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Military Deprivation

This section discusses the effects of military deprivation on critical capacity and thinking.

Effects of Military Deprivation

  • The subject complains that he can't even daydream.
  • Military deprivation causes extreme monotony, loss of critical capacity, and unclear thinking.

Chilean Chicago Boys

This section discusses the economic policies implemented by the Chilean Chicago Boys.

Economic Policies

  • The Chilean Chicago boys started work on a 500-page economic blueprint called the BRIC.
  • Richard Nixon ordered the CIA director to make the economy scream.
  • Here was the first case in which you had a movement toward communism, which was replaced by a movement toward free markets. It didn't work. A year later inflation was 375% per year, the highest in the world. So in March 1975, Arnold Harberger and Milton Friedman flew into Santiago.

Milton Friedman's Opposition to New Deal

This section discusses Milton Friedman's opposition to President Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal.

Opposition to New Deal

  • He said that he was like a doctor that was going to help a country that was suffering an epidemic, and he was simply prescribing the medicine. What he did was much more than what we had done. The Wall Street crash of 1929 led to the depression of the 30s. Central to Friedman's thesis was his opposition to the new deal, announced by President Franklin.
  • He said, Milton is the embodiment of the truth that ideas have consequences. But I had no idea when I suggested that. What a vicious weapon, potentially vicious weapon this could be.
  • It was clearly distressed at the temporary unemployment it might cause.

CIA's Involvement in Chile

This section discusses the CIA's involvement in preventing Ayan de from assuming the presidency and its impact on Chile.

CIA's Involvement

  • It had the support of Richard Nixon in the White House.
  • He ordered the CIA to prevent Ayan de from assuming the presidency.
  • And then on September 11th, with General Pinachet leading the army, the assault began on the presidential palace.

Impact on Chile

  • In the days that followed, more than 13,000 opponents were arrested and imprisoned. You're just like a zombie walking around.
  • Thousands of prisoners were held in the National Stadium, many were tortured. Cameron combined shock therapy with sleep therapy and repeated playing of taped messages.
  • Chile became notorious around the world. It's as Jeanine, you are running away from your responsibility.
  • At the beginning of November, 5,000 prisoners were released. You don't want to take care of your husband and children; all-time same thing.
  • The 900-day left behind were transferred to other detention centers. It sounds like you were being interrogated.
  • Slowly lost their job in Chile, the Asianxis was the last common place to fulfill his aim. Yes, interrogation, but for what purpose? It's a good time to place ourselves in the longer human story of struggle.
  • It was clearly distressed at the temporary unemployment it might cause.

Pinachet Palace

This section discusses the establishment of Pinachet Palace in Premium Night's National Park.

Establishment of Pinachet Palace

  • Artilaps and Chile geographical associations decided to establish the Pinachet Palace in Premium Night's National Park.

The Chicago Boys Economic Blueprint

This section discusses the economic policies implemented by the Chicago Boys in Chile.

The Implementation of Economic Policies

  • The Chicago Boys delivered their economic blueprint to finish the break.
  • The policies included removal of price controls, sale of state companies, removal of import barriers and cuts to government expenditure.
  • However, a year later inflation was 375% per year, the highest in the world.

Human Rights Abuses

This section discusses human rights abuses committed during this time period.

Torture and Imprisonment

  • There were instances of extremities such as poking eyes out and branding.
  • More than 13,000 opponents were arrested and imprisoned.
  • Thousands of prisoners were held in the National Stadium. Many were tortured.
  • Techniques learned from these establishments were used on students and union members.

Bizarre Experiments on Psychiatric Patients

  • Cameron performed bizarre experiments on his psychiatric patients using shock therapy with sleep therapy and repeated playing of taped messages.
  • He wanted to depot and know why he cleaned his patient's mind so he could rebuild them from a blank slate.

Argentina Junta Hosted World Cup

This section discusses events surrounding the 1978 World Cup hosted by Argentina's junta.

Human Rights Abuses in Argentina

  • The Argentine junta hosted the World Cup.
  • The final was played in the stadium less than a mile away from the biggest detention camp in the country where thousands of prisoners were held in torture chambers.
  • These techniques were used on anyone who opposed free market economic policies of the regime.

Mothers and Grandmothers of Disappeared Protest

This section discusses protests by mothers and grandmothers of disappeared individuals.

Protests Against Junta's Project

  • While the junta was still in power, a group of mothers and grandmothers of the disappeared started to protest in Plaza de Mayo.
  • Those children, many raised by families connected to military, were a powerful reminder of junta's project to re-engineer an entire society.

The Chicago School Revolution

This section discusses the rejection of economic principles by the University of Chicago's economics department and how Milton Friedman from this university waged a war against the new deal.

The Rejection of Economic Principles

  • The economic principles were widely accepted, but not in the economics department of the University.

Milton Friedman and War Against New Deal

  • She could now push through a form of the economic shock therapy witnessed in Chile.
  • Milton Friedman from this university waged a war against the new deal.
  • Friedman was a member of a group called the Montpaleran Society, led by Austrian economist Friedrich von Hayek.
  • Fatcher used every means at her disposal to destroy the union.

Bombing on Washington's Embassy Road

This section discusses an incident where a powerful bomb tore through a car that was driving along Washington's usually quiet embassy road.

Bombing Incident

  • A powerful bomb tore through a car that was driving along Washington's usually quiet embassy road.

Exploiting Crisis for Radical Policies

This section discusses how radical policies have swept across countries due to exploiting crises and shocks.

Chilean Shock Therapy

  • It was in Chile that Friedman's disciples first learned how to exploit large-scale shock or crisis.
  • The thesis of the shock doctrine is that we've been sold a fairy tale about how these radical policies have swept the globe.
  • Fatcher used this victory to bring the Chicago School Revolution to Britain.

Exploiting Crisis for Radical Policies

  • They believed that if government stopped providing services and stopped regulating markets, the economy would correct itself.
  • The strike lasted almost a year.
  • Eventually, the miners were defeated.
  • A series of glossy commercials promoted a massive program of privatizations.
  • Fatcher sold off the steel industry, water, electricity, gas, telephones, airlines, oil.
  • It was called the Big Bang.

Only Crisis Produces Real Change

  • Only a crisis actual or perceived produces real change.
  • No one here tonight needs reminding that the Big Bang is only a beginning.

Conclusion

The University of Chicago's economics department rejected economic principles while Milton Friedman waged war against the new deal. Radical policies have swept across countries due to exploiting crises and shocks with only crisis producing real change.

The Ideas of Milton Friedman

This section discusses the impact of Milton Friedman's economic ideas on Wall Street, Main Street, and Washington.

The Impact of Friedman's Ideas

  • Friedman's ideas have contributed to the economic chaos seen in Wall Street, Main Street, and Washington.
  • Warren Christopher, the US Secretary of State, said that the United States does not easily support the suspension of parliament but these are extraordinary times.
  • By 1998, 80% of Russian farms were bankrupt and 70,000 state factories were closed due to Friedman's ideas.
  • The oligarchs emerged as a new class of billionaire businessmen with huge political influence due to privatization policies influenced by Friedman.

Orlando Latelliay

This section discusses Orlando Latelliay who was an ambassador in Washington during Pinochet's regime.

Orlando Latelliay

  • Orlando Latelliay was an ambassador in Washington during Pinochet's regime.
  • He had been foreign minister during the last months of Salvadori Yundi's Marxist regime.

The Argentine Junta Hosted World Cup

This section discusses how Argentina hosted the World Cup in 1978 under military rule.

Argentina Hosted World Cup

  • In 1978, Argentina hosted the World Cup under military rule.

Detention Camp in Argentina

This section discusses detention camps in Argentina where thousands of prisoners were held in torture chambers.

Detention Camps

  • Thousands of prisoners were held in torture chambers at detention camps in Argentina.
  • The prisoners were held in the stadium less than a mile away from the biggest detention camp in the country.

The Falklands War

This section discusses the Falklands War and how it helped Thatcher prove her credentials as the Iron Lady.

The Falklands War

  • Most people in Britain had never even heard of the Falklands until Argentina invaded.
  • Thatcher seized her opportunity to prove her credentials as the Iron Lady when Argentina invaded.
  • On October 4th, Yeltsin ordered troops to storm the White House.

National Union of Mine Workers

This section discusses how the national union of mine workers was one of the most powerful unions in Britain.

National Union of Mine Workers

  • The national union of mine workers was one of the most powerful unions in Britain.

Economic Shock Therapy

This section discusses economic shock therapy and its impact on societies.

Economic Shock Therapy

  • Friedman believed that economic shock therapy could encourage societies to accept a pure form of deregulated capitalism.
  • With advice from his Chicago boys, Yeltsin ruled through a form of crony capitalism.
  • Even more state industries were sold off, creating a new class of billionaire businessmen with huge political influence.

Torture Techniques

This section discusses the use of torture techniques in Argentina and Chile.

Torture Techniques

  • The supporters of parliament appeared to be winning.
  • Naomi Klein believed that it was completely wrong, unethical, and immoral to use torture techniques merely to intimidate people.
  • The United States does not easily support the suspension of parliament but these are extraordinary times.

Economic Crisis

This section discusses how a crisis saved Thatcher's project.

Economic Crisis

  • What pulled Thatcher back from the abyss and ultimately saved the project was a crisis.
  • The economic plan had to be enforced, and in the Chilean context, that could only be done by killing thousands and establishing concentration camps all over the country.

Latin America Connection

This section discusses how many in Latin America saw a direct connection between economic shocks and torture inflicted on those who believed in a different kind of society.

Latin America Connection

  • Many in Latin America saw a direct connection between economic shocks that impoverished millions of people and the epidemic of torture inflicted on those who believed in a different kind of society.
  • They were used on students and union members.

Storming White House

This section discusses Yeltsin's order for troops to storm the White House.

Storming White House

  • On October 4th, Yeltsin ordered troops to storm the White House.
  • The economic plan had to be enforced, and in the Chilean context, that could only be done by killing thousands and establishing concentration camps all over the country.

Orlando Latelliay's Story

This section discusses Orlando Latelliay's story.

Orlando Latelliay's Story

  • One of those who believed in a different kind of society was Orlando Latelliay.
  • He spent a year in one of Pinesha's prisons before being exiled back to America.

Milton Friedman Turned 90

This section discusses Milton Friedman's 90th birthday party at the Bush White House.

Milton Friedman Turned 90

  • When Milton Friedman turned 90, the Bush White House held a birthday party for him.
  • What I want to argue here is that the economic chaos that we're seeing right now on Wall Street and on Main Street and in Washington stems from many factors of course, but among them are the ideas of Milton Friedman.

Economic Policies

This section discusses how torture techniques were used on anyone who opposed free market economic policies.

Economic Policies

  • They were used on anyone who opposed free market economic policies of the regime.
  • The prisoners were held in the stadium less than a mile away from the biggest detention camp in the country.

Absolute Power

This section discusses how Yeltsin gained absolute power.

Absolute Power

  • Yeltsin now had absolute power.
  • Even more state industries were sold off, creating a new class of billionaire businessmen with huge political influence.

Crony Capitalism

This section discusses how Yeltsin ruled through a form of crony capitalism.

Crony Capitalism

  • With advice from his Chicago boys, Yeltsin ruled through a form of crony capitalism.
  • The oligarchs emerged as a new class of billionaire businessmen with huge political influence due to privatization policies influenced by Friedman.

State Industries

This section discusses the sale of state industries in Russia and its impact on the emergence of oligarchs.

State Industries

  • Even more state industries were sold off, creating a new class of billionaire businessmen with huge political influence.
  • Meanwhile, Moscow would go on to have more billionaires than any other city in the world.

Ideas Have Consequences

This section discusses how ideas have consequences and Milton Friedman's embodiment of this truth.

Ideas Have Consequences

  • He said, Milton is the embodiment

Chile's Progressive Developmental Policies

This section discusses Chile's progressive developmental policies in the 50s and 60s.

Chile's Progressive Developmental Policies

  • In the 50s and 60s, Chile implemented progressive developmental policies in the region.

Use of Torture Techniques in Argentina and Chile

This section discusses the use of torture techniques in Argentina and Chile.

Use of Torture Techniques

  • In Argentina and Chile, torture techniques were not only used on soldiers or terrorists but also on students and union members.

Argentine Junta Hosted World Cup

This section discusses how the Argentine junta hosted the World Cup in 1978.

Argentine Junta Hosted World Cup

  • In 1978, the Argentine junta hosted the World Cup.

Britain and America Ruled by Unabashed Freemonytes

This section discusses how Britain and America were ruled by unabashed Freemonytes.

Britain and America Ruled by Unabashed Freemonytes

  • Both Britain and America were now ruled by unabashed Freemonytes who invested in health, education, and industry.

Students from South America Studied Free Market Economics with Milton Friedman

This section discusses how students from South America studied free market economics with Milton Friedman.

Students Studied Free Market Economics with Milton Friedman

  • The US State Department began sponsoring students from Chile and the rest of South America to study free market economics with Milton Friedman.
  • A great many Chilean students came to the University of Chicago, were trained by us, and received PhDs.

Strikes in Poland Led to Solidarity Being Allowed to Contest a General Election

This section discusses how strikes in Poland led to solidarity being allowed to contest a general election.

Strikes in Poland Led to Solidarity Being Allowed

  • Strikes in Poland led to solidarity being allowed to contest a general election in June 1989.

Collapse of Old Communist Regimes

This section discusses the collapse of old communist regimes.

Collapse of Old Communist Regimes

  • Gorbachev stood and watched as one by one the old communist regimes collapsed.
  • The economic performance of the statutory government has been mixed.

Kubak Manual Techniques Taught

This section discusses how torture techniques were taught using the Kubak manual.

Kubak Manual Techniques Taught

  • Torture techniques taught from rape to derobin, torture with pointed objects, breaking extremities, poking eyes out, branding.
  • In Latin America, various regimes are abusing human rights using techniques they may have learned from this establishment.

Margaret Thatcher's Program Triggered Wave of Demonstrations Throughout Eastern Europe

This section discusses how Margaret Thatcher's program triggered a wave of demonstrations throughout Eastern Europe.

Margaret Thatcher's Program Triggered Wave of Demonstrations

  • Margaret Thatcher's program, when she came in, had four planks. This triggered a wave of demonstrations throughout Eastern Europe.

Isolation Must Be Maintained from the Moment of Apprehension

This section discusses how isolation must be maintained from the moment of apprehension.

Isolation Must Be Maintained

  • Isolation, both physical and psychological, must be maintained from the moment of apprehension.
  • The capacity for resistance is diminished by disorientation.

Unemployment Doubled in Parts of Chilean Economy

This section discusses how unemployment doubled in parts of the Chilean economy.

Unemployment Doubled

  • Within her first three years in office, unemployment doubled in parts of the economy leading to waves of strikes.

Prisoners Should Maintain Silence at All Times

This section discusses how prisoners should maintain silence at all times.

Prisoners Should Maintain Silence

  • Prisoners should maintain silence at all times.
  • They should never be allowed to speak to each other.

Gradual Transition to Scandinavian Style Social Democracy

This section discusses a gradual transition to Scandinavian style social democracy.

Gradual Transition

  • He talked about a third way, a gradual transition to Scandinavian style social democracy, something between free market capitalism and communism.

Use of Torture Techniques Merely to Intimidate People is Completely Wrong

This section discusses how the use of torture techniques merely to intimidate people is completely wrong.

Use of Torture Techniques

  • The use of torture of a known enemy soldier to gain some kind of military advantage, I think, is justifiable and smart.
  • To go beyond there, to use torture techniques merely to intimidate people is completely wrong, unethical and immoral.

Uncertainty About Release from Guantanamo Bay

This section discusses uncertainty about release from Guantanamo Bay.

Uncertainty About Release

  • Just sitting there, you'd be in your thoughts all the time thinking what the hell's going on, where the hell am I?
  • Are we going to be staying here for the rest of our lives? Are we going to be going back home?
  • Of the 779 prisoners that have been held in Guantanamo Bay, only three have ever been released without charge.
  • Patcher's personal approval rating slumped to 25%.

Conclusion

This section concludes the transcript.

Conclusion

The transcript ends at this point with no further information provided.

Thatcher and the Chicago Boys

This section covers the economic policies of Margaret Thatcher's government in the UK, which were heavily influenced by the ideas of Milton Friedman and the Chicago School of Economics. It also discusses how these policies were implemented and their impact on British society.

The Falklands War

  • Thatcher's popularity was waning until Argentina invaded the Falkland Islands.
  • Thatcher used this opportunity to prove her leadership skills and won a decisive victory in less than three months.
  • As a result, she gained a massive majority in the 1983 elections and was able to push through economic shock therapy similar to that seen in Chile.

The Miners' Strike

  • The most powerful union in Britain was the National Union of Mine Workers.
  • When the government tried to close down pits, miners went on strike.
  • This strike lasted almost a year and brought parts of central London to a halt.
  • Thatcher used all means at her disposal to defeat the union, eventually succeeding.

Privatization

  • Thatcher saw her victory over the miners as an opportunity to bring about further changes.
  • She launched a massive program of privatizations, selling off industries such as steel, water, electricity, gas, telephones, airlines, oil, public housing and council services.
  • In 1986 financial and banking services would be regulated.

Impact on Society

  • By 2005 top executives earned more than 400 times as much as their average employee.
  • These policies coincided with those of Ronald Reagan in America which led to worldwide acceptance of free market economics.
  • However, the fall of communism in Eastern Europe did not necessarily lead to the kind of capitalism that Thatcher and Friedman had envisioned.
  • The adoption of Chicago School policies in Russia marks the beginning of a new chapter in the free market crusade.

Economic Shock and Poverty in Russia

The economic transformation in Russia caused a third of Russians to fall below the poverty line, and wages were not paid for months.

Economic Transformation

  • A third of Russians fell below the poverty line due to the economic transformation.
  • Resistance grew against the rapid economic shock.
  • The coalition had broad authorities during this time.

Effects on Wages

  • Classic Chicago school laws were passed by Bremer during the first four months.
  • Money was promised for reconstruction, but work came at the bottom of a series of subcontractors.
  • North Carolina Bay Sartii received contracts worth $466 million despite billions being spent in the first four years.
  • Work opportunities for Iraqis were limited, and they did not have a say in what post-Sadam era would look like.

Privatization and Violence in Iraq

The war in Iraq is considered as one of the most privatized wars in modern history. This section discusses how privatization led to violence and lawlessness.

Privatization

  • The war in Iraq is considered as one of the most privatized wars in modern history.
  • In 1991, there was one military contractor for every 100 soldiers; by 2006, there were 33 contractors per 100 soldiers.
  • Privatization went beyond what even Milton Friedman had dared to hope.
  • During the April 2004 uprising in Najef, Blackwater assumed command over US Marines.

Violence and Lawlessness

  • Bodies were often dumped by the roadside as a warning to others.
  • The CIA devised torture techniques from experiments in the 50s.
  • Multiple shocks inflicted on Iraq reduced the country to a lawless, violent state.
  • By April 2007, four million people were estimated to have been displaced.

Economic Crashes and Wealth Transfer

This section discusses how economic crashes lead to wealth transfer from public hands into the hands of wealthy corporations and individuals.

Economic Crashes

  • In 1987 there was Black Monday; in 1992 there was Black Wednesday; in 1997 there was the Asian contagion; and in September 2008, financial markets imploded.
  • Despite populist rhetoric about taking on fat cats and standing up for little guys, we are witnessing a transfer of wealth of unfathomable size.

Wealth Transfer

  • The transfer of wealth is from public hands collected through taxes into the hands of wealthiest corporations and individuals in the world.
  • This is a vicious weapon that could be used against regular people who are too focused on their daily concerns to protect their interests

The Shock Doctrine

This transcript discusses the concept of the "shock doctrine," which is the idea that governments and corporations use crises to push through unpopular policies. It focuses on examples from Chile, Poland, Russia, and Iraq.

The Origins of the Shock Doctrine

  • The economic crisis in Chile was used as an opportunity to implement Milton Friedman's free-market policies.
  • Friedman promised that these policies would create freer societies and a war against tyranny.
  • However, implementing these policies required killing thousands of people and establishing concentration camps.
  • Orlando Letelier's murder was linked to this economic plan.

Economic Policies in Other Countries

  • Michael Townley was extradited to the US for his role in Letelier's murder.
  • In 1979, Margaret Thatcher became Prime Minister of Britain and implemented similar economic policies.
  • Thatcher used her victory over striking miners to bring Chicago School Revolution to Britain.
  • Public housing was sold off and council services were put out to tender.

Crises Used as Opportunities

  • In Russia, Yeltsin dissolved parliament after a crisis in 1993. This led to increased poverty but also created billionaires in Moscow.
  • After 9/11, the US government used fear as an opportunity to push through unpopular policies like the Patriot Act.
  • The Iraq War was another example of using a crisis as an opportunity for political gain.

Conclusion

The shock doctrine is a strategy used by governments and corporations around the world. By taking advantage of crises, they are able to push through unpopular policies that would not be possible during normal times.

The Beginning of the Occupation

This section discusses the early days of the occupation in Iraq and how it was managed by Bremer.

Bremer's Laws and Firings

  • Bremer passed classic Chicago school laws during his first four months.
  • One of his first acts was to fire 500,000 state workers.

Reconstruction Promises vs Reality

  • Money was promised for reconstruction, but USAID money in Iraq was spent on US corporations.
  • Work came to Iraqis only at the bottom of a series of subcontractors.

Contracts Awarded to Corporations

  • Several corporations were awarded contracts worth millions of dollars, including Creative Associates, Bearing Point, North Carolina Bay Sartiai, Halibut and Parsons.
  • Despite billions being spent in the first four years, basic electricity and water supplies hardly improved.

Protests and Chaos in Baghdad

This section discusses how despite violence and chaos in Baghdad, Iraqis continued to protest for their rights.

Peaceful Protests Turn Violent

  • In 2004 bombs started going off regularly in Baghdad.
  • Despite this violence, Iraqis were out protesting for elections and a say in what post-Saddam era would look like.

Armed Resistance Grows

  • As time went on and protests didn't have an effect more Iraqis joined armed resistance.
  • The violence spun out of control leading to a lawless violent sectarian mess.

The Aftermath of the War

This section discusses the aftermath of the war in Iraq and how it was privatized.

Refugees and Chaos

  • By April 2007, four million people had to leave their homes.
  • Multiple shocks inflicted on Iraq reduced the country to a lawless, violent, sectarian mess.

Privatization of War

  • The war in Iraq is the most privatized war in modern history.
  • Blackwater USA was one of the most high-profile contractors.

Military Industrial Complex

This section discusses how disaster capital has moved on from Iraq and how military spending has almost doubled since 2001.

Eisenhower's Warning

  • President Eisenhower warned against the danger of a too-powerful military-industrial complex.

Increase in Military Spending

  • US military spending has almost doubled since 2001 nearing $700 billion per year.
  • In 1991 for every 100 soldiers there was one military contractor; by 2003 for every 100 soldiers there were 70 contractors.

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The Tragedy of New Orleans Schools

In this section, the speaker discusses the state of schools in New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina and how it has affected children's education.

The State of New Orleans Schools

  • Most New Orleans schools are in ruins.
  • Homes of children who have attended these schools are also destroyed.
  • Children are now scattered all over the country due to displacement caused by Hurricane Katrina.
  • This situation is a tragedy as it has disrupted the education of many children.

The Importance of Education

  • Education is important for personal growth and development.
  • It provides opportunities for individuals to improve their lives and contribute positively to society.
  • Disrupting education can have long-term negative effects on individuals and communities.

Rebuilding Efforts

  • There have been efforts to rebuild schools in New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina.
  • Some progress has been made, but there is still much work to be done.
  • It is important to continue supporting rebuilding efforts so that children can receive an education and have a chance at a better future.

Conclusion

The destruction caused by Hurricane Katrina had a significant impact on the education system in New Orleans. Many schools were destroyed, homes were lost, and children were displaced. However, efforts are being made to rebuild schools and provide educational opportunities for children. It is crucial that we continue supporting these efforts to ensure that children can receive an education and have a chance at a better future.