December 2025 TOPIC WISE | GKToday 🎯 Full Month Current Affairs | GK Today Monthly Current Affairs

Welcome and New Year Greetings

Introduction to the Session

• The speaker welcomes everyone back to GK Today and wishes them a Happy New Year.

• Discussion will focus on December 2025's most important questions, with a selection of 250 questions from daily classes.

• Questions are categorized for better understanding, starting with Indian current affairs, government schemes, business economy, defense reports, environment and biodiversity.

Key Government Initiatives

Technology Center System Program (TCSP)

• TCSP is implemented by the Ministry of MSME (Micro Small and Medium Enterprises).

• The program aims to establish technology centers across India for skill development and employment enhancement.

• Launched in 2014, there are currently 18 technology centers with an additional proposal for nine more centers funded by a budget allocation of ₹200 crores.

Solar Agriculture Pumps Installation

• Maharashtra set a world record for installing the highest number of solar agriculture pumps in one month.

• The Maharashtra State Electricity Distribution Company Limited installed over 45,911 solar pumps aligning with PM KUSUM scheme.

National Intelligence Grid (NATGRID)

Overview of NATGRID

• NATGRID operates under the Ministry of Home Affairs to enhance security post the Mumbai attacks in 2008.

• It serves as a platform integrating data from various security agencies like RAW, IB, NCB for improved counter-terrorism efforts.

• Conceptualized in 2009 and operational since 2020, it consolidates criminal data and resident information.

Water Management Initiatives

Mission Watershed Revival

• Launched in Nagaland to revive traditional water bodies and strengthen water harvesting systems.

• Aims at sustainable water management aligned with national security goals; connects with MGNREGA scheme.

Jal Shakti Hackathon

• The Ministry of Jal Shakti launched the Jal Shakti Hackathon 2025 to promote innovation in the water sector.

• Alongside this initiative, the Bharat Vin portal was introduced to facilitate innovations within this domain.

Current Affairs Preparation and Updates

Daily Practice and Revision Tools

• The focus is on providing daily practice for those who prefer not to watch long videos, emphasizing smart learning through proper revision.

• The app updates four types of documents from Monday to Saturday, including a daily quiz with 20 straightforward MCQs based on the latest current affairs, which includes negative marking.

• A free discussion of these 20 questions occurs on the GK Today YouTube channel after the quiz.

Document Types Offered

• The second document provided is a Daily Digest that presents the same 20 questions without options but includes clear answers and explanations in an e-book format for quick revision.

• A monthly e-book review allows users to revise an entire month’s content in just 30 minutes, published in the first week of the next month.

Importance of Current Affairs

• Approximately 500 current affairs MCQs are available each month on the GK Today app, deemed sufficient for competitive exams preparation.

Government Initiatives and Schemes

PM Suryagarh Free Electricity Scheme

• Gujarat has topped rooftop solar installations under this scheme launched by the Government of India on February 15, 2024, targeting one crore households by FY 2026-27 with a budget allocation of ₹75021 crores.

AI-Powered Tool for Meeting Summarization

• The Ministry of Panchayati Raj introduced an AI-powered tool named "Sabhasar" for automated summarization of Gram Sabha and Panchayat meetings set to launch in 2025.

Operation Hindland Against Drug Manufacturing

• DRI dismantled a clandestine methadone manufacturing facility in Wardha, Maharashtra as part of Operation Hindland, seizing 128 kg of methadone linked to India's drug-free campaign initiated in 2020.

Recent Developments in Employment Schemes

MG NREGA Renamed

• The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MG NREGA), established in 2004 and implemented in 2005, has been renamed as "Poojya Bapu Gramin Rozgar Yojana," ensuring guaranteed employment for up to 125 days.

Atomic Energy Bill Introduction

• The Indian government introduced an Atomic Energy Bill aimed at commercializing nuclear energy and allowing private sector participation under its official name: "Sustainable Harnessing and Advancement of Nuclear Energy for Transforming India."

Government Initiatives and Education Reforms in India

Atomic Energy Bill and Sustainable Development

• The Government of India is promoting the "Atomic Energy Bill" aimed at sustainable harnessing and advancement of nuclear energy to transform India.

APAR ID System Updates

• The APAR ID system, which stands for Automated Permanent Academic Registry, allows students' data to be registered on a single platform by the Government of India.

• Recent guidelines from the Ministry of Education have made registration under the APAR ID system optional for parents and students, removing its mandatory status.

Hydro Power Project: Ratle

• The Ratle Hydro Power Project is being constructed on the Chenab River with a capacity of 850 MW in Jammu & Kashmir's Kishtwar district.

• Local authorities are interfering with construction; hence, the company has appealed to the Government of India for assistance in completing local cases affecting progress.

National Makhana Board Budget Allocation

• The Union Government allocated ₹476.03 crores for the National Makhana Board located in Purnia district, Bihar, as part of budget 256.

• This initiative aims to establish India as a hub for Makhana production, which is currently highest globally in India.

Higher Education Regulation Bill

• The "Vikasit Bharat Shiksha Adhistan Bill 2025" was approved by the Union Cabinet to streamline higher education regulations in India.

• Introduced by Education Minister Shri Dharmendra Pradhan, this bill aligns with NEP 2020 and promotes advanced studies like Master's and PhDs.

Centralized Public Grievances Redressal System (CPGRMS)

• Developed by the Department of Administrative Reforms and Public Grievances, CPGRMS has resolved 74% of pending complaints since 2021.

Project Mausam: Cultural Diplomacy Initiative

• Launched by the Ministry of Culture in 2014, Project Mausam focuses on cultural exchange among countries sharing coastal lines along the Indian Ocean.

• A recent workshop organized by ASI aimed at enhancing maritime cooperation through cultural understanding among participating nations.

Employment Guarantee Under Vikasit Bharat Mission

• The "Vikasit Bharat Guarantee for Employment and Livelihood Mission" guarantees 125 days of employment under its new framework with an allocated budget of ₹95,000 crores.

What is the Largest Producer of Makhana in the World?

Overview of Makhana Production

• The largest producer of Makhana globally is India, specifically Bihar, which accounts for 85% of India's production.

• Within Bihar, several districts serve as hubs for Makhana cultivation, with Darbhanga district being highlighted as a significant contributor.

What is the National Digital Livestock Mission?

Mission Objectives

• The Government of India has launched the National Digital Livestock Mission to create a comprehensive digital database for livestock and related services across the country.

• The mission aims to register approximately 35.96 crore animals and issue Aadhaar cards for them under a scheme known as "Pashu Aadhaar."

Where is the Arun III Hydroelectric Project Located?

Project Details

• The Arun III Hydroelectric Project is located in Nepal and developed by Satluj Jal Vidyut Nigam (SJVN).

• This project has a total capacity of 900 megawatts and is situated on the Arun River, which is a major tributary of the Koshi River.

What Recent Bill was Passed by Lok Sabha Regarding Insurance Laws?

Bill Highlights

• A bill titled "Sabka Bima, Sabki Raksha" was introduced in Lok Sabha to amend insurance laws for better protection of policyholders.

• This amendment aims to implement significant changes in insurance policies to enhance security for policyholders.

Which State Declared New District Hansi?

District Declaration

• Haryana's new district named Hansi has been officially declared, bringing the total number of districts in Haryana to 23.

• Chief Minister Nayab Singh Saini announced this declaration recently.

What is India's First Wildlife Safe Road?

Introduction of Wildlife Safe Road

• The National Highway Authority of India introduced India's first wildlife safe road on National Highway 45 in Madhya Pradesh.

• This initiative focuses on protecting wildlife near two reserves: Virangana Durgavati Tiger Reserve and Andra Dehi Wildlife Sanctuary.

What Campaign Did Meghalaya Launch for City Beautification?

City Development Initiative

• Meghalaya's Chief Minister Conrad K. Sangma launched a campaign called "My City" aimed at city beautification and development.

• Financial support ranging from ₹75,000 to ₹1 lakh will be distributed to authorities involved in public space improvement projects.

Which State Approved GIG Workers Act Recently?

Legislative Approval

• Jharkhand state government approved the platform-based GIG Workers Act recently, focusing on welfare measures for gig workers.

• Governor Santosh Gangwar's approval led to establishing a Gig Worker Welfare Board aimed at managing gig worker economy effectively.

Who Jointly Implements NPSDRR?

Disaster Risk Reduction Initiative

• The National Project for Strengthening Disaster Risk Reduction (NPSDRR) is jointly implemented by NDMA (National Disaster Management Authority) and Ministry of Panchayati Raj.

National Projects and Initiatives in India

National Budget Approval

• The approved budget amounts to ₹507.37 crores for a national project, which will be implemented across 20 states in India. This initiative is managed jointly by the Ministry of Panchayati Raj under Giriraj Singh and NDMA.

National Disaster Mitigation Fund

• The National Disaster Mitigation Fund (NDMF) is aligned with the National Policy on Disaster Management (NPSDRR), focusing on disaster management strategies. The fund allocated for this purpose is ₹202 crores.

Export of GI Tagged Products

• A Geographical Indication (GI) tagged product, "Indi Lime," is primarily grown in Vijayapura, Karnataka. Recently, Karnataka exported 3 metric tons of Indi Lime to Oman after a successful export to Dubai earlier in August.

Bureau of Port Security Functions

• The Bureau of Port Security operates under the Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways, led by Cabinet Minister Sarbananda Sonowal. It has been in the news due to its security management initiatives related to shipping and port facilities.

Merchant Shipping Act Relation

• The operations of the Bureau are governed by Section 13 of the Merchant Shipping Act 2025, which outlines regulations for maritime security management within Indian ports.

Innovative Transportation Initiatives

India's First Cooperative Taxi Network

• "Bharat Taxi" has been developed as India's first cooperative taxi network under the Ministry of Cooperation, similar to services like Rapido and Uber. This initiative allows drivers to be co-owners on the platform while aligning with digital governance missions initiated since 2015 and 2009 respectively.

Environmental Events and Heritage Projects

Chilai Kalan Weather Phenomenon

• Chilai Kalan refers to a significant cold period lasting about 40 days in Kashmir where temperatures can drop as low as -8.5°C during winter months, marking it as an important environmental event in India’s climate calendar.

National Maritime Heritage Complex (NMHC)

• NMHC is a flagship project aimed at showcasing India's maritime heritage through a museum established near Ahmedabad's Lothal site, developed collaboratively with the Netherlands via an MOU signed recently. This complex aims to promote maritime industry awareness among visitors.

Empowerment Programs for Women

Shakti Scholars Program Launch

• Launched by NCW (National Commission for Women), the Shakti Scholars program aims at empowering women aged between 21 and 30 years through research-based initiatives that promote policies beneficial for women's participation in various sectors with a fellowship amounting to ₹1 lakh over six months for research studies.

Regulatory Actions Against Airlines

Competition Commission Actions

• The Competition Commission of India (CCI) functions under the Ministry of Corporate Affairs and has recently filed complaints against Indigo Airlines regarding violations of aviation rules leading to regulatory actions being taken against them due to non-compliance issues identified during investigations conducted by CCI's headquarters located in New Delhi since its establishment in 2002.

Cultural Tribes Recognition

Palia Tribe Settlement Request

• The Palia tribe primarily found in Tamil Nadu and Kerala has submitted a petition requesting formal village status from district authorities concerning their settlement status; they are also known by other names such as Penayar or Palian within local contexts around Dindigul District near Western Ghats regions where they reside alongside other tribes like Sirumalai locals.

Gujarat's Pre-School Initiative with UNICEF

Overview of the Initiative

• The initiative launched in Dahod, Gujarat, aims to implement a pre-school program supported by UNICEF for children aged 3 to 6 years.

• This program is specifically designed to be applied within Anganwadi centers across the region.

Recent Developments in India's Metro Network

Expansion of Metro Services

• India has recently added its 26th city with an operational metro network, contributing to a total metro length of 1090 km nationwide.

• Bhopal has initiated a new metro line spanning 30.8 km as part of this expansion.

Vijaypath Program in Karnataka

Introduction and Goals

• The Vijaypath program was introduced in government schools in Karnataka as part of a corporate social responsibility initiative.

• Launched by Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman in December 2025, it focuses on skill development, digital literacy, and innovation among students.

National Forensic Infrastructure Enhancement Scheme

Purpose and Implementation

• This scheme aims to enhance India's forensic lab ecosystem and was launched by the Ministry of Home Affairs.

• It targets world-class forensic professionals and laboratory infrastructure over the financial years from 2024 to 2029.

Prime Minister's Formalization of Micro Food Processing Enterprises Scheme

Objectives and Impact

• The scheme seeks to formalize micro food processing enterprises within India’s unorganized sector.

• It aims at boosting development through loans sanctioned under this initiative, benefiting self-help groups (SHGs).

Prime Minister's Jeevan Yojana: Enhancing Farmer Income

Key Features

• Launched by the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas in 2019, this scheme focuses on increasing farmers' income through agricultural support.

• Recent data shared in Lok Sabha highlights both successes and failures within the scheme, including amendments made for biofuel projects.

Health Portal Development Under Central Sector Scheme

Focus on Tribal Health Records

• A health portal developed under a central sector scheme is focused exclusively on tribal groups' health records.

• The Ministry of Tribal Affairs confirmed that this platform will not include national-level databases but remain limited to tribal populations.

Capacity Building for Service Providers in Tourism Sector

Launch and Achievements

• Introduced during the budget for FY 2009–10, this scheme aims at skill development within both organized and unorganized tourism sectors.

• As per recent data, approximately 643,000 individuals have received training since its inception, with around 84,000 securing jobs.

Understanding the ASPIR Scheme and Related Initiatives

Overview of the ASPIR Scheme

• The full form of ASPIR is "Scheme for Promotion of Innovation, Rural Industries, and Entrepreneurship," aimed at boosting industry and entrepreneurship in India.

• Launched by the Ministry of MSME in 2015, it aims to set up a network to enhance entrepreneurship across India.

• A key feature of this scheme includes approval for 100 Livelihood Business Incubators (LBIs) to support entrepreneurial activities.

Telecom Technology Development Fund Scheme

• This initiative focuses on developing indigenous telecom technology for rural and remote areas, ensuring internet connectivity everywhere.

• Officially launched on October 1, 2022, its primary goal is to provide data networks nationwide.

Animal Husbandry Infrastructure Development Fund (AHIDF)

• The AHIDF was introduced under the Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan initiative launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi in 2020.

• Its main objective is to invest in animal husbandry infrastructure across the nation, implemented by the Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry & Dairying.

Development Communication and Information Dissemination Scheme

• Associated with the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, this central sector scheme aims to spread awareness about government initiatives among citizens.

• Recent updates regarding this scheme were presented in Lok Sabha discussions highlighting its importance in information dissemination.

Technology Incubation and Development of Entrepreneurs 2.0

• Launched by the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology in 2019 for a five-year period, this initiative seeks to boost entrepreneurship within the IT sector with a budget allocation of ₹264.62 crores.

National Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe Hub Scheme

• Implemented by the Ministry of MSME, this scheme targets enhancing entrepreneurship opportunities specifically for SC/ST candidates at a national level.

Geoparsi Scheme Implementation

• The Geoparsi scheme was initiated by the Ministry of Minority Affairs aiming at stabilizing and increasing the Parsi population through various programs since its launch in 2014.

Support to Poor Prisoners Scheme

• Launched by NCRB under the Ministry of Home Affairs in 2023, this program focuses on providing assistance to economically disadvantaged prisoners as part of their rehabilitation process.

PM Street Vendor's AtmaNirbhar Nidhi (PM SVANidhi)

• This scheme aims at supporting street vendors through financial assistance provided by the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs; it was launched in 2020 with plans running until 2030.

UPI Tips Interlinkage Initiative

• Recently announced by RBI (Reserve Bank of India), this initiative promotes cross-border payments with Euro area countries through UPI tips interlinkage aimed at enhancing international payment systems.( t =2911 s )

Second Nudge Initiative

• Launched by CBDT (Central Board Of Direct Taxes), it encourages Indian citizens to share data regarding their foreign assets with government authorities during tax filing processes.( t =2966 s )

India's First Integrated Financial City

• Amaravati has been designated as India's first integrated financial city focusing on comprehensive financial services development.( t =2987 s )

Financial Developments in India

Integrated Financial Cities and Digital Platforms

• The financial hub of Amaravati in Andhra Pradesh is highlighted, along with the GIFT City located in Gujarat as significant integrated financial cities.

• The National Industries Research and Development Council launched the IAD app, a digital platform for MSMEs providing a single-window solution for government approvals, market information, subsidies, export schemes, technology upgrades, and business opportunities.

Government Initiatives for MSMEs

• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) released the National Strategy for Financial Inclusion named "Panch Jyoti," which is a five-year plan running from 2025 to 2030.

• A new Credit Assessment Model (CAM) was introduced by the Ministry of MSME to facilitate digital loan assessments for MSMEs.

Domestic Systemically Important Banks (DSIB)

• Three banks were identified as Domestic Systemically Important Banks (DSIB): State Bank of India, HDFC Bank, and ICICI Bank by RBI due to their size and importance.

Foreign Investment Framework

• SEBI introduced a framework called "Swagat FDI" aimed at simplifying registration processes for foreign portfolio investors and venture capitalists to reduce repeated complaints.

Innovations in Banking Sector

• Fino Payment Bank became India's first RBI-approved Small Finance Bank (SFB), marking a significant development in the payment banking sector.

Enhancing Transparency in Financial Markets

• SEBI launched the Past Risk and Return Verification Agency to improve transparency within financial markets. This initiative has reportedly prevented potential fraud worth ₹660 crores over six months.

New Funding Initiatives

• IIT Bombay launched India's first incubator-linked deep tech venture capital fund aimed at fostering innovation in technology sectors.

Campaign for Unclaimed Financial Assets

• The Indian government initiated a campaign titled "Your Money. Your Right" to facilitate the settlement of unclaimed financial assets.

Long-term Policy Mechanism Approval

• A new policy mechanism named "Coal Setu Window" was approved by the Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs to create long-term coal linkages.

Introduction of Polymer Currency

• Oman introduced its first polymer one rial banknote set to circulate from January 11 as part of its digital payment system initiative.

International Monetary Fund Assistance

• The Rapid Financing Instrument (RFI), associated with IMF, provided $206 million assistance to Sri Lanka following Cyclone Dattwah's impact on the country.

Key Points about IMF

• IMF headquarters are located in Washington D.C., with 191 member countries; notably, Kosovo is an IMF member but not recognized by UN as an official country.

Recent Military Exercises and Developments in India

Joint Military Exercise: Harimau Shakti 25

• The exercise "Harimau Shakti 25" is a joint military exercise conducted between India and Malaysia.

• It took place at the Mahajan Field Firing Range in Rajasthan, with participation from the Indian Army's Dogra Regiment and the Malaysian Army.

C-130J Super Hercules Aircraft

• The C-130J Super Hercules aircraft is developed by the United States, specifically by Lockheed Martin.

• A Maintenance, Repair, and Overhaul (MRO) facility for this aircraft will be established in Bengaluru to enhance India's self-reliance in manufacturing.

INS Gharial Deployment

• INS Gharial was recently deployed to Sri Lanka under Operation Sagar Bandhu to assist during a cyclone.

• This vessel is an indigenous Landing Ship Tank built by Hindustan Shipyard Limited and was commissioned in 1997.

Indigenous Diving Support Craft

• The first indigenously designed diving support craft of the Indian Navy is named DSC A2, aimed at enhancing underwater operations.

• Designed by Titagarh Rail Systems Limited based in Kolkata, it was commissioned recently to bolster naval capabilities.

Man Portable Air Defense System (MANPADS)

• MANPADS are low-altitude defense missiles designed for shoulder-fired use against aerial threats like drones and low-flying aircraft.

• The Indian Army is considering these systems to improve its low-altitude air defense capabilities.

Exercise Ekta with Maldives

• Exercise Ekta is an annual bilateral maritime exercise conducted between India and Maldives since December 2017.

Recent Military Exercises Overview

• Other recent exercises include Desert Cyclone II with UAE and large-scale military exercises around Taiwan conducted by China.

Quad Field Training Exercise

• The first Quad field training exercise under the Indo-Pacific Logistics Network was held at Andersen Airbase in Guam with Russia.

Apache Attack Helicopters Acquisition

• The Indian Army has received three AH-64E Apache attack helicopters from the US, which were ordered for deployment in Jodhpur, Rajasthan.

Commissioning of Naval Squadron 335

• Naval Squadron 335 featuring MH60R helicopters was recently commissioned at INS Thasa located in Goa.

Indian Defense and Security Updates

MS 60R Helicopters Deployment

• The second squadron is set to utilize MS 60R helicopters, with the first deployment occurring in Kochi in March 2024.

• IAS Hansa, established in Goa in 1961, has been frequently used during the Goa International Air Show.

Exercise Desert Cyclone II

• This exercise was conducted with the UAE, specifically in Abu Dhabi, where the Indian Army participated. The correct answer for this event is option C.

ICGS Sarthak Overview

• ICGS Sarthak is classified as an Offshore Patrol Vessel (OPV), distinct from Fast Patrol Vessels (FPVs). It recently made its first port call at Chabahar Port in Iran.

• Built by Goa Shipyard Limited, it is part of a proposal for five OPVs aimed at anti-crime and coastal security operations. The full form of ICGS is Indian Coast Guard Ship.

Chabahar Port Significance

• Chabahar Port is located near the Gulf of Oman and falls within Iran's Sistan-Baluchestan province; it's often featured in exam questions regarding its geographical significance.

ICGS Amulya Classification

• Recently commissioned ICGS Amulya belongs to the Aditya class of FPVs, which includes a total of eight vessels; it was built by Goa Shipyard Limited under the Make in India initiative. The answer to its classification question is option C.

Dark Eagle Hypersonic Weapon Development

• The Dark Eagle long-range hypersonic weapon has been developed by the USA, specifically tested by both Army and Navy units; it’s a non-nuclear type weapon created jointly by Lockheed Martin and Northrop Grumman.

ASW SWC Delivery to Indian Navy

• The third Anti-Submarine Warfare Shallow Water Craft (ASW SWC) named IAS Anjdeep was delivered to the Indian Navy on December 22, 2025; designed by GRSE located in Kolkata, it features sonar equipment for detecting sea routes effectively.

Pollution Control Vessel Introduction

• The first Pollution Control Vessel (PCV) inducted by the Indian Coast Guard at Goa Shipyard Limited is named Samudra Pratap; it plays a crucial role in pollution control efforts along coastlines.

Women's Peace and Security Index Insights

• According to the WPS Index 2025 edition, India ranks 131 out of 181 countries surveyed; approximately 676 million women face negative effects from conflict situations since 2010—a significant increase noted over time.

Global Health Coverage Monitoring Report Release

• WHO and World Bank Group jointly released a report titled "Universal Health Coverage Global Monitoring Report," detailing global health service access and financial protection measures available worldwide.

AI Vibrance Index Ranking for India

• Stanford University ranked India third globally on their Artificial Intelligence Vibrance Index behind only the US and China among evaluated countries—36 were ranked overall based on AI assessments conducted across 67 nations' capabilities.

Employment Prospects Report Publication

• NCEER published a report titled "India's Employment Prospects: Pathway to Jobs" focusing on workforce quality and gender ratios within employment participation metrics as of December 2025.

Overview of Recent Reports and Rankings

Indian Global Investment Risk and Resilience Index

• The report highlights India's ranking at 104 in the Indian Global Investment Risk and Resilience Index, which assesses countries based on their performance during disasters.

• Countries are ranked according to their ability to minimize the impact of natural events due to pre-existing plans for facing such challenges.

Top Performing Countries

• Switzerland ranks first in the index, followed by Denmark and Norway. India is positioned at 104, with Singapore being the only Asian country in the top 10, holding fourth place.

• The United States ranks 24th while China is at 37th.

Doping Violations Report

• According to the latest World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) report, India recorded the highest number of doping violations in 2024, with a positive rate of 3.6%.

• WADA aims to promote clean sports globally; India's National Anti-Doping Agency (NADA), established in 2005, reported a total of 260 positive cases.

Education Report Release

• UNESCO published "The State of Education Report for India 2025," focusing on mother tongue education and its significance within India's educational framework.

International Big Cat Alliance Membership

• Russia became the 19th member of the International Big Cat Alliance (IBCA), initiated by India during President's visit in December.

• Launched in April 2023 during Project Tiger's anniversary celebration, IBCA promotes conservation efforts for seven types of wild cats including tigers and leopards.

Delhi Rich Management Board Establishment

• The newly constituted Delhi Rich Management Board (DRMB), given statutory powers under the Environmental Act of 1986, replaces previous boards responsible for environmental clearances.

• DRMB will serve as a single authority for all environmental decisions related to encroachments and forestation issues within Delhi.

Ramsar Site Recognition

• Siliserh Lake has been recently declared a Ramsar site located in Alwar district, Rajasthan. This brings India's total Ramsar sites to 96.

Cross-Border Cyber Fraud Activities

• A river was highlighted due to cross-border cyber fraud activities linking Thailand and Myanmar; illegal operations were reported involving individuals crossing this river from Gujarat.

Global Crackdown on Illegal Wildlife Trade

• Interpol conducted "Operation Thunder" across 134 countries targeting illegal wildlife and forestry trade; this operation revealed significant data regarding illicit activities affecting global biodiversity.

Wildlife Conservation and Environmental Initiatives in India

Location of Wildlife Sanctuaries

• The wildlife sanctuary discussed is located in Meghalaya, established in 2014, and is a protected area related to the Jaintia Hills.

COP 17 and Armenia's Role

• Armenia has unveiled its logo for COP 17 of the Convention on Biological Diversity, featuring blue butterflies. This landlocked country is situated in the Caucasus region, bordered by Turkey, Georgia, and Iran. It will host the event in October 2026.

Conservation Initiatives for Smooth-Coated Otters

• Tamil Nadu has launched conservation initiatives to protect smooth-coated otters in the Cauvery River Delta. The Bhima River is a major tributary of the Krishna River, with Karnataka raising concerns about Maharashtra's water usage violating agreements regarding Bhima River water.

Udanati Sita River Encroachment Issues

• In Chhattisgarh, authorities arrested 53 individuals for encroaching upon forest lands near the Udanati Sita River. This highlights ongoing issues with illegal land use and environmental protection efforts.

Indian Council of Forest Research Headquarters

• The headquarters of the Indian Council of Forest Research and Education is located in Dehradun under the Ministry of Environment & Forests. They are tasked with preparing district-wise reports on hills qualifying for mining purposes within the Aravalli range.

Unique Agricultural Practices: Kuttanad System

Kuttanad Agriculture System Overview

• Kuttanad is recognized as India's only agricultural system that supports rice cultivation below sea level, particularly famous for its paddy fields located in Kerala where soil tests indicate rich aluminum levels suitable for rice farming. This unique system is globally acknowledged as a Globally Important Agricultural Heritage System (GIAHS).

Recent Publications and Awards

Book Release: "India Reclaiming Our Real Identity"

• The book titled "India: Reclaiming Our Real Identity" was authored by Abhijit Jog and launched by IGNCA (Indira Gandhi National Centre for Arts) in New Delhi.

Global Humanitarian Award Recognition

• Anant Ambani became the youngest Asian recipient of a global humanitarian award presented recently in the US for founding Vantara.

UN Champions of Earth Awardees

• Janali Modi received recognition as one of 25 UN Champions of Earth while IAS officer Supriya Sahu was awarded for her contributions towards environmental sustainability efforts; both awards were conferred by UNEP (United Nations Environment Programme).

Notable Authors and Achievements

New Book Release: "The Art of Doing Nothing Right"

• Ajit Navraj Hans authored "The Art of Doing Nothing Right," released on December 25th this year.

Central Reserve Police Force Recognition

• Dinesh Kathak from CRPF received a central home minister's efficiency medal due to his service during significant events like Amarnath Yatra amidst various operational duties including COVID-19 management efforts.

Press Club Leadership Changes

First Woman President Appointment

• Sangeeta Barah Pisahouti has been appointed as the first woman president of Press Club India as part of recent leadership changes alongside other key appointments aimed at promoting free press advocacy since its establishment in 1958 headquartered in New Delhi.

Recent Developments in Indian Governance and Achievements

Autobiography of Shikhar Dhawan

• The autobiography titled "वर्न क्रिकेट माय लाइफ एंड मोर" is authored by Indian cricketer Shikhar Dhawan.

New Chief Information Commissioner of India

• Rajkumar Goyal has been appointed as the new Chief Information Commissioner (CIC), succeeding Heeralal Samariya, a 1990 batch IAS officer. His oath was administered by President Droupadi Murmu.

Right to Information Act

• The Central Information Commission was established under the Right to Information (RTI) Act, which was enacted in 2005 to address complaints against public authorities regarding information access.

Best Performing State Award in Energy Efficiency

• Karnataka won the first prize in Group One for the Best Performing State Award in Energy Efficiency for 2025, with Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, Assam, and Chandigarh winning in other groups. These awards were announced on National Energy Day on December 14th by Droupadi Murmu.

First Indian Organization to Win IEEE Corporate Award

• C-DOT (Centre for Development of Telematics) became the first organization from India to win the IEEE Standard Association Corporate Award, recognized for its contributions since its establishment under the Ministry of Telecommunications in 1984.

National Awards for Museums

• The National Council of Science Museums received two awards from the Ministry of Culture: one for "Best Use of Social Media" related to their "Every Home Museum Initiative," and another for "Waste to Art Publication." These awards promote museum activities and art in India.

First Woman Officer Graduating from IMA

• Sai Jadhav made history as the first woman officer to graduate from the Indian Military Academy (IMA) Dehradun at age 23. This achievement marks a significant milestone for women in military service.

Best International Airport Recognition

• Singapore's Changi Airport was awarded as the best international airport globally at India's Best Awards ceremony held recently. This recognition highlights its excellence among international airports.

NASA International Space Apps Challenge

• An Indian team named Fortnx Odyssey won the Most Inspirational Award at NASA's International Space Apps Challenge held recently in the USA, showcasing innovation and creativity among participants.

First Learning Disabled Artist Winner

• Neena Kalu became the first learning disabled artist to win a prestigious award known as Turn A Prize, which recognizes visually impaired artists across eight categories within British awards frameworks.

Book Release Honoring Atal Bihari Vajpayee

• Vasudev Devanani authored a book titled "सनातन संस्कृति की अटल दृष्टि," released by Vice President C.P. Radhakrishnan on December 25th during Good Governance Day celebrations honoring former PM Atal Bihari Vajpayee’s centenary anniversary.

Passing of Vinod Kumar Shukla

• Renowned author Vinod Kumar Shukla passed away; he was notable for his contributions to literature including works like "दीवार में एक खिड़की" and received several accolades such as Jananpith Award and Sahitya Akademi Award throughout his career.

Celebration of Intergenerational Bonding Program

• The Department of Social Justice and Empowerment organized a program titled “Celebration of Intergenerational Bond” aimed at strengthening emotional, social, and cultural ties between generations through various activities in Madhya Pradesh.

Hussain Sagar Lake News Update

• Hussain Sagar Lake located in Hyderabad is currently making headlines due to efforts by local authorities aimed at improving water quality; it is also referred to as Tank Bund and serves as a tributary to River Musi.

Postojna Cave Research Highlights

• Postojna Cave located in Slovenia gained attention due to researchers developing equations based on unique shapes found within it; this cave is part of Slovenia's natural heritage attracting scientific interest.

Geographical Highlights and Recent News

Ningaloo Reef in Australia

• Ningaloo Reef is located in Australia, sharing boundaries with Austria, Croatia, and Hungary. It has been highlighted in the news due to significant coral loss.

• The reef is under threat from intense marine heat waves, prompting UNESCO to classify it as a World Heritage site at risk.

Lake Urmia in Iran

• Lake Urmia has completely dried up and is situated in Iran. The country is employing cloud seeding methods to artificially induce rain.

• This lake is recognized as a Ramsar site and a UNESCO biosphere reserve.

Lake Biwa in Japan

• Lake Biwa, Japan's largest freshwater lake, recently gained attention after researchers discovered an ancient pottery vessel there.

Ellora Caves in Maharashtra

• The Ellora Caves are located in Maharashtra, India. A Scottish historian suggested that they are less popular than they should be and called for promotional efforts by the Maharashtra government.

• These caves are a UNESCO World Heritage site showcasing Buddhist, Hindu, Jain, Sufi, and Naga traditions.

Ashtamudi Lake Enhancement Program

• The Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute launched a stock enhancement program at Ashtamudi Lake located in Kerala.

Guinea-Bissau Military Rule

• Guinea-Bissau has recently come under military rule; it is part of Africa with Bissau as its capital.

Vithitra Island Military Presence

• Vithitra Island is located in Lakshadweep where India plans to boost its military presence by establishing an air force base.

Mount Kangto Summit Achievement

• Mount Kangto is the highest peak of Arunachal Pradesh. An Indian Army team successfully summited it for the first time.

Kilauea Volcano Eruption

• Kilauea Volcano in the U.S. was recently featured in the news due to its eruption; it includes a lava lake named Halemaʻumaʻu.

Death Valley National Park Weather Update

• Death Valley National Park recorded significant rainfall which restored water levels of an ancient lake within the park.

Hormuz Island Color Change

• Hormuz Island's coastal waters turned blood red overnight due to environmental changes; it's also known as Rainbow Island.

Hainan Island Development Plans

• Hainan Island belongs to China and is undergoing development aimed at transforming it into a Hong Kong-style city known as Coconut City.

Kavachi Volcano Shark Filming

• Kavachi Volcano located in the South Pacific Ocean was recently noted for scientists filming sharks inside this underwater volcano.

Yellowstone National Park Mud Eruption

• Yellowstone National Park made headlines due to rare footage of mud erupting from a black diamond pool shared by the US Geological Survey.

Human Rights Day Observance

Significance of Human Rights Day

• Human Rights Day is observed annually on December 10th since 1948 when it was adopted through the Universal Declaration of Human Rights by the UN.

Commemoration of Victims and International Days

Observance of Significant Dates

• The United Nations observes the "Dignity of the Victims of the Crime of Genocide" every year on December 9.

• International Universal Health Coverage Day is celebrated on December 12, while Vijay Diwas, marking India's victory over Pakistan in the 1971 war, is observed on December 16.

• Minority Rights Day is recognized annually on December 18.

Governance and Cleanliness Initiatives

• Good Governance Week will be launched by the Department of Administrative Reforms and Public Grievances in 2025, with Good Governance Day celebrated on December 25, coinciding with former PM Atal Bihari Vajpayee's birthday.

• The theme for Swachh Survekshan (Clean Survey) was "Swachhta Ki Nayi Pehal," emphasizing cleanliness initiatives. The recent edition was celebrated in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh.

Celebration of Notable Events

Mathematics and Cultural Festivals

• National Mathematics Day is observed on December 22 to honor Srinivasa Ramanujan's birth anniversary.

• The Divya Kala Mela is organized by the Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities to promote cultural awareness.

Agricultural Recognition

• National Farmers' Day (Kisan Diwas), celebrated on December 23, marks the birth anniversary of Chaudhary Charan Singh, known for his contributions to agrarian reforms in India.

Consumer Awareness and Sports Updates

Consumer Rights Celebration

• National Consumer Day is observed annually on December 24 to promote consumer rights awareness.

Sports Achievements

• Simranpreet Kaur Brar won a gold medal in women's 25-meter pistol event at the ISSF World Cup final held in Doha.

• India secured second place overall at the ISSF World Cup with a total medal tally including two gold medals.

International Competitions and Championships

Upcoming Sporting Events

• Thailand will host the Southeast Asian Games; India will participate in Commonwealth Kho-Kho Championship scheduled for March next year.

Squash World Cup Victory

• India won its first-ever Squash World Cup title by defeating Hong Kong during a match held in Chennai.

Recent Developments in Indian Sports

Golfing Achievements

• Sukhmant Singh from India won the IGU Indian Golf Union Amateur Gold Championship, defeating Harman Sachdeva. This championship is noted as one of the longest-running amateur match play events globally.

Football Championship Success

• East Bengal Football Club triumphed at the inaugural South Asian Football Federation Women's Club Championship by defeating Nepal's Armed Police Force team.

First Indian Woman Cricketer to Score Over 4000 Runs

Smriti Mandhana's Achievement

• The final match took place at Dasarath Stadium, Kathmandu, where Smriti Mandhana became the first Indian woman cricketer to score more than 4000 runs in T20 internationals.

• This record has been widely reported in the news, highlighting her as a significant figure in women's cricket.

Global Context

• Globally, she is only the second woman to achieve this milestone, following New Zealand's Suzie Bates.

Technological Developments and Collaborations

Google’s TPU Development

• In 2016, Google developed the Tensor Processing Unit (TPU) aimed at strengthening artificial intelligence capabilities.

• Meta is interested in collaborating with Google to utilize TPUs for enhancing their AI technologies.

ISRO and Technology Transfers

• New Space India Limited operates under ISRO's administrative control and has signed 70 technology transfer agreements recently to commercialize various fields.

Chandrayaan Missions and Lunar Exploration

Chandrayaan 3 Landing

• Chandrayaan 3 successfully landed on the Moon's South Pole on August 23, 2023. This date is also observed as National Space Day in India.

Payload Detection

• The payload detected an active plasma environment at the Moon’s South Pole. Plasma is considered the fourth state of matter after solid, liquid, and gas.

Innovative Transportation Solutions

Hydrogen-Powered Water Taxi Service

• India launched its first hydrogen-powered water taxi service in Varanasi, inaugurated by Union Minister Sarbananda Sonowal.

Recent Medical Advancements

Antimalarial Drug Development

• A new antimalarial drug targeting Plasmodium parasites was mentioned recently in news reports.

India’s Technological Innovations

Dhruv 64 Microprocessor

• CDAC developed India's first 1.0 GHz microprocessor named Dhruv 64 to reduce import dependency on microprocessors.

NATO Developments and Projects

BharatNet Project Goals

• Launched in 2011 under the Ministry of Telecommunications, BharatNet aims for broadband connectivity across all gram panchayats aligning with Digital India's vision initiated in 2015.

Safety Enhancements in Railways

Automatic Train Protection System

• Developed by RDSO (Research Design & Standards Organization), this system enhances safety measures across railway networks covering up to 2000 km by December.

ISRO Initiatives for Academic Collaboration

Respond Basket Launch

• ISRO launched Respond Basket to collaborate with top universities for upcoming missions like Chandrayaan IV and Gaganyaan.

Space Exploration Milestones

Space Laboratory Initiative

• IN-SPACe initiated a space laboratory program aimed at promoting space technology training among students from selected colleges and universities.

Historic Space Travel Achievements

First Wheelchair User in Space

• s Mila Banthos from Germany will become the first wheelchair user to travel into space through Blue Origin's mission led by Jeff Bezos.

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Recent Developments in Indian Conferences and Events

WhatsApp Account Hacking Warning

• The Indian Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT-IN) issued a warning about a new technique for hacking WhatsApp accounts, highlighting the importance of cybersecurity awareness.

AI-Based Lab Assistance by IIT Delhi

• IIT Delhi has developed an AI-based lab assistance system named AILA, showcasing advancements in artificial intelligence applications in educational settings.

National Conference on Public Service Commissions

• Telangana hosted the 25th National Conference of State Public Service Commissions, emphasizing collaboration among various state bodies to enhance public service efficiency.

Vision for Sujalam Bharat Summit 2025

• The Sujalam Bharat Summit 2025 was inaugurated in New Delhi by Union Minister Jal Shakti, focusing on water conservation and management strategies.

Security Dimensions at Police Conference

• The 60th All India Conference of Directors General and Inspector Generals of Police took place in Raipur, Chhattisgarh, with the theme "Developed India Security Dimension," addressing national security challenges.

Global Telecommunications Development Conference

• The World Telecommunications Development Conference (WTDC) was held in Baku, Azerbaijan, focusing on global telecom development issues and strategies for improvement.

International Seafood Expo and Summit

• Kochi hosted the 7th India International Seafood Expo from January 29 to 30. This event is organized jointly by several institutions including the Indian Chamber of Commerce and aims to gather global seafood industry stakeholders.

Global Energy Leader Summit

• Odisha will host the Global Energy Leader Summit (GELS), focusing on powering India's energy efficiency through innovation and sustainable practices.

International Education Conferences

• Various international conferences were discussed including one organized by CBSE in Dubai with themes aligned with NEP 2020 aimed at enhancing educational frameworks globally.

Regional AI Impact Conference

• Odisha also hosted a regional conference focused on AI's impact on governance and public services, reflecting growing interest in technology integration within government operations.

Anti-Corruption Initiatives

• Qatar hosted the 11th edition of the UN Convention Against Corruption conference where significant declarations regarding anti-corruption measures were adopted.

This structured summary captures key insights from recent events related to public service commissions, technological advancements, international summits, and anti-corruption initiatives while providing timestamps for easy reference.

Sharing Agreement Between India and Russia

Overview of the Agreement

• The sharing agreement between India and Russia was adopted in February 2025, focusing on military cooperation.

• The main goal is to facilitate fuel supply, maintenance, and repair services for military forces from both countries.

Recent Developments

• This agreement was renewed during a recent meeting with the President of India.

CUTS International's Trade Initiative

Introduction to CUTS International

• CUTS International is a global public policy think tank founded in 1983 in India, focusing on economic policies and sustainable development.

• Recently, they launched a trade initiative aimed at reforming the World Trade Organization (WTO).

Joint Agricultural Venture with Israel

Collaboration Details

• India has partnered with Israel to launch Semifair Limited, promoting sustainable agricultural technologies.

• This collaboration marks India's first globalization effort for its Semifair technology, establishing manufacturing units outside India.

Product Focus

• The joint venture will produce pheromones globally; these chemicals are used for territory marking and alarm signaling among organisms like ants.

India's Participation in Global Initiatives

Pexelica Controversy

• Pexelica is an initiative led by the USA that recently made headlines due to India's withdrawal as a member amid political tensions between the two nations.

International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)

Role and Achievements

• IFAD is a specialized agency of the UN established in 1977 focused on rural development finance. Recently, India showcased its achievements in rural poverty alleviation at an IFAD conference in Rome.

Political Updates: New Leadership in Chile

New President Announcement

• José Antonio Kast has been appointed as the new president of Chile, located on South America's western edge along the Pacific Ocean coast.

Recognition of Indian PM by Ethiopia

Honor Received

• Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi became the first world leader to receive Ethiopia’s honor recently amidst international recognition events.

UN Alliance of Civilizations Sponsorship

Founding Countries

• Spain and Turkey sponsored the establishment of the UN Alliance of Civilizations (UNAOC), which promotes religious harmony through initiatives like Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam highlighted by India during an event in Riyadh.