Tepelná čerpadla země - voda v pořadu Polopatě

The Role of Heat Pumps in Home Heating

Introduction to Heat Pumps

• Tepelné čerpadlo is positioned as a primary machine for heating residential homes, utilizing stable underground environments alongside air or water.

• It serves as an alternative to conventional heat sources like coal combustion, presenting a sustainable path forward amidst rising energy costs.

Functionality and Benefits

• Heat pumps operate by extracting primary energy from the external environment (air, ground, or water) and transferring it into the heating system.

• Common types include air-to-water and ground-to-water heat pumps; the former extracts energy from air while the latter utilizes geothermal sources through either surface collectors or deep boreholes.

Installation Considerations

• Ground-based systems involve burying pipes underground to circulate refrigerant that absorbs energy from the earth.

• Installing these systems during new construction is relatively straightforward due to concurrent excavation work.

Energy Exchange Process

• The heat pump uses a component called an evaporator where refrigerant vaporizes, absorbing energy which is then compressed by a compressor to increase temperature before being transferred to heating water.

Economic Viability and Longevity

• While ground-to-water heat pumps may have higher initial costs compared to air-source models, they are designed for long-term use across multiple generations (4-5), making them economically viable over time.

• These systems typically last around 20 years due to their operation in more stable conditions, leading to lower maintenance needs and higher reliability compared to air-source units.

Performance Over Time

• It's important to note that ground-source heat pumps can lose efficiency over time as boreholes may become less effective.