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FESTIVALES Y EXCESOS: El cine de los 90 | Historia del Cine
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FESTIVALES Y EXCESOS: El cine de los 90 | Historia del Cine

Introduction to Independent Film in the 90s

This section introduces the concept of independent film and its characteristics. It also mentions the pioneers of independent filmmaking and their contributions.

Independent Film Characteristics

  • Independent films are made with limited resources and without support from major studios.
  • The freedom of independence allows filmmakers to explore themes such as sex, violence, and death that may not be possible in mainstream productions.

Pioneers of Independent Filmmaking

  • John Cassavetes is considered a pioneer of American independent cinema. His films like "Shadows," "Faces," and "A Woman Under the Influence" focused on exploring human emotions and complexities.
  • John Waters, based in Baltimore, created unconventional films like "Pink Flamingos" with low budgets and a cast of friends.

Sundance Festival and Miramax

This section discusses the significance of the Sundance Film Festival and Miramax in shaping independent film culture in the 90s.

Sundance Film Festival

  • Robert Redford founded the Sundance Institute to support emerging filmmakers with non-commercial projects.
  • The festival initially attracted filmmakers due to its location for skiing and parties but later became prestigious by attracting industry professionals.

Miramax

  • Miramax started as a film distribution company founded by Bob and Harvey Weinstein.
  • Despite controversies surrounding Harvey Weinstein, Miramax played a crucial role in promoting independent films through its association with Sundance.

Rise of Notable Directors

This section highlights some notable directors who emerged during the 90s independent film movement.

Gus Van Sant

  • Gus Van Sant gained recognition for his films like "Mala Noche" and "Drugstore Cowboy," which featured unique and marginalized characters.
  • Spike Lee made his mark with films like "She's Gotta Have It" and "Do the Right Thing," showcasing his commitment to political causes.

Steven Soderbergh

  • Steven Soderbergh's film "Sex, Lies, and Videotape" gained attention at Sundance and Cannes, marking a turning point for independent cinema.
  • Soderbergh's ability to blend humor, emotion, and political themes continued in films like "Erin Brockovich" and "The Informant!"

Conclusion of Independent Film Boom

This section discusses the impact of the film "Sex, Lies, and Videotape" on the independent film industry.

  • The success of "Sex, Lies, and Videotape" led to a boom in independent filmmaking during the 90s.
  • Independent film became a term that encompassed various non-studio financed productions.

The transcript does not provide further information beyond this point.

The Rise of Independent Filmmakers

This section discusses the rise of independent filmmakers in the 90s and their impact on the film industry.

The Influence of Weinstein and Dimension Films

  • Los Weinstein created a subsidiary called Dimension Films to finance genre films, such as Wes Craven's "Scream" series.
  • Sundance and Telluride Film Festivals played a significant role in promoting independent cinema.
  • Cannes Film Festival welcomed indie filmmakers, leading to increased recognition and opportunities.

Emerging Directors and Their Backgrounds

  • Young directors influenced by American cinema of the 70s and European films started making movies with limited resources.
  • Richard Linklater, initially a worker at an oil plant, gained success with his debut film "Slacker" at Sundance.
  • Larry Clark, known for controversial films like "Kids," began as a photographer before transitioning into directing.

Richard Linklater's Journey

This section focuses on Richard Linklater's career progression as an independent filmmaker.

Early Successes

  • Linklater used the money he earned from his job to make his first feature film "Slacker."
  • He gained more recognition with films like "Dazed and Confused" and the "Before" trilogy ("Before Sunrise," "Before Sunset," "Before Midnight").

Larry Clark's Controversial Style

This section explores Larry Clark's unique filmmaking style that caused controversy.

Controversial Film Release

  • Miramax acquired Clark's film "Kids" at Sundance but faced distribution challenges due to its explicit content.
  • Harmony Korine, writer of Kids, also embarked on his own filmmaking career with disturbing yet intriguing films.

Quentin Tarantino's Journey

This section delves into Quentin Tarantino's early experiences and breakthrough as an independent filmmaker.

Tarantino's Passion for Cinema

  • Tarantino's love for cinema started at a young age, working at a video store while studying theater.
  • His first feature film, "Reservoir Dogs," was born from a conversation with producer Lawrence Bender.

Tarantino's Impact on Independent Cinema

This section highlights Quentin Tarantino's significant influence on independent cinema in the 90s.

Unique Filmmaking Style

  • Tarantino stood out not only for his films but also for his extroverted personality and distinctive quotes.
  • He became the face of American independent cinema in the 90s, representing Miramax and its success.

Robert Rodriguez's Genre Films

This section focuses on Robert Rodriguez and his contributions to genre filmmaking.

Rodriguez's Early Career

  • Inspired by John Carpenter's "Escape from New York," Rodriguez began making films at a young age.
  • His debut feature film, "El Mariachi," was made with a minimal budget and showcased his talent as a multi-faceted filmmaker.

Collaborations and Kevin Smith

This section discusses collaborations between filmmakers and introduces Kevin Smith.

Collaborative Projects

  • The Weinstein brothers supported collaborations between directors like Tarantino and Rodriguez, resulting in films like "Four Rooms" and "From Dusk Till Dawn."
  • Kevin Smith, known for his comic book fandom, financed his first film "Clerks" by selling his comic collection.

Conclusion

The 90s witnessed the rise of independent filmmakers who brought fresh perspectives and unique storytelling to the film industry. Directors like Richard Linklater, Larry Clark, Quentin Tarantino, and Robert Rodriguez made significant contributions to independent cinema during this era. Their films challenged conventions and paved the way for future generations of independent filmmakers.

The Rise of Independent Filmmakers in the 90s

This section discusses the emergence of independent filmmakers in the 1990s and their impact on the film industry.

Pioneering Female Filmmakers

  • Allison Anders, Lisa Cholodenko, Nicole Holofcener, Rose Troche, and Sofia Coppola were among the notable female filmmakers who made their mark in the independent film scene.
  • Their films such as "Border Radio," "High Art," "Walking and Talking," "Go Fish," and "The Virgin Suicides" contributed to the growing influence of independent cinema.

Darren Aronofsky and Robert Rodriguez's Low-Budget Success

  • Darren Aronofsky's debut film "Pi" was made with a budget of only $60,000, showcasing his resourcefulness as an independent filmmaker.
  • Similarly, Robert Rodriguez documented his filmmaking experience in a diary while creating his low-budget film, which later became a phenomenon in the independent horror genre.

The Impact of "The Blair Witch Project"

  • Daniel Myrick and Eduardo Sánchez utilized the novelty of the internet to create a mythology around their faux documentary-style horror film, "The Blair Witch Project."
  • Despite its modest budget of $22,500, the film went on to gross over $400 million worldwide.

Sundance Film Festival and Miramax's Influence

  • The Sundance Film Festival continued to be a platform for independent filmmakers even after the 90s.
  • Miramax gained prominence over time and produced Oscar-winning films like "Shakespeare in Love."
  • However, Miramax faced legal issues when directors like Michael Moore claimed unpaid dues for their documentaries.

Established Directors from the Independent Scene

  • Quentin Tarantino, Richard Linklater, Wes Anderson, and Steven Soderbergh achieved recognition as established directors, thanks to their work in the independent film scene.
  • Steven Soderbergh's success with films like "Traffic" showcased his ability to alternate between big-budget productions and smaller independent projects.

The Legacy of Independent Filmmaking

  • The independent cinema of the 90s inspired a new generation of filmmakers who continue to challenge industry norms.
  • Platforms like Netflix and Amazon have provided opportunities for smaller, more artistic films to compete for prestigious awards such as the Oscars.
  • Barry Jenkins' "Moonlight" and Jordan Peele's "Get Out" are examples of independent films that have achieved critical acclaim and success.

These notes provide an overview of the rise of independent filmmakers in the 1990s, highlighting key names, films, and their impact on the industry.

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Video description

Una nueva camada de directores desafiaron al establishment hollywoodense de los 80 y se lanzaron a hacer producciones por su cuenta. Desde Quentin Tarantino hasta Kevin Smith, todos pertenecen a una época inolvidable y un renacimiento épico del cine independiente. Conviértete en miembro de ZEPfilms: http://youtube.com/zepfilms/join 100 películas que me abrieron la cabeza: https://amzn.to/3hZJP2H ¡Síguenos en nuestras redes sociales! • Instagram: http://instagram.com/zepfilms • Facebook: http://facebook.com/zepfilms Filmografía: Shadows (1959), Faces (1968), Una mujer bajo influencia (1974), Mondo Trasho (1969), Pink Flamingos (1972), Gente como uno (1980), The Secret Policeman's Other Ball (1982), Return of the Secaucus 7 (1980), Lianna (1983), Baby It's You (1983), Permanent Vacation (1980), Stranger Than Paradise (1984), Bajo el peso de la ley (1986), Simplemente sangre (1984), Educando a Arizona (1987), Fargo (1996), El Gran Lebowski (1998), Sin lugar para los débiles (2007), Mala noche (1986), Marginados (1989), She's Gotta Have It (1986), School Daze (1988), Malcolm X (1992), El infiltrado del KKKlan (2018), Sexo, mentiras y video (1989), Scream (1996), Slacker (1990), Rebeldes y confundidos (1993), Antes del Atardecer (2004), Antes del Anochecer (2013), Kids (1995), Gummo (1997), Perros de la calle (1992), Escape salvaje (1993), Asesinos por naturaleza (1994), El mariachi (1992), La balada del pistolero (1995), Four Rooms (1995), Del crepúsculo al amanecer (1996), Clerks (1994), Cigarettes & coffee (1993), Hard Eight (1996), Boggie Nights (1997), Bottle Rocket (1996), Rushmore (1998), Border Radio (1987), High Art (1998), Walking and Talking (1996), Yo le disparé a Andy Warhol (1996), Go Fish (1994), Las vírgenes suicidas (1999), Pi (1998), El proyecto Blair Witch (1999), Fahrenheit 9/11 (2004), Traffic (2000), Erin Brockovich (2000), La gran estafa (2001), Unsane (2018), Moonlight (2016). Lista de equipos que usamos en ZEPfilms para grabar videos: • Cámara: Sony A7III - https://amzn.to/31ONTNh • Lente caro: Sony FE 24-70 mm F2.8 - https://amzn.to/3hSGm5I • Lente más barato: Sony FE 50 mm F1.8 - https://amzn.to/2Z08358 • Trípode: Benro KH25 - https://amzn.to/3jEn4li • Trípode pequeño: Joby GorillaPod - https://amzn.to/3bkxZgQ • Micrófono de estudio: CAD GXL2200 - https://amzn.to/2YTXIru • Micrófono inalámbrico: Sony UWP-D11 (Kit completo) - https://amzn.to/31VmZDP • Micrófono de cámara: Rode VideoMic Pro+ - https://amzn.to/2GnhG7F • Tablero de mezcla USB: Behringer QX1202USB - https://amzn.to/2QM7TtL Narración: Nicolás Amelio-Ortiz, Guión: Matías Orta, Edición: John Nouel Creado por Nicolas Amelio-Ortiz http://instagram.com/Nicolas.AmelioOrtiz