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La Caída del Imperio Incaico - La Guerra Civil Inca # 1
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La Caída del Imperio Incaico - La Guerra Civil Inca # 1

The Fall of the Inca Empire

This section provides an introduction to the controversial events surrounding the fall of the Inca Empire and sets the stage for further exploration.

The Inca Civil War

  • Huayna Capac, the twelfth Inca, expanded the empire's borders and devoted his last years to pacifying the northern edge.
  • Huayna Capac contracted smallpox, a disease introduced by European explorers, leading to his death.
  • Ninan Cuyochi was designated as Huayna Capac's heir but died of smallpox before officially becoming Sapa Inca.
  • With Huayna Capac and Ninan Cuyochi dead, a succession crisis arose within the empire.
  • Power within the Inca Empire was transferred from father to son, but in case of a succession crisis, it was expected that the smartest and most skilled son would rise as heir.
  • Huascar was crowned Sapa Inca in Cusco with support from royal families, while Atahualpa stayed in Quito.
  • Atahualpa and Huascar were half-brothers with contrasting personalities.
  • Enraged by Atahualpa's absence at his coronation, Huascar launched a military campaign against him, starting the Inca Civil War.

The Battle for Succession

  • Atahualpa had an advantage with his father's troops led by experienced generals Calcuchímac, Quisquis, and Rumiñahui.
  • Huascar had to raise an army to confront Atahualpa's forces.
  • Despite initial victories for Huascar's army under General Atoc, they were eventually defeated and captured by Atahualpa's forces.
  • Atahualpa's generals slowly pushed towards Cusco until reaching its outskirts.
  • The decisive battle took place in Huanacopampa, where Huascar's army achieved a resounding victory against Atahualpa's forces.

The Fall of the Inca Empire: Episode 1

This section introduces the first episode of the series, focusing on the Inca Civil War and its impact on the fall of the Inca Empire.

The Inca Civil War

  • Huayna Capac's death led to a succession crisis between his sons Huascar and Atahualpa.
  • Power within the empire was traditionally transferred from father to son, but in case of a succession crisis, other factors such as intelligence and skill came into play.
  • Huascar was crowned Sapa Inca in Cusco with support from royal families, while Atahualpa stayed in Quito.
  • The contrasting personalities of Atahualpa and Huascar further fueled tensions between them.
  • Enraged by Atahualpa's absence at his coronation, Huascar launched a military campaign against him, starting the Inca Civil War.

The Battle for Succession

  • Atahualpa had an advantage with his father's experienced troops led by generals Calcuchímac, Quisquis, and Rumiñahui.
  • Despite initial victories for Huascar's army under General Atoc, they were eventually defeated by Atahualpa's forces.
  • The decisive battle took place in Huanacopampa, where Huascar's army achieved a resounding victory against Atahualpa's forces.

New Section

This section discusses the consequences of a decision made by Huascar, which led to his defeat and capture by Atahualpa's forces.

Consequences of Huascar's Decision

  • Huascar's decision allowed Atahualpa's generals to regroup their troops and set up an ambush.
  • The vanguard of Huascar's army was attacked and annihilated by Calcuchimac, taking advantage of the rough terrain.
  • Quisquis' army blocked their way back, impeding any possibility for an orderly retreat.
  • Feeling lost, Huascar attempted to flee but was eventually captured.
  • Calcuchimac returned to Huanacopampa disguised as Huascar and massacred the third army stationed there.
  • Huascar was stripped off his tunic, weapons, and royal insignia, which were sent to Atahualpa as a sign of victory.
  • Huascar's women and children were gathered and killed on the outskirts of Cusco, marking the end of his royal lineage.

New Section

In this section, messengers deliver reports to Atahualpa about the arrival of strange foreigners with beards who have been looting and killing local Chiefs.

Arrival of Strange Foreigners

  • Messengers inform Atahualpa about the arrival of foreigners with beards who arrived in huge floating houses.
  • They mounted on huge beasts never seen before and used sticks that spewed thunder and smoke.
  • The foreigners had been looting, torturing, and killing local Chiefs in Tumbes.
  • Atahualpa allowed them to advance, driven by curiosity and confidence in the numerical superiority of his troops.
  • Unaware of the consequences, this decision would end up sealing his fate and that of his people.

New Section

The episode concludes with a preview of Francisco Pizarro's arrival on the coast of Tumbes.

Conclusion and Preview

  • The first episode concludes with a preview of Francisco Pizarro's arrival on the coast of Tumbes.
  • Viewers are encouraged to subscribe to the channel for updates on future episodes.

Thank you very much for watching the first episode of our documentary dedicated to the Fall of the Inca Empire. If you want to know the release dates of the following videos, don't forget to subscribe to the channel and remember to leave us your questions and opinions.

Video description

Determinar exactamente qué pasó en el Tahuantinsuyo antes del inicio de la conquista española resulta una tarea complicada debido, entre otras razones, a que en el mundo andino el registro y la transmisión de los acontecimientos históricos se realizaba principalmente a través de cantares, aunque también existe evidencia del uso de pinturas y "quipu" para tales propósitos. De cualquier forma, casi la totalidad de dichas fuentes no han sobrevivido al paso del tiempo. La historia con la que hoy contamos fue interpretada y registrada bajo el criterio de los españoles que participaron directamente de la conquista o de otros cronistas, quienes interesados por los misterios y complejidades de la civilización incaica, profundizaron en el tema varios años (e incluso décadas) después de ocurrido el colapso definitivo del imperio. Lo cierto es que cuando Francisco Pizarro pisó Tumbes para iniciar su conquista del Perú, el Tahuantinsuyo se encontraba dividido por una guerra civil, así como azotado por diferentes enfermedades y plagas nunca antes vistas en el mundo andino. Sin duda, la confluencia de estos y otros factores jugaron un rol determinante en el resultado final de la contienda entre incas y españoles. En el primer episodio de nuestro documental dedicado a la Caída del Imperio Incaico, abarcamos los principales sucesos ocurridos en torno a la guerra civil inca librada entre Huáscar y Atahualpa, dos de los hijos del Sapa Inca Huayna Cápac. Finalmente, te dejamos una pequeña lista de referencias bibliográficas que te resultarán muy útiles en caso quieras profundizar en alguno de los acontecimientos descritos en el presente video: - Rostworowski, M. (2019). Historia del Tahuantinsuyu. Lima: Instituto de Estudios Peruanos. - Lumbreras, L. (2019). Pueblos y culturas del Perú Antiguo. Lima, Petróleos del Perú, Ediciones Copé. - MacQuarrie, K. (2008). The Last Days of the Incas. New York. Simon & Schuster.