La Tundra - Videos Aprende

Tundra: An Overview of Its Characteristics and Habitats

What is Tundra?

• The tundra is defined as an open, flat terrain characterized by very cold climates and frozen subsoil, lacking trees.

• It features soils covered with mosses and lichens, primarily found in the northern extremes of Russia, Alaska, Canada, southern Greenland, and parts of Antarctica.

Climate and Seasonal Changes

• The climate includes strong winds and scarce precipitation; during summer, melting ice forms swamps or peatlands.

• Daylight duration varies significantly with seasons—constant light in summer versus total darkness in winter.

Fauna Adaptations

• Animals living in the tundra have a thick layer of subcutaneous fat to withstand low temperatures; many migrate seasonally.

• Common fauna includes seals, sea lions, reindeer, Arctic hares, polar bears, falcons, and emperor geese.

Flora Limitations

• Vegetation is sparse due to climatic conditions that limit water and nutrient availability; however, dwarf shrubs and sedges can be found.

Types of Tundras

Alpine Tundra

• Found in mountainous regions with good drainage; unlike Arctic tundra, its subsoil does not remain frozen.

Antarctic Tundra

• Located on islands like South Georgia; it has lower biodiversity due to isolation from continents but is home to penguins.

Arctic Tundra