Cromwell (1970) - FREE MOVIE

Name: Cromwell (1970) - FREE MOVIE
Uploaded: 2026-02-02T21:00:52.000Z
Duration: 4 h 38 min 48 s

Discussion on Leaving England

Introduction of Characters and Context

The scene opens with a conversation between Mr. Cromwell, Mr. Arton, and John, indicating a farewell as Cromwell prepares to leave for America.

Mr. Arton expresses concern about Cromwell's departure, hinting at the significance of his decision.

Reasons for Departure

Cromwell explains that he is leaving due to the corruption and greed prevalent in England, which he believes is detrimental to his family’s future.

He reflects on his past advocacy for common people's rights in Parliament but feels disillusioned by the current state of affairs.

Critique of Governance

Cromwell criticizes the monarchy for prioritizing wealth over principles, stating that the king exploits both rich and poor citizens.

He highlights how Parliament has been silenced by the king's actions, leading to tyranny and oppression.

Concerns About Civil War

Discussion on Potential Conflict

The conversation shifts towards an impending war; John questions who they would be fighting against if not Scotland.

Tensions rise as it becomes clear that there are fears of civil unrest against the king himself.

Ideological Differences

A disagreement emerges regarding whether armed conflict against the king is justified; some characters express strong opposition to such ideas.

The notion that God supports those who wage war is challenged, suggesting moral complexities surrounding warfare.

Conflict Over Land Rights

Confrontation with Authority

A chaotic scene unfolds where common people resist authority figures claiming land rights under royal decree.

The dialogue reveals deep-seated tensions regarding land ownership and legal authority in relation to common people's rights versus royal power.

Legal Justifications

Lord Manchester asserts his claim based on royal authority while others argue this contradicts existing laws meant to protect commoners' rights.

The Tensions of Authority and Belief

The Claim to Land and Authority

A character asserts that the land belongs to the people, emphasizing a communal ownership against perceived trespassers.

The dialogue reflects a hierarchical structure with references to ranks and authority, indicating tensions between social classes.

Religious Conflict and Political Intrigue

A prayer is offered, highlighting the intertwining of faith and governance; an edict from the Archbishop raises questions about religious authority.

Concerns are voiced regarding the King's potential actions that could undermine Protestant beliefs, questioning his loyalty to the Reformation.

Military Readiness and Governance Challenges

Discussion shifts to military readiness as Scottish rebels pose a threat; urgency in addressing both Scottish and Irish issues is emphasized.

The Earl of Straford is summoned due to escalating tensions; he acknowledges the dire situation with Scottish rebels marching on Newcastle.

Financial Constraints on Power

A debate arises over raising an army amidst financial limitations; concerns about loyalty among Englishmen are raised.

The cost of mobilizing an effective army against Scotland is highlighted as nearly a million pounds, stressing fiscal challenges faced by the Crown.

Parliament's Role in Governance

Calls for summoning Parliament arise as a means to secure funding for military efforts; this indicates shifting power dynamics.

Tensions escalate as Parliament refuses money for the King without conditions, asserting its role as a voice for grievances rather than mere compliance.

Crown and Parliament: A Struggle for Power

The Crown's Authority Over Parliament

The speaker argues that the Crown is relinquishing authority over Parliament, highlighting the influence of Puritan leaders like John Pym and John Hampden. They are portrayed as Englishmen who challenge royal power, which frustrates the speaker.

There is a strong condemnation of those who mock the crown and abuse free speech, indicating a tension between loyalty to the monarchy and dissenting voices in Parliament. The speaker expresses discomfort with this dissent.

Arresting Dissenters

A discussion unfolds about arresting opponents of the Crown, revealing a conflict between maintaining order and adhering to legal principles. The speaker emphasizes that proper charges are necessary for arrests to avoid undermining fundamental laws.

Another character insists on needing a warrant for arrests, showcasing the procedural complexities involved in dealing with political opposition within legal frameworks. This highlights tensions between authority and legality.

Impeachment Proceedings

An urgent matter arises when it is revealed that warrants have been issued for the arrest of members of Parliament on charges of high treason, implicating Lord Strafford directly in these actions. This escalates tensions significantly within the assembly.

Members express their belief that King Charles has been poorly advised regarding these actions against them, suggesting a divide between royal intentions and parliamentary sentiments. They argue against hastily condemning the king himself while holding his advisors accountable instead.

Calls for Constitutional Reform

A motion is proposed demanding Lord Strafford's arrest based on high treason against the people, reflecting deep-seated frustrations with governance and calls for accountability from those in power. This marks a pivotal moment in asserting parliamentary rights over royal prerogatives.

As votes are cast on this motion, there’s an overwhelming support from members indicating unity among them despite previous divisions; this signifies a critical shift towards asserting parliamentary sovereignty over royal authority.

Loyalty Amidst Conflict

In addressing all parties present, one member emphasizes their collective allegiance to the sovereign while expressing anxiety over unresolved differences—indicating an ongoing struggle to balance loyalty with demands for reform within governance structures.

The argument surfaces that without representation by will of the people through constitutional reforms, Parliament risks becoming irrelevant—a significant assertion about democratic principles emerging during this period of conflict between monarchy and parliamentarianism.

Democracy vs Monarchy

A debate emerges around relinquishing monarchical powers over Parliament; one character passionately defends his commitment to England's laws while fearing being reduced to a mere figurehead under parliamentary control—highlighting fears surrounding loss of royal authority amidst rising democratic ideals.

The concept of democracy is introduced critically as being rooted in ordinary people's potential but also seen as risky by some characters who prefer traditional hierarchies—this reflects broader societal debates about governance during tumultuous times in England’s history.

Urgency Against External Threats

Concerns arise regarding Scottish rebels invading England while internal conflicts distract from external threats; this urgency underscores how political strife can weaken national defense efforts against foreign adversaries—a crucial point made amid discussions about church protection too amidst civil unrest at home versus abroad issues like Irish colonization struggles faced by England at this time frame .

One character challenges another’s reluctance toward defending both church interests abroad versus engaging with domestic policy matters—illustrating how intertwined religious beliefs were with political strategies during these historical events leading up towards greater conflicts ahead .

Parliament's Grievances and the King's Response

Presentation of Grievances

A representative from Parliament presents a document outlining grievances, asserting that the demands are just and lawful for both the Crown and Kingdom.

The speaker emphasizes loyalty to the Crown while expressing disappointment in the king's actions, highlighting a warrant for arrest against key members of Parliament.

Tensions Rise

Urgency is expressed regarding unresolved issues between the king and his country, warning that they may lead to national division.

Alarm spreads as news of a royal warrant for arrests circulates; Oliver Cromwell’s name is mentioned specifically.

The King's Arrival

The king arrives with armed men, infringing on parliamentary privilege by attempting to arrest members without their consent.

The Speaker of Parliament asserts that any action against its members constitutes a breach of privilege.

Declaration Against Royal Actions

A motion is made to declare any attack on Parliament members as public enemy actions, framing it as treason against the nation.

Concerns are raised about potential civil war due to the king's actions in Parliament.

The Call for Defense

Demand for Control

A plea is made in God’s name for Parliament to take control of military forces, indicating an immediate need for defense preparations.

Civil War Realization

Characters express personal concerns amidst rising tensions; discussions reflect on familial duties and responsibilities during this tumultuous time.

Preparation for Battle

Rallying Forces

Characters discuss readiness and divine support as they prepare for conflict, emphasizing their commitment to justice.

Introduction of Key Figures

Prince Rupert is introduced among allies, showcasing camaraderie and determination before battle commences.

Anticipation Before Conflict

Strategic Discussions

Military leaders converse about positioning troops strategically while acknowledging reluctance towards warfare.

Final Preparations

Emotional farewells occur among characters as they prepare mentally and spiritually for impending conflict.

Prayer Before Battle

Seeking Divine Intervention

A heartfelt prayer is offered seeking strength from God in battle, reflecting deep faith amid uncertainty.

Battle Preparations and Tensions

Initial Confrontation

The dialogue opens with a sense of urgency as characters discuss the timing for battle, indicating a buildup of tension and anticipation.

A character expresses frustration over the delay, emphasizing their hunger and eagerness to engage in combat.

There is a strong declaration that English blood will not be shed by foreign mercenaries, highlighting national pride and the stakes involved.

Command Confusion

Commands are shouted amidst chaos, revealing disorganization within the ranks as they prepare for battle.

An artillery command is given, showcasing the military strategy being employed while also reflecting on personal faith during tumultuous times.

The Battle Begins

Orders and Retreat

The order to fire is repeated multiple times, illustrating the intensity of the moment as troops are urged to advance.

A sudden retreat is ordered unexpectedly, leading to confusion among commanders about maintaining discipline in battle.

Leadership Challenges

A character questions another's decision-making under pressure, indicating internal conflict regarding leadership during warfare.

The discussion shifts towards accountability in leadership; blaming soldiers for failures reflects deeper issues within command structures.

Reflections on War

Morale and Strategy

One character expresses disdain for untrained soldiers versus gentlemen’s sons, suggesting class disparities affect morale and effectiveness in battle.

A resolve emerges from Cromwell to return to Cambridge to recruit better-trained men, indicating strategic planning beyond immediate conflict.

Tactical Decisions

Cromwell emphasizes his determination to win battles through careful selection of troops rather than relying on current forces deemed inadequate.

Cromwell's Resolve

Strategic Insights

News arrives about Cromwell's army positioning; this highlights intelligence gathering as crucial for military success.

Cromwell confronts betrayal regarding troop movements; he prepares mentally for an uphill battle against overwhelming odds.

Final Preparations Before Engagement

Call to Arms

Despite being outnumbered, Cromwell rallies his troops with historical references (Gideon), instilling hope through faith rather than sheer numbers.

Execution of Plans

Orders are issued clearly for attack formations; this showcases tactical precision even amid uncertainty about victory.

Climactic Moments of Battle

Chaos of Combat

As fighting ensues, commands become frantic; this illustrates the chaotic nature of war where clarity can quickly dissolve into disorder.

The Outrageous Incompetence of the High Command

Critique of Leadership and War Strategy

The speaker expresses frustration with the High Command's incompetence, suggesting that even generals Essex and Manchester would be better leaders for ensuring victory.

He argues that their reluctance to pursue the war vigorously is treacherous to both their cause and the nation, emphasizing the dire consequences of losing.

The speaker calls for Parliament to fully support the war effort, threatening to lay down his sword if they do not act decisively.

A motion is proposed for immediate resignation of the High Command due to their inability to effectively lead the armed forces.

Colonel Cromwell is nominated as Commander-in-Chief, highlighting a shift in leadership strategy needed for success in battle.

Military Movements and Strategic Decisions

Urgent aid is requested for Bristol, indicating its strategic importance in the ongoing conflict against Rupert's forces.

Discussion about markers from Huntley's army reveals recent military developments and challenges faced by Cromwell's forces.

The need for time is emphasized; holding Oxford could allow reinforcements from Scotland, showcasing reliance on external support.

Concerns are raised about potential alliances with Catholic forces in Ireland, reflecting complex political dynamics at play during wartime.

Tensions Between King and Advisors

The King’s duty as Defender of Faith clashes with proposals involving Catholic allies, revealing deep-seated religious tensions within political strategies.

A refusal to accept defeat leads to a willingness to negotiate with any party rather than surrendering power or territory. This highlights desperation amidst military setbacks.

The King's past actions against Catholics in Ireland complicate current negotiations for support, illustrating hypocrisy and shifting allegiances during crises.

Conditions for Irish Support

Specific conditions are laid out by an envoy regarding Irish military assistance: restoration of Catholic rights and closure of Protestant churches in Ireland are non-negotiable demands from His Holiness.

The King's coronation oath as head of the English Church presents a significant barrier to accepting these terms, underscoring conflicts between personal beliefs and political necessities.

Confrontation Between King Rupert

Prince Rupert’s arrival brings news of Bristol's fall; this moment signifies a critical turning point in morale among royalist supporters amid growing dissent over military failures.

An intense confrontation occurs where Rupert faces accusations of failing his promises regarding Bristol’s defense; this reflects broader themes of accountability within leadership roles during warfare.( t = 4679 s )

The Struggle for Power and Authority

The King's Command and Family Ties

A plea for mercy is made, highlighting the tension between loyalty to family and duty to the crown. The character expresses a desire to stay with his father while also acknowledging the need for deportation.

Charles is instructed to support his mother in raising funds, indicating a shift in responsibility as he prepares for potential leadership in England.

An arrest is ordered under Parliament's command, showcasing the conflict between royal authority and parliamentary power.

The Army's Role in Political Decisions

A discussion arises about the authority of Parliament versus that of the King, emphasizing the stakes of civil war fought over this very issue.

News of John Pym's death leads to discussions on peace terms, revealing divisions within military ranks regarding political negotiations.

A call to action emerges as one character suggests marching on Parliament if they disband the army, reflecting deep frustrations with political maneuvers.

Negotiations and Betrayals

Accusations of treachery arise when discussing peace terms dictated by the King rather than negotiated through Parliament, questioning democratic principles post-civil war.

Tensions escalate as it becomes clear that neither side will yield without guarantees from the other; both sides are entrenched in their positions regarding negotiations.

The Dilemma of Leadership

A declaration is made that liberties fought for must be guaranteed before any disbandment occurs, illustrating a commitment to principles over personal safety or comfort.

Cromwell’s arrival signifies a pivotal moment where he asserts his role not just as a military leader but as someone who represents popular sentiment against tyranny.

Future Governance and Ambitions

Cromwell presents terms directly to the King, challenging traditional power dynamics by asserting that Parliament no longer represents true national interests.

The conversation reveals Cromwell’s belief in an England governed by respect rather than fear; he envisions a monarchy that embodies these ideals.

Mutual respect develops between Cromwell and another lord despite initial misjudgments about ambition; they discuss governance structures moving forward.

Cromwell's Betrayal and the Call for Justice

The Discontent with Cromwell

A soldier expresses deep betrayal by Cromwell, emphasizing their sacrifices in the war against the king. He questions what freedom will remain if Cromwell negotiates with the monarchy.

Another soldier calls for action, urging a march on London to seize Parliament, asserting that they fought to remove the king, not restore him.

The Tension Among Soldiers

A general confronts mutineers, declaring their actions treasonous and reminding them of military law regarding mutiny. He expects loyalty from his men.

A soldier defends his loyalty to God and country while accusing another of betraying their cause by negotiating with the king.

The Demand for Accountability

The general labels dissent as a "military cancer," indicating severe consequences for those inciting rebellion within ranks.

Sir Edward reveals that King Charles has ignored terms proposed by Parliament and is secretly planning a new civil war with foreign support.

Accusations Against King Charles I

A soldier declares he no longer recognizes Charles as worthy of kingship, demanding his trial for treason due to his actions against Parliament.

The speaker condemns Charles as obstinate and treacherous, insisting he must stand trial for high treason against England.

Proceedings of the Court

The court formally charges King Charles I with high treason, detailing accusations of tyranny and undermining people's rights during his reign.

Further charges are laid out against him regarding instigating war against Parliament and committing various atrocities during this conflict.

King's Response to Charges

In response to accusations, King Charles questions the authority of the court judging him, asserting his divine right as king.

He refuses to acknowledge the court's legitimacy or answer its demands until proper authority is established.

Stalemate in Court Proceedings

Despite being urged for an answer by the court, King Charles maintains silence on grounds of questioning its authority over him.

Witnesses are called forth; Sir Edward Hyde testifies about secret meetings between King Charles and Catholic leaders aimed at raising armies against parliamentary forces.

This structured summary captures key discussions surrounding betrayal, accountability, and justice during a pivotal moment in English history. Each bullet point links directly back to specific timestamps in order to facilitate further exploration of these themes.

Trial of a King

The Legality of the Trial

The court is informed that there is no evidence against the king, raising questions about the legitimacy of bringing a monarch to trial.

A debate ensues regarding whether the king is answerable to his subjects or solely to God, emphasizing differing views on royal accountability.

Concerns are expressed about the authority of the commission conducting the trial, with claims that only Parliament has lawful power over such matters.

The Nature of Governance

A distinction is made between England and its king, asserting that the survival of England itself is at stake rather than just that of the monarchy.

Accusations against the king include dishonesty and treason, suggesting he is unfit to govern due to his actions.

Peace vs. Retribution

One character expresses a desire for peace rather than vengeance against the king, indicating a conflict between personal principles and political necessity.

A proposal is made for negotiations with the king, offering him terms under which Parliament would govern instead.

Judgment and Sentencing

A warrant for execution on charges of high treason is presented; however, not all parties agree with signing it.

The court declares a guilty verdict leading to a death sentence by beheading, highlighting tensions within those involved in delivering justice.

Final Moments and Reflections

As preparations for execution unfold, one character insists on their right to speak despite being silenced by authority figures.

An offer emerges involving financial compensation for sparing the king's life; this bribe is rejected as an insult to personal integrity.

Acceptance of Fate

References are made to biblical events paralleling current circumstances as characters prepare for what lies ahead.

In his final moments, one character expresses forgiveness towards those who condemned him while maintaining his commitment to peace in death.

Abolition of the Monarchy and Rise of Parliament

The End of Monarchy

The speaker declares the abolition of the monarchy, emphasizing a new era with "Long live Parliament" and "Long live the Republic."

A desire for peace is expressed, indicating a longing for tranquility after the turmoil of war.

Governance and Leadership

Discussion arises about the need for a head of state, questioning whether Parliament alone can govern effectively.

The argument is made that a king is necessary; however, there’s resistance to this idea as it contradicts recent history.

Resistance to Power

The speaker rejects the notion of being crowned King Oliver I, expressing disdain for power symbols like crowns.

A strong statement against absolute power is made, asserting that their actions were not driven by ambition or desire for control.

Representation and Rights

Emphasis on inclusivity in governance; every citizen deserves a voice regardless of social status.

Critique of Parliament's corruption and self-interest; calls into question its legitimacy as representatives of the people.

Call for Reform

A motion is proposed to extend parliamentary power without reelection, highlighting concerns over accountability.

Reflection on past hopes for good governance reveals disappointment in current leadership marked by anarchy and division.

Dissolution of Parliament

Strong condemnation directed at Parliament members who are deemed unfit to govern; declaration made to dissolve it entirely.

An impassioned speech denounces corrupt practices within Parliament, equating them to running a brothel.

Vision for Future Governance

A commitment to just governance based on divine guidance is proclaimed; intent to restore national dignity emphasized.

Aspirations articulated include building educational institutions and ensuring prosperity through godly principles.

Oliver Cromwell's Vision for Governance

Commitment to Governance

The speaker expresses a deep commitment to the nation, invoking the name of God and pledging to ensure proper governance, even if it means taking on the responsibility alone.

A prayer for strength is articulated, highlighting the personal burden and determination involved in leading effectively.

Oliver Cromwell's Leadership

Reference is made to Oliver Cromwell, who served as Lord Protector of England for five years.

During his tenure, Cromwell significantly elevated England’s status as a formidable power on the global stage.

His leadership was characterized by respect and fear from other nations, indicating a successful consolidation of power.