How To Make Sentences in Korean (Introduction to Korean Grammar)

Basic Sentence Structure in Korean

This section explains the difference between English and Korean sentence structure.

Subject-Object-Verb Order

• In English, the basic sentence structure is subject-verb-object.

• In Korean, the order is subject-object-verb.

• Example: "I love you" becomes "Nanun dangsinul saranghae" in Korean.

Particles or Postpositions

• Particles or postpositions are attached to nouns in Korean.

• They have different meanings and variations depending on the noun that comes before it.

• Example: Noon is a subject marker that indicates the noun is the subject of what you're about to say.

Subject Marker

• The topic particle in Korean is called a subject marker because it indicates that the noun is the subject of what you're about to say.

• It replaces "is" when the noun ends with a final consonant for ease of pronunciation.

• Example: Na (I) doesn't have a final consonant, so noon is placed as a subject marker.

Types of Subject Markers and Object Markers

This section explains different types of subject markers and object markers in Korean.

Types of Subject Markers

• There are different types of subject markers in Korean, each with slightly different meanings and usage.

• Examples include eun/nun, ga, and neun/deun/reul/leul.

Object Marker

• Pin then an e car can mark both the subject and object.

• Each conveys slightly different meaning.

Conjugation of Verbs in Korean

This section explains how verbs are conjugated in Korean.

Base Form

• Every verb has a base form which gives birth to every other form.

• It's most commonly known as a dictionary form and it ends with ha.

• Example: The base form of "love" in Korean is sahaba.

Verb Conjugation

• When putting the verb into a Korean sentence, it must be conjugated to avoid sounding like a robot.

• Conjugation means changing the verb ending to another verb ending, which changes its meaning.

• There are many different verb endings in Korean that can't be covered in one lesson.

Sentence Structure Examples

This section provides examples of proper sentence structure in Korean.

Jeff Knows Me

• In Korean, the subject comes first, followed by the object and then the verb.

• Example: Jeff knows me becomes "Jeff na-reul jalhae-yo."

Subject-Verb Agreement Rule

• Unlike English, there is no subject-verb agreement rule in Korean.

• The subject of the verb doesn't affect the form of the verb; only the meaning decides which verb ending to use and how it's conjugated.

Formal vs Informal Forms

This section explains formal and informal forms in Korean.

Formal vs Informal Forms

• Almost every Korean sentence has a formal and an informal form that mean the same thing but have different forms.

Introduction to Korean Grammar

In this section, the speaker introduces the importance of sticking to standard grammar and complete sentences at a beginner's level. They also explain how to conjugate verbs in Korean.

Importance of Standard Grammar

• At a beginner's level, it is important to stick to standard grammar and practice complete sentences.

• This will help avoid confusion when encountering more complex sentence structures later on.

Conjugating Verbs in Korean

• Stem verbs are the remaining letters after removing "pas" from the base form of a verb.

• Depending on the last letter of the stem verb, different forms of verb endings are used for conjugation.

• For example, verbs like "haba" whose stem verb ends with "ha" become conjugated by replacing "ha" with "hey". Present tense becomes "Sanna hey haha Hey".

• Verbs like "ada", whose stem verb has a vowel in final consonant, are conjugated by adding "-ah" to form present tense. Present tense for "ioda" becomes "era".

• Past tense is formed by adding "-ta" or "-da" depending on the last letter of the stem verb.

Practice Sentences

• Examples of using these conjugations in practice include:

• Nannan bangtan sonyeondan era (I like BTS).

• Nannan yap 10 muleo (I eat vegetables).

• Nannan munen dada (I open the door).

Conclusion

The speaker concludes by summarizing the importance of memorizing Korean verbs and practicing regularly.

• Learning and memorizing Korean verbs can be challenging, but it gets easier with practice.

• Regularly allocating a small chunk of time to memorize and practice is recommended.

Live Classes and Extra Help

In this section, the speaker talks about live classes and asks for feedback on what students need extra help with.

Live Classes

• The speaker mentions that live classes are most likely to be practicing together.

• More information will be provided once plans are sorted out.

Extra Help

• The speaker asks for feedback in the comment section on what students need extra help with.

• Examples of areas where students may need extra help include pronunciation, specific verbs, or difficulty putting Korean into use.

• Any difficulty while studying Korean can be mentioned in the comments.

Conclusion

In this section, the speaker concludes the lesson and thanks viewers for studying with them.

Conclusion

• The speaker thanks viewers for studying with them.

• They look forward to reading comments from viewers about what they need extra help with.

• The lesson ends.