Reacciones químicas según su transformación: Síntesis, análisis, desplazamiento y doble sustitución

Types of Chemical Reactions

Classification Based on Transformation

• The video introduces the classification of chemical reactions based on their transformations, emphasizing various criteria for categorization.

• Reactions can be classified according to the transformation produced, direction, and type of energy exchanged. This segment focuses specifically on transformation-based classifications.

Types of Reactions

Synthesis or Addition Reactions

• Synthesis reactions occur when two or more substances combine to form a more complex substance. Examples include:

• A metal reacting with a non-metal to form a salt.

• A metal reacting with oxygen to create a metallic oxide.

• A metallic oxide reacting with water to produce a base or hydroxide.

Decomposition or Analysis Reactions

• Decomposition reactions involve one substance breaking down into two or more simpler substances. Key examples include:

• An oxide decomposing into a metallic oxide and a metal.

• Water hydrolyzing into hydrogen and oxygen.

• A binary salt decomposing into its constituent metal and non-metal.

Single Replacement or Displacement Reactions

• In single replacement reactions, one element replaces another in a compound, resulting in the formation of a new compound. Notable instances are:

• Zinc displacing hydrogen from hydrochloric acid to form zinc chloride and hydrogen gas.

• Sodium displacing hydrogen from water to create sodium hydroxide and released hydrogen.

Double Replacement Reactions

• Double replacement reactions typically occur between two ionic compounds in water where cations exchange positions. For example:

• Neutralization occurs when an acid reacts with a base, producing salt and water (e.g., hydrochloric acid reacting with sodium hydroxide forms sodium chloride and water).