Biografía de César Vallejo | Escritores Peruanos

César Vallejo's Early Life and Career

In this section, we learn about César Vallejo's early life and career, including his education, work as a teacher, and first publications.

Education and Work

• Vallejo studied at the Universidad Nacional de Trujillo but left due to financial problems.

• He worked as an assistant to his father in administrative tasks for the governor.

• Vallejo returned to Santiago de Chuco to save money for his studies after leaving university.

First Publications

• In 1919, Vallejo worked at Colegio Nacional Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe in Lima.

• His first work called "Los Heraldos Negros" was published in July of that year.

• Vallejo established friendships with other writers such as Luis Alberto Sánchez and Juan Parra del Riego, Abraham Valdelomar, and José Carlos Mariátegui.

• In October 1922, he presented his second collection of poems called "Trilce," which would represent the most radical book of poetry written in the Spanish language.

César Vallejo's Literary Style

This section explores César Vallejo's unique literary style characterized by linguistic experimentation.

Linguistic Experimentation

• In "Trilce," all imitation or literary influence is avoided.

• The book reuses old words and even creates new ones giving it a unique aesthetic until that moment.

• With this work, Vallejo would be considered a precursor of linguistic experimentation.

César Vallejo's Imprisonment and Later Career

In this section, we learn about César Vallejo's imprisonment and later career as a writer.

Imprisonment

• In 1920, Vallejo was unjustly accused of being a participant and instigator of the burning and looting of the house of some merchants in the area.

• For this fact, he would be imprisoned for 3 and a half months.

• During his stay in prison, Vallejo obtains the “second prize” from the municipality of Trujillo with the poem “Fabla de gesta (Praise to the Marques de Torre Tagle).”

Later Career

• Vallejo established friendships with other writers such as Luis Alberto Sánchez and Juan Parra del Riego, Abraham Valdelomar, and José Carlos Mariátegui.

• After leaving medical school due to financial problems and disillusionment with the field, he returned to his hometown where he worked as a preceptor for Domingo Sotil's children.

• Faithful representative of the avant-garde of the time, in Trilce all imitation or literary influence is avoided.

• He denounced abuses by large mining companies against their workers in his novel Tungsteno published in 1931.

Luis Vallejo and his Literary Career

This section covers the life of Luis Vallejo, a Peruvian poet and writer. It discusses his literary career, including his works and the themes he explored.

Early Life and Literary Beginnings

• Vallejo worked as a teacher at Colegio Nacional Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe in Lima in 1919.

• In 1920, he published "Los Heraldos Negros," his first work.

• His second poem collection, "Trilce," was published in October 1922. It is considered one of the most radical poetry books written in Spanish.

Political Activism and Imprisonment

• Vallejo was accused of participating in an arson attack on a merchant's house and was imprisoned for three months and a half.

• He wrote "El Tungsteno," a proletarian novel that criticized imperialism and the United States. The book was banned due to its Marxist content.

• During his stay in prison, he wrote "Fabla de gesta (Elogio al Marques de Torre Tagle)," which won him second prize at a literary contest organized by Trujillo municipality.

Later Works and Support for Anti-Fascist Work

• In 1931, Vallejo traveled to Madrid after the re-publication of "Trilce." He also produced two plays during this time: "Lock-out" and "Between the two shores runs the river."

• He continued to produce plays with Marxist content but they were not published due to their revolutionary nature.

• During the Spanish Civil War, Vallejo collaborated with Pablo Neruda in founding the Ibero-American Committee for the Defense of the Spanish Republic and its spokesman, the "New Spain" bulletin.

La vida y obra de César Vallejo

Resumen de la sección: En esta sección se habla sobre la vida y obra del escritor peruano César Vallejo.

Primeros años y obras tempranas

• Entre septiembre y noviembre, en 1916, Vallejo escribió sus últimas composiciones líricas, "Poemas humanos" y "España, aparta de mí este cáliz".

• En marzo de 1923 publicó una corta edición de "Escalas melografiadas", así como el drama teatral con tema incaico "La piedra cansada".

Carrera literaria y enfermedad

• En 1938 trabajó como profesor de Lengua y Literatura en París.

• Sin embargo, en marzo del mismo año sufrió una descompensación debido al agotamiento físico.

• Contrajo una enfermedad desconocida en Europa que resultó ser malaria que había sufrido cuando era niño.

• Fue declarado cesante poco tiempo después.

Muerte y legado

• El 15 de abril falleció durante un Viernes Santo lluvioso.

• Su viuda Georgette trasladaría sus restos al cementerio Montparnasse en París treinta años después.

• En su poema "Piedra negra sobre una piedra blanca", Vallejo anticipó su muerte en París.

• Fue un innovador de la producción literaria y su estilo fue más apreciado con el paso de los años.

Influencias políticas

• Fundó la célula parisina del Partido Socialista fundado por Mariátegui en Lima.

• Su obra reflejaba el marxismo y la humanidad llegó a entender su talento incomparable.

Meeting Georgette Philippart

In this section, we learn about the woman who would become a significant figure in Magritte's life.

Magritte meets Georgette Philippart

• In 1929, Magritte met Georgette Philippart, a young Parisian woman he had known for two years.

• She accompanied him for the rest of his life.