Linguagem C - Aula 5.4 - Conheça os comandos de Controle de Fluxo break e continue (2022)

Understanding Break and Continue in Loops

Introduction to Loop Structures

• The video discusses the final lesson on loop structures, focusing on the break and continue commands in programming.

• It emphasizes that both for and while loops can be utilized interchangeably in programming languages like C.

The Break Command

• The break command is introduced as a way to completely terminate a loop sequence at any point.

• An example is provided where printing numbers from 1 to 10 can be interrupted using break, allowing for only numbers up to 5 to be printed.

The Continue Command

• Unlike break, the continue command does not end the loop but skips the current iteration, moving directly to the next one.

• This allows for selective skipping of certain iterations based on conditions without terminating the entire loop.

Practical Example with Break

• A practical coding example illustrates how a loop initialized at 1 continues until it reaches 10, but can print only up to 5 due to an internal condition checking for equality with 5.

• If the condition is met (i.e., when i equals 5), a break statement is executed, halting further iterations of the loop.

Observations on Loop Behavior

• As each number is printed, checks are made against the value of i. When i equals 5, execution jumps out of the loop due to break.

• Removing or altering this break condition changes output behavior significantly; without it, all numbers from 1 through 10 would print normally.

Conclusion on Break Functionality

• The video concludes by reiterating that once a break statement is encountered within a loop structure, all subsequent code within that block will be ignored.

Understanding Break and Continue in Loops

The Role of Break in Loop Execution

• The break statement is used to exit a loop, ignoring any subsequent code within the loop after its invocation.

• If a print statement is placed outside the loop, it will execute regardless of the break, demonstrating that break only affects the current iteration.

Exploring Continue Functionality

• The continue statement allows skipping the current iteration of a loop when certain conditions are met, such as checking if a variable equals 5.

• When using continue, if the condition is true (e.g., i = 5), it skips to the next iteration without executing further commands in that cycle.

Iteration Mechanics with Continue

• As iterations progress, values are incremented. For instance, when i reaches 5, it triggers continue, preventing printing of that value.

• After invoking continue, control moves directly to the next iteration; thus, no output occurs for skipped values.

Incrementing Values and Conditions

• Each time through the loop, values are checked against conditions (e.g., less than or equal to 10). If not satisfied (like i = 11), execution ends.

• The process continues until all numbers from 1 to 10 are printed except for those equal to 5 due to the use of continue.

Summary of Loop Behavior

• The final output includes numbers from 1 to 10 but omits number 5 because it was skipped by continue.

• It’s emphasized that while break exits loops entirely, continue merely skips individual iterations based on specified conditions.

Conclusion and Next Steps

• In this lesson, key concepts about how both commands (break and continue) function within loops were discussed.