Books & Author for BPSC/CDPO I LEC#9 I

Bihar's Literary Giants and Their Contributions

Overview of Bihar's Literary Significance

• The discussion focuses on important literary figures from Bihar, particularly in the context of BPSC (Bihar Public Service Commission) examinations, where questions often pertain to notable authors and their works.

• Emphasis is placed on collecting significant literary contributions from Bihar for exam preparation, highlighting the convenience this offers to students.

Key Literary Figures

Ramdhari Singh Dinkar

• Ramdhari Singh Dinkar is introduced as a prominent figure in Bihar's literary world, known as "Rashtrakavi" (National Poet).

• Dinkar hailed from Simaria village and was not only a celebrated poet but also an esteemed freedom fighter. He served three terms in the Rajya Sabha.

• In 1959, he received the Sahitya Akademi Award and was honored with the Padma Bhushan for his contributions to literature.

• Notably, he was the first recipient of the Jnanpith Award from Bihar in 1972 for his work "Urvashi," which explores themes of love between Urvashi and King Pururava.

Other Notable Works by Dinkar

• "Rashmirathi" showcases Karna’s character and abilities; it is recommended for reading due to its profound insights into heroism.

• Additional works include "Hahakar," "Aaj Ki Beekh," and "Himalaya," all considered significant contributions to Indian literature.

Contributions of Dr. Rajendra Prasad

• Dr. Rajendra Prasad, India's first President, authored several influential books including:

• "The Co-operative Movement"

• "India Divided"

• "Champaran Mein Gandhi"

Insights on 'India Divided'

• The book discusses key historical perspectives regarding Pakistan's formation and highlights Jinnah’s role as perceived by Prasad.

Other Influential Authors

Ramvriksh Benipuri

• Benipuri is recognized as another major literary figure from Bihar. His notable works include:

• “Lal Tara”

• “Mati Ki Murti”

Phanishwar Nath Renu

• Renu hails from Araria district; his acclaimed work “Maila Anchal” is regarded as one of Hindi literature's best books after “Gyan Kosh.”

• Another significant work by him is “Juloos,” which reflects social issues through storytelling.

Books and Historical Figures in Indian Literature

Overview of Key Literary Works

• The book "Lootera" is mentioned, authored by a literary figure named Surya. It highlights the significance of literature in understanding cultural narratives.

• "India in Transition," a notable work by M.N. Roy, is emphasized as essential for exams, showcasing its relevance to historical political movements.

• "Durgesh Nandini," written by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay, is noted as his first novel and an important piece in Indian literature.

Important Historical Context

• Maulana Abul Kalam Azad's role during the 1940 Ramgarh session of Congress is highlighted; he served as the president and was India's first education minister from 1940 to 1946.

• Azad became the youngest president of the Indian National Congress at age 35, indicating his significant influence on India's independence movement.

Significant Books and Their Authors

• "Gita Rahasya" by Bal Gangadhar Tilak is discussed for its importance in understanding philosophical perspectives within Indian politics.

• The book "Valentine's Role" refers to Tilak being called the 'Father of Indian Nationalism,' emphasizing his contributions to India's freedom struggle.

Political Influences and Ideologies

• Gandhi's works are referenced, including "Gokhale: My Political Guru," which reflects on Gokhale’s influence on Gandhi’s political philosophy.

• The comparison between Gandhi and Lenin in their respective approaches to revolution is explored through the book "Gandhi vs. Lenin."

Contributions of Other Notable Figures

• Chittaranjan Das' book "India for Indians" illustrates his political ideology and mentorship role towards Subhas Chandra Bose.

• The significance of various sessions held under leaders like Das and Azad during pivotal moments in India’s freedom struggle is underscored, particularly focusing on events leading up to individual satyagraha initiatives.

Examination Insights

• The discussion includes how certain books are frequently asked about in exams, such as those addressing Muslim issues written by W.W.W. Hunter, highlighting their historical context regarding communal relations in India.