Tragicomedia Mexicana 6 (1970 - 1976)

The Folkloric Presidency of Luis Echeverría

Introduction to Echeverría's Presidency

• Discussion on Luis Echeverría as one of Mexico's most folkloric and irresponsible presidents, initiating the decline of the political system.

• Anecdote about Echeverría’s morning routine, reflecting his disbelief in his presidency and self-affirmation.

Political Climate and Student Movements

• Echeverría's superficial approach to leadership, focusing on indigenous culture rather than substantial political reforms.

• Description of his extravagant lifestyle, including serving horchata instead of traditional alcoholic beverages at official events.

Repression and Guerrilla Warfare

• The aftermath of the 1968 student movement led to discontent among youth, some turning to guerrilla warfare.

• Mention of notable guerrilla leaders and groups formed by middle-class youths who faced severe repression from the government.

Government Tactics Against Dissent

• Overview of violent tactics used by the government against student protests, including infiltration and massacres.

• Details on how Echeverría eliminated political rivals while consolidating power through brutal measures.

International Relations and Political Maneuvering

• Summary of Echeverría’s international travels aimed at positioning himself as a leader in the Third World.

• His controversial foreign policy decisions that included supporting Chilean resistance but ultimately led to diplomatic failures with Spain and Israel.

Decline in Popularity and Political Isolation

• Examination of how Echeverría created new political parties to counter opposition but faced significant pushback from established figures like Jesús Reyes Heroles.

Political Maneuvering in Mexico

The Rise of José López Portillo

• Hecheberria introduced his childhood friend, José López Portillo, into politics, eventually appointing him as the director of the Federal Electricity Commission and later as Secretary of Finance.

• To divert attention from López Portillo's candidacy, Hecheberria orchestrated the emergence of seven pseudo-candidates.

• He had to wake up early to inform Reyes Heroles, president of the PRI, about revealing López Portillo as the candidate.

Political Landscape and Challenges

• The PAN faced severe internal conflicts that prevented them from nominating a candidate during this election cycle.

• Hecheberria attempted to shift focus away from the upcoming presidency by attacking former political figures like Scherer García.

• Despite losing votes against PPS, he imposed a governor from Nayarit and continued his conflict with private industry.

Economic Turmoil and Consequences

• Rumors of a coup on November 20 led to capital flight; ultimately, Hecheberria oversaw a significant devaluation of the peso after two decades of stability.

• This economic instability resulted in skyrocketing prices, with the exchange rate settling at 22 pesos per dollar.

Final Remarks on Governance

• As his term ended, Hecheberria was criticized for premeditated land expropriations and increasing external debt to cover government expenses.