T.7 📕 La POESÍA de 1939 hasta final de siglo XX 🖊️ LITERATURA para la EVAU
What Happened to Poetry After the Civil War?
The 1940s: Post-Civil War Context
- The aftermath of the Spanish Civil War left the country in a dire state, marked by economic crisis and international isolation.
- Many writers and intellectuals fled Spain or died during the war, including notable figures like Lorca and Unamuno.
- Two main poetic currents emerged: Poesía Arraigada, which had a fascist tone focusing on optimistic themes, and Poesía Desarraigada, characterized by existentialism and direct engagement with human suffering.
Key Poets of the 1940s
- Miguel Hernández is highlighted as a significant figure; his works include "El rayo que no cesa" and "Canción celo y romancero de ausencias."
- Vicente Aleixandre's "Sombras del paraíso" reflects on humanity's disconnection from nature.
- Dámaso Alonso’s "Hijos de la ira" expresses deep personal anguish.
The 1950s: Social Awakening
- Economic improvements led to a rise in social poetry that aimed to depict reality and address injustices.
- Notable poets include Blas de Otero with "Pido la paz y la palabra," José Hierro with "Cuanto sé de mí," and Celaya with "Cantos íberos."
The 1960s: Personal Reflection
- This decade saw friendships among exiled poets known as “niños de la guerra,” influencing their work significantly.
- Claudio Rodríguez’s “Salmos al viento” and Ángel González’s “Poemas póstumos” reflect personal experiences intertwined with societal observations.
The 1970s to 2000: Experimental Influences
- Political openness led to foreign influences in poetry, particularly through experimental styles among younger poets known as los novísimos.
- These poets combined social issues with intimate themes, showcasing skepticism towards established art forms. Notable authors include José María Álvarez, Leopoldo María Panero, and Anna María Moix.