🥇 DIÁMETROS PÉLVICOS, Pelvimetría Ósea, PELVIS OBSTÉTRICA. Fácil y Sencilla

Anatomy of the Pelvis: Understanding Pelvimetry

In this video, Juan José Sánchez delves into the intricate details of pelvic anatomy, focusing on the dimensions of the pelvis and its significance in both anatomy and gynecology.

Exploring the Pelvic Cavity

• The pelvis comprises two main cavities: the lower part of the abdominopelvic cavity. The line dividing the pelvis into two sections is crucial, known as the terminal line or iliopectineal line.

• Below the terminal line lies the true pelvis or lesser pelvis, while above it is termed as false pelvis or greater pelvis due to abdominal structures being present above this line.

• Understanding that structures below the terminal line are considered part of the true pelvis, while those above belong to the false pelvis aids in delineating between them.

Key Landmarks and Divisions

• The video emphasizes focusing on the true pelvis for gynecological purposes, with detailed explanations of landmarks like promontory of sacrum and innominate line.

• Describing how various bony structures form critical boundaries such as pectineal crest and pubic crest helps visualize pelvic divisions accurately.

Pelvic Openings and Dimensions

• Highlighting two main pelvic openings - superior and inferior - clarifies their roles in childbirth, where the inferior opening allows passage for a baby's head during delivery.

• The space between superior and inferior openings defines the true pelvis, underscoring its importance in obstetrics compared to the false pelvis situated above it.

Estimation of Pelvic Diameters

• Detailed exploration of diameters within different parts of the pelvic inlet provides insights into anteroposterior, transverse, and oblique measurements critical for understanding pelvic structure.

New Section

In this section, the speaker discusses the different diameters of the pelvis and their significance in childbirth.

Pelvic Diameters

• The promonto subpubic diameter runs from the inferior part of the pubic symphysis to the promontory of the sacrum. This is crucial for determining if a woman can have a vaginal birth.

• If during a vaginal examination, the healthcare provider can touch the sacral promontory, it indicates a short promonto subpubic diameter, suggesting a potential need for cesarean delivery.

• Understanding pelvic diameters helps predict how childbirth will progress. The three anteroposterior diameters are vital indicators.

• Moving to the transverse diameter of the upper pelvis, it passes through the widest part of the innominate lines rather than at its center.

• The oblique diameter extends from the middle of one sacroiliac joint to an elevation known as iliopectineal eminence or iliopubic eminence. These three diameters are fundamental in assessing the upper pelvic inlet.

New Section

This section delves into pelvic cavity diameters and their anatomical locations.

Pelvic Cavity Diameters

• The anteroposterior diameter spans from the posterior edge of the pubic symphysis to S3 vertebrae's midpoint, representing half of S3's length - also termed misacro retropubic diameter.

• Exploring further, we encounter transverse diameter, which traverses through the widest part of the pelvic cavity near ischial bodies but above ischial spines' level.

Pelvic Differences Between Genders

In this section, the speaker discusses the anatomical variances between female and male pelvises, highlighting how these differences impact childbirth.

Pelvis Female vs. Pelvis Male

• The female pelvis is narrower than the male pelvis, making it unsuitable for childbirth.

• Female pelvis bones are thinner and less robust compared to males, emphasizing their role in facilitating childbirth.

• Differences in the female pelvis include a greater distance between sciatic spines and ischial spines to accommodate childbirth.

• In contrast, the male pelvis features thicker sciatic spines and ischial tuberosities with closer proximity, indicating its structural differences from the female pelvis.

• The symphysis pubis in females is smaller and less pronounced than in males, with a more elliptical shape in women and a longer structure in men.