Introduction

The video starts with music playing in the background.

Migration and Images

The speaker talks about migration and images, and how images are operators of migration. He mentions that even the art of the Renaissance would not be possible without migration.

Migration is Constant

• Donald Trump's power is nothing compared to the power of human movement, and migration will never cease.

• Homo sapiens exist because they were first homo migrants.

Images as Operators of Migration

• Images are made to migrate, such as stamps used to transmit messages across borders.

• Artistic movements like Renaissance Florentine auto-scad wouldn't be possible without migration.

Commentary on a Poem

• The speaker comments on a poem by Nikki Jean-Marie about a social medical dispensary in Greece that treats people who have lost their rights.

• The speaker writes things out of admiration for an object or person.

Hitler vs Paul Klee

The speaker compares Hitler's aesthetic speech in 1937 to Paul Klee's artwork. He believes that the migration of images is stronger than anything else.

Migration of Images is Stronger Than Anything Else

• The speaker believes that the migration of images is stronger than anything else, including human beings themselves.

• s In "Images in Spite of All," the speaker discusses how images can migrate and travel even after the person who created them has died.

The Power of Images

In this section, the speaker discusses the power of images and their ability to convey a message. He also talks about how images are always relative to something else and cannot be understood in isolation.

The Function of Images

• The speaker emphasizes that images have potential power, but not actual power. They only have power when they are related to something else.

• He explains that the desire to transmit knowledge and heighten awareness is what gives images their power.

• The speaker mentions Serge Grudzinski's work on Aby Warburg and how philosophers often make the mistake of trying to understand the substance of an image rather than its function.

Language vs. Image

• The speaker draws a parallel between language and image, stating that there can be a war of language just as there can be a war of images.

• He notes that it is important to study individual images in relation to their specific context and ethical implications.

• The speaker suggests that social reflection often involves theology based on reflections on marches towards the caucus table.

Victor Hugo's Art

• The speaker discusses his interest in Victor Hugo's art, particularly his ability to balance historical and political concerns with lyrical descriptions.

• He notes that Jacques Rancière criticizes Hugo's use of metaphors such as "the storm" in Les Misérables as being too lyrical, but he argues that these metaphors are part of Hugo's morphological approach.

Morphology vs. Anthology

• The speaker concludes by emphasizing the importance of morphology over anthology when studying individual images.

Victor Hugo and the Migration of Images

In this section, the speaker discusses the relationship between Victor Hugo's lyrical observations of the world and morphological analysis. He also talks about how images are constantly migrating across different fields such as literature, philosophy, painting, and psychoanalysis.

Victor Hugo's Lyrical Observations

• The speaker notes that Victor Hugo's observations of the world through his lyrics are similar to morphological analysis.

• He believes that there is no separation between the lyrical image of a protest or uprising and its morphological analysis.

• The speaker mentions that he is grateful for Melina Balcazar Moreno for translating a text on Pierre Fédida, a great psychoanalyst who was close to Lacan.

Images in Different Fields

• The speaker talks about how images migrate across different fields such as literature, philosophy, painting, and psychoanalysis.

• He notes that in structuralist circles where he was trained, they never used the word "images" because it was too vague.

• The speaker believes that migration of images is not something to be eliminated but rather embraced as a richness.

• He mentions that there was a time in European intellectual history when reflection on images was at the forefront of human sciences.

Walter Benjamin and Images as Centerpieces

In this section, the speaker discusses Walter Benjamin's view on images being at the center of history and politics.

Walter Benjamin's View on Images

• The speaker talks about how Walter Benjamin believed that images were the center of history and politics.

• He notes that for Benjamin, images were not just representations but rather had a life of their own.

• The speaker mentions that Benjamin believed that images could be used to resist dominant power structures.

The Role of Image in Critical Thinking

In this section, the speaker discusses the importance of critical thinking and how various fields such as history, anthropology, psychology, philosophy, etc. can be used to achieve it. He emphasizes the role of images in critical thinking and how they can be used to produce an effect of truth.

The Importance of Critical Thinking

• Critical thinking is essential for understanding complex issues.

• There can be no reflection on history or evil without a critical reflection on images.

• Adorno's theory of critique highlights the importance of having a critical knowledge of images.

The Role of Images in Critical Thinking

• Images have the power to produce an effect of truth.

• Images can criticize language and themselves.

• Artists like Goya use their work as a form of critique.

The Aesthetics of Rhythm

• The philosopher Henry Maldiney developed an aesthetics of rhythm that emphasizes its fundamental importance.

• Rhythm remains an important concept that needs further exploration.

Overall, this section highlights the importance of critical thinking and how images play a crucial role in it. It also touches upon the aesthetics of rhythm and its significance in various fields.

The Concept of Source

In this section, the speaker discusses the concept of source and how it is not a singular point but rather a dynamic and fluid movement with multiple sources.

The Nature of Sources

• A river does not have one source, but rather many sources.

• Images also have multiple sources, including historical and psychological factors.

• There are many sources to an image.

Deleuze's Views on Psychoanalysis

In this section, the speaker discusses Deleuze's views on psychoanalysis and how he wrote a text on a book by Fedida despite his criticism of psychoanalysis.

Deleuze's Text on Fedida's Book

• Deleuze wrote a text on Fedida's book "L'Absence" despite his criticism of psychoanalysis.

• This is not a contradiction but rather shows that strict divisions can be problematic.

Philosophy as Precision

In this section, the speaker discusses their view that philosophy should be precise about specific objects rather than making general statements about truth.

Precise Philosophy

• Philosophy is not just about stating the truth in general terms (ontology).

• The speaker prefers philosophy that is precise about specific objects such as Niki Jena Lee's poem.

• Analyzing small things can reveal the crystal of an entire situation.

The Importance of Object Choice in Philosophy

In this section, the speaker emphasizes the importance of choosing the right object to analyze in philosophy.

Choosing the Right Object

• The speaker chooses specific cases such as Glissant and Simard to explore the relationship between image and history.

• It is impossible to make general statements about history, so choosing the right object is crucial.

The Position of Center in Resistance

In this section, the speaker discusses how resistance involves challenging the position of center.

Resistance and Center

• The position of center is stable but must be challenged for resistance to occur.

• Imazighens Byblos can be sent to central systems, but resistance involves challenging the position of center.

Varying Modes of Perception

In this section, the speaker discusses how varying modes of perception can reveal different aspects of an object.

Varying Perception

• Changing your point of view or register can reveal different aspects of an object.

• Varying perception is important in exploring different modes of looking at an object.

Analyzing Art and Politics

In this section, the speaker discusses the importance of analyzing both the figures and backgrounds in art. They also touch on the idea that history is often written by the victors, but it's important to consider the perspectives of those without power.

Importance of Background in Art

• The speaker proposes that we should not only focus on figures in art but also pay attention to the background.

• They give an example from their work studying Renaissance paintings where they focused on what was traditionally considered "background" elements like faux marble.

• The way a filmmaker treats extras can reveal their political beliefs.

History Written by Victors

• The speaker mentions Benjamin's idea that there are two types of history: one written by victors and another about those without power.

• They argue that it's important to consider both perspectives when studying history or politics.

• The speaker notes that it's unfair to criticize someone like Camus for being part of a colonial world since he was working within it.

Considering Other Perspectives

• It's important to try to imagine other people's positions, even if it's difficult.

• The speaker gives an example of how as a European discussing indigenous Mexicans could be seen as either trying too hard or objectifying them.

• They mention how difficult conversations around intellectual diversity can be.

Conclusion

The speaker emphasizes the importance of considering multiple perspectives when analyzing art and politics.

Language and Images

In this section, the speaker discusses the role of language and images in our lives. He argues that while we are bombarded with false language and images, we cannot do away with them entirely as they are an integral part of our humanity.

The Role of Language

• The speaker argues that language is essential to being human and cannot be abandoned.

• He gives the example of the word "concept" which has been co-opted by marketing but should still be defended in its original philosophical sense.

The Role of Images

• While acknowledging that we are suffocated by images, the speaker argues that we cannot do away with them entirely as they are a fundamental part of our anthropology.

• He cites Goya as an example of an artist whose work should be defended against commercialization.

Defending Images Against Misuse

In this section, the speaker discusses his disagreement with Claude Lanzmann over whether images can be used for political purposes. He argues that just because images have been misused does not mean they should be abandoned altogether.

Defending Artistic Images

• The speaker disagrees with Lanzmann's argument that all images should be rejected due to their potential for misuse.

• He cites Goya as an example of an artist whose work should be defended against commercialization.

Defending Political Images

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Polémique avec Claude Lanzmann

In this section, the speaker discusses his disagreement with Claude Lanzmann over the use of images for political purposes.

Disagreement with Lanzmann

• The speaker disagrees with Lanzmann's argument that all images should be rejected due to their potential for misuse.

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Migration and Art

In this section, the speaker discusses how art is tied to a sense of place and how this relates to the issue of migration.

Heidegger's View on Art

• The speaker explains Heidegger's view that art is tied to a specific place and cannot exist without it.

• He argues that this view is problematic as it excludes certain groups from being able to create art.

Alternative Views on Art

• The speaker cites Benyamine as proposing an alternative view of art that does not rely on a specific place or culture.

Building Walls and Migration

In this section, the speaker discusses the idea of building walls to prevent migration and how it ultimately fails.

The Failure of Building Walls

• The speaker argues that building walls is ineffective and uses the example of the Berlin Wall as evidence.

• She recommends a book called "Wall and Words" which shows how the construction of walls always leads to failure.

• The speaker notes that there will always be people who try to cross over or break down walls, using the French expression "faire le mur" (to escape over a wall).

• She quotes Nikki Diana Marquardt who says that migrants are already here, even if they haven't physically crossed a border yet.

Specificity of Each Situation

• The speaker talks about her experience discussing migration with others in different parts of the world, noting that each situation is unique.

• She mentions a comment from a migrant in Mexico who said that stopping or staying in one place could lead to danger.

Work in Progress Exhibition

In this section, the speaker discusses an exhibition she is presenting on uprisings and explains its purpose.

Purpose of Exhibition

• The speaker explains that her exhibition on uprisings is not meant to be a final product but rather an ongoing process.

Desire to Disobey

In this section, the speaker discusses the concept of political imagination and its role in movements of emancipation. The speaker also mentions important authors such as Mme Bocoum and Ernst Bloch who contributed to this movement.

Political Imagination

• The concept of political imagination involves imagining in the realm of politics.

• Images and imagination contribute to movements of emancipation.

• Important authors who contributed to this movement include Mme Bocoum and Ernst Bloch.

Confrontation between Laws and Fundamental Rights

In this section, the speaker talks about how there is a confrontation between laws and fundamental rights. They mention that images have a relationship with dignity, ethics, and law.

Relationship Between Laws and Fundamental Rights

• There is often a confrontation between laws and fundamental rights.

• This has existed since ancient Greek tragedy, such as in the story of Antigone.

• Antigone is a prototype for uprisings against power structures.

• She situates a right higher than the law dictated by those in power.

Relationship Between Images and Ethics/Law

• Images have a relationship with dignity, ethics, and law.

• This relationship needs to be brought back into focus.

Conclusion

The speaker discusses political imagination's role in movements of emancipation. They also talk about how there is often a confrontation between laws and fundamental rights. Finally, they mention that images have a relationship with dignity, ethics, and law that needs to be brought back into focus.