Etapa 5. Vídeo 2. Secuencia de actuación del soporte vital básico. Ruta hacia el éxito profesional

Basic Life Support Protocol

Introduction to Basic Life Support

• The video introduces the sequence of actions for basic life support, emphasizing its importance in emergencies where breathing or circulation may stop.

• It is crucial to understand the process thoroughly; if unsure about any maneuver, seeking help is advised.

Initial Assessment and Safety

• The first step involves ensuring the scene is safe for both the rescuer and the victim before assessing consciousness.

• If a person does not respond, it indicates unconsciousness; calling emergency services (112) is essential while checking for breathing.

Opening Airway and Checking Breathing

• To open the airway of an unconscious person, they should be placed on their back on a hard surface with arms extended.

• The rescuer checks for breathing by observing chest movement and feeling for breath over 10 seconds. If breathing is present, place them in a recovery position.

Recovery Position Steps

• To place someone in the recovery position: kneel beside them, remove glasses or large objects from pockets, stretch legs out, and position one arm at a right angle.

• Ensure that their head remains tilted back to keep airways open while monitoring their condition until medical help arrives.

Responding When No Breathing Is Present

• If there’s no normal breathing, call emergency services (112), clearly stating that you have an unconscious non-breathing victim.

• Begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), starting with chest compressions at a depth of 5 cm at a rate of 100 per minute.

Performing CPR Effectively

• After 30 compressions, perform rescue breaths by sealing the victim's mouth after pinching their nose and ensuring proper airway alignment.

• Continue alternating between 30 compressions and 2 breaths until professional help arrives or spontaneous breathing resumes.

Special Considerations for Infants and Children

• For infants and children, initiate CPR with five rescue breaths before proceeding to compressions. Use two fingers for compressions on infants.

Emergency Response Protocol for Children

Basic Compression Techniques

• For children over one year, compressions should be performed with the base of the hand on the chest, adjusting technique based on size if necessary.

• The emergency response protocol involves securing the area, checking consciousness, and calling for help if unconscious. If conscious, actions depend on the situation.

Assessing Breathing and Positioning

• If a child is not breathing normally, ensure that emergency services (112) are alerted before starting resuscitation maneuvers.

• In cases of choking or airway obstruction during meals or play, assess if the person can cough or speak to determine airflow.

Handling Choking Situations

• Encourage coughing if possible; avoid back blows as they may worsen obstruction. If unable to cough or speak, immediate action is required.

• If choking persists and the victim becomes unconscious, perform back blows followed by abdominal thrusts using a fist positioned above the navel.

Abdominal Thrust Technique

• Alternate between five back blows and five abdominal thrusts until obstruction clears or emergency help arrives.

• If these methods fail and the victim loses consciousness, initiate CPR while waiting for emergency assistance.

Special Considerations for Infants

• For infants under one year old experiencing choking, hold them face down on your forearm and deliver up to five back blows between their shoulder blades.

• If obstruction continues after back blows, turn them over to perform chest compressions while maintaining support of their neck.

This structured approach ensures clarity in responding effectively to emergencies involving children.