EL APRIORISMO: 10 CARACTERÍSTICAS

Introduction to Apriorism

The video introduces the concept of apriorism in philosophy, tracing its origins and key characteristics.

Origins of Apriorism

• Apriorism originates from the Latin phrase "a priori," dating back to Euclid's era and found in Plato's distinction between the sensible and intelligible worlds.

• References to apriorism appear in writings by Albert of Saxony, Leibniz, and Berkeley, but its essence stems from Immanuel Kant's philosophy as a mediation between rationalism and empiricism.

Characteristics of Apriorism

• Apriorism serves as an intermediate epistemological position reconciling rationalism and empiricism.

• It asserts that knowledge is not solely derived from experience but also from thought, considering both experience and reasoning as vital sources of knowledge.

• Knowledge transcends mere experience according to apriorism; while experience is crucial, it does not exhaust all knowledge as thought imparts universality.

Key Features of Apriorism

The discussion delves into the fundamental features that distinguish apriorism within philosophical discourse.

Defining Apriorism

• Apriorism signifies "before experience," emphasizing elements existing prior to empirical encounters.

• It entails assertions based on prior considerations rather than empirical evidence or practicality, suggesting inherent elements within consciousness or forms of intuition.

Contrasting Racionalismo and Apriorismo

• While both rationalism and apriorism acknowledge innate ideas, they differ in how these a priori factors are conceptualized.

• Rationalists view a priori elements as perfect concepts inherent at birth, akin to containers filled with contents. In contrast, apriorists emphasize that these containers receive content through experiences.

Fundamental Principles of Apriorismo

Exploring the core tenets underpinning apriority elucidates its significance in shaping philosophical perspectives.

Principle of Sensibility and Understanding

• Kant's principle underscores that thoughts devoid of content are empty; intuitions lacking concepts are blind. Sensibility and understanding enable meaningful experiences by integrating objects into representations for cognitive processing.

Forms of Understanding

• Time and space serve as foundational forms through which we perceive reality. Objects conform to our sensory molds for representation—these forms shape how we perceive objects spatially or temporally.

The Influence of Perception on Reality

In this section, the discussion revolves around how perception is influenced by various factors such as lenses and predispositions, shaping our understanding of reality.

The Role of Lenses in Perception

• Lenses impose limits on how we perceive reality.

• "Todo lo voy a ver de otro color" - Everything will be seen in a different color.

• Immanuel Kant believed reason dictates our perceptions.

• Reason shapes all our perceptions within time and space.

Sensibility and Innate Qualities

• Human sensibility is shaped by time and space.

• Intuition in time and space is innate to humans.

• Our upbringing influences how we perceive the world.

• Regardless of location, we experience the world in time and space.

Categories of Understanding

• Kant emphasizes the need for mental molds to understand objects.

• Mental categories like totality and plurality aid in forming judgments.

• Various categories guide our understanding through different types of judgments.

• Categories include universality, singularity, negation, limitation, substance, causality, etc.

Understanding A Priori Knowledge

This segment delves into the concept of a priori knowledge as distinct from a posteriori knowledge, highlighting Immanuel Kant's views on knowledge acquisition.

A Priori vs. A Posteriori Knowledge

• A priori knowledge precedes experience and is universal and eternal.

• A priori knowledge is independent of experience and associated with universality.

• Immanuel Kant emphasized that all knowledge originates from experience but isn't solely derived from it.

• Knowledge requires human intervention post-experience for comprehension.