INTERVENCIONISMO PERCUTÁNEO | DR. SEBASTIÁN ROSSINI

Overview of Percutaneous Intervention

Introduction to Percutaneous Intervention

• Percutaneous intervention is a well-established procedure that has gained popularity due to advancements in equipment and increased technical experience.

• This technique involves various procedures such as cervical, dorsal, or sacroiliac nerve blocks and percutaneous drainage.

Applications of Percutaneous Procedures

• Common applications include percutaneous drainage for abscesses and biopsies using needles guided by imaging methods like ultrasound, CT scans, and conventional radiology.

• These procedures are often used for pain management through joint injections or draining abdominal collections.

Focus on Percutaneous Biopsies

Understanding Biopsies

• Percutaneous biopsies involve extracting tissue samples from suspicious lesions found in various organs, including the thyroid, prostate, lungs, liver, and pancreas.

• Ultrasound is typically used for superficial structures while CT scans assist with deeper organs; multiple needle insertions may be required to obtain adequate samples.

Advantages and Risks

• The main advantage of percutaneous biopsies is their low complication rate compared to traditional surgical methods; risks include infection or hematoma formation.

• Pneumothorax can occur during lung biopsies but remains a rare complication; most patients may expectorate small amounts of blood without significant issues.

Procedure Characteristics

Patient Experience

• These procedures require no prior preparation and utilize local anesthesia only; patients typically feel minimal discomfort during the process.

• A normal coagulation profile is necessary before performing a biopsy to ensure safety during needle insertion.

Collaboration with Pathologists

• Conducting biopsies alongside a pathologist increases diagnostic accuracy by ensuring sufficient sample collection during the procedure.

Other Interventional Techniques

Radicular Block Procedures

• Another common percutaneous procedure includes radicular blocks performed under imaging guidance for conditions like cervicobrachialgia or lumbar pain.

• These blocks involve precise needle placement using tomography to inject anesthetics and corticosteroids into targeted areas of the spine.

Effectiveness and Safety

• While not all patients respond positively (approximately 80% success rate), these interventions are quick (around 30 minutes), with complications similar to standard injections.

• Various other percutaneous techniques exist, such as abscess drainage and gastrostomy placements, which are increasingly requested due to their effectiveness and low risk.