🥇 Anatomía del OJO 3/3 - Medios de Refracción, Cámaras del Ojo, Humor Acuoso, Cuerpo Vítreo

Understanding the Eye's Refractive Structures

Overview of the Eyeball's Structure

• The video discusses the three layers of the eyeball and focuses on means of refraction, emphasizing the cornea as having the greatest refractive power.

• The iris is introduced as a non-refractive structure, with subsequent discussion on the lens located behind it, which plays a crucial role in refraction.

Key Refractive Components

• The vitreous body is described as a gelatinous structure occupying most of the eyeball behind the lens.

• Aqueous humor is mentioned as a liquid bathing structures in front of the lens, while vitreous humor fills the space inside the vitreous body.

Chambers of the Eye

• The eye contains two main chambers: anterior (in front of iris) and posterior (behind iris), with their division defined by iris placement.

• Viewers are encouraged to subscribe to learn more about these structures; previous videos covered other aspects like corneal function.

Detailed Lens Anatomy

• The lens is described as approximately 1 cm in diameter and 5 mm thick at its center, possessing a convex shape that changes with age.

• As people age (over 35 or 40 years), lenses become yellowish; cataracts are noted as an affliction affecting transparency.

Histological Structure and Functionality

• The lens has an outer capsule, cortex, and central nucleus that becomes harder towards its center.

• Ligaments known as suspensory ligaments or ciliary zonula hold the lens in place and allow it to change shape for focusing.

Vitreous Body Composition

• Behind the lens lies the vitreous body covered by hyaloid membrane containing vitreous humor rich in polysaccharides like hyaluronic acid.

• Light must pass through aqueous media including both anterior (between cornea and iris) and posterior chambers (between lens and iris).

Anterior Chamber Details

• The anterior chamber measures approximately 2 to 2.5 mm; its walls consist of posterior corneal surface at front and iris at back.

Anatomy of the Eye: Understanding the Chambers and Aqueous Humor

Structure of the Anterior and Posterior Chambers

• The anterior chamber's posterior wall is defined by the lens, with its widest point determined by the corneal iridial angle, which is a crucial anatomical feature.

• The posterior chamber lies behind the iris; its anterior limit is formed by the posterior face of the iris, while its peripheral boundary consists of suspensory ligaments (ciliary zonule) connected to the lens.

• The free circumference of the posterior chamber is marked by the pupil's edge and central lens portion, whereas its largest circumference corresponds to the ciliary processes. This distinction highlights variations in chamber dimensions.

Role of Aqueous Humor in Eye Health

• Both anterior and posterior chambers are filled with aqueous humor, a fluid similar to vitreous humor but containing less hyaluronic acid. This liquid plays a vital role in maintaining intraocular pressure and overall eye health.

• Aqueous humor production occurs primarily through hilar processes and blood vessels within the iris; it flows from the posterior chamber through the pupil into the anterior chamber for nourishment and pressure regulation.

Intraocular Pressure and Glaucoma