they think they are slaves or fools.
Cultural Differences
- Utopians look down on people wearing gold and silver as a sign of being a "spender."
- Uniformity is the most prominent quality of Utopian people, so wearing many things like jewels is against the principle of uniformity.
Uniformity in Utopia
This section continues discussing the idea of uniformity in Utopia. Everything is uniform, from one city to another and from one person to another.
Uniformity in Customs and Laws
- There are 54 cities in the island, all large and well-built.
- Their laws, customs, and manners are all the same.
- Things do not vary from one city to another or from one person to another; everything is equal.
Participation in Production
This section discusses the fundamental principle of Utopia's system, which is participation in production and working processes.
Participation in Production
- Participation in production and working processes is the fundamental principle of Utopia's system.
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Introduction to Rhetoric
In this section, the speaker introduces the concept of rhetoric and its three main components.
Three Main Classes of Oratory
- Based on Aristotle's theories, there are three main classes of oratory: deliberative, forensic, and epideictic.
- Deliberative oratory is concerned with the future and aims to persuade an audience to take a particular course of action.
- Forensic oratory deals with past events and aims to persuade an audience about guilt or innocence.
- Epideictic oratory is concerned with praise or blame and aims to persuade an audience about the worthiness of a person, idea, or event.
Three Components of Rhetorical Discourse
- According to Abrams' interpretation of Aristotle's theory, rhetorical discourse has three components: invention, disposition, and style.
- Invention refers to finding arguments that will persuade the audience.
- Disposition involves arranging these arguments in a logical order.
- Style refers to the choice of words, patterns, and rhythms used to convey these arguments effectively.
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Overview of Rhetoric
In this section, the speaker introduces the three main classes of rhetoric and explains their purpose.
Three Main Classes of Rhetoric
- Deliberative rhetoric is used to persuade an audience to approve or reject a public policy. It is mainly used in politics.
- Forensic rhetoric is used in trials to achieve either condemnation or approval of some person's actions. It is also called judicial rhetoric.
- Epidictic rhetoric, also known as display rhetoric, is used on ceremonial occasions to praise or blame something or someone.
Recap of Rhetoric
In this section, the speaker summarizes the two classifications discussed earlier and provides a brief explanation for each.
Two Classifications of Rhetoric
- The first classification consists of three components that make up an effective rhetorical discourse - invention, disposition, and style.
- The second classification consists of three main classes of rhetoric - deliberative, forensic, and epidictic.
Overall, these classifications help us understand how different types of speeches are constructed and delivered for specific purposes.
Introduction to Rhetoric
In this section, the instructor introduces the three types of rhetoric: deliberative, forensic, and epidictic. Deliberative is political language, forensic is legal language used in courts and trials, and epidictic is the language of ceremonies.
Types of Rhetoric
- Deliberative rhetoric is political language.
- Forensic rhetoric is legal language used in courts and trials.
- Epidictic rhetoric is the language of ceremonies.
Components of a Speech
In this section, the instructor explains the three components of a speech according to Aristotle: invention, arrangement or position, and style.
Components of a Speech
- Invention involves finding arguments for your speech.
- Arrangement or position involves arranging your arguments in a logical order.
- Style involves choosing words or patterns to convey your message.
Utopia as an Example of Rhetoric
In this section, the instructor discusses how Utopia can be seen as an example of different types of rhetoric. Book one is an example of deliberative rhetoric because it contains political discussions while book two is an example of epidictic rhetoric because it praises Utopia.
Utopia as an Example of Rhetoric
- Book one is an example of deliberative rhetoric because it contains political discussions.
- Book two is an example of epidictic rhetoric because it praises Utopia.
- Utopia as a whole is an example of deliberative rhetoric because it contains both political discussions and praise for Utopia.
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