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Quels sont les Trois types de raisonnement scientifique ?
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Quels sont les Trois types de raisonnement scientifique ?

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This section discusses the three forms of scientific reasoning: deduction, induction, and abduction.

Deduction in Scientific Reasoning

  • Deduction involves starting with existing theoretical frameworks and hypotheses to test them.
  • The hypothetico-deductive method uses universal propositions like laws or theories to derive testable hypotheses.

Induction in Scientific Reasoning

  • Induction starts from empirical observations without pre-existing knowledge to generate a theory rooted in data.
  • It moves from specific facts to general laws or theories for broader applicability.

Abduction as a Less Known Form of Reasoning

  • Abduction, introduced by Pierce and developed by Kuni, differs from induction by drawing conjectures from observations for testing.
  • It prompts researchers to question existing theories when faced with unexplainable phenomena, fostering creativity and critical thinking.

New Section

This part explores the distinctions between deduction, induction, and abduction in scientific reasoning.

Comparison of Deduction, Induction, and Abduction

  • Deduction asserts that something must be true based on logical premises.
  • Induction demonstrates that something is likely true based on observed evidence.
Video description

Cette vidéo présente les trois modes de raisonnements scientifiques, à savoir l'induction, la déduction et l'abduction. Repérer le type de raisonnement utilisé dans un article ou un rapport de recherche permet de mieux comprendre les présupposés du chercheur et sa stratégie argumentative. Traduction / Translation : This video presents the three modes of scientific reasoning, namely induction, deduction and abduction. Identifying the type of reasoning used in an article or research report allows us to better understand the researcher's presuppositions and argumentative strategy. Auteur.e.s / Author.s : MEIER Olivier, Professeur des Universités -LIPHA, Université Paris Est IUTSF Sénart Institutions : Université Paris Est IUTSF Sénart Retrouvez-nous sur / Follow us on : Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/fnegemedias X : https://twitter.com/fnege_medias LinkedIn : https://www.linkedin.com/company/fneg Notre site / Our website : https://fnege-medias.fr/