LITERATURA PERUANA DE LA CONQUISTA - Contexto histórico y representantes

La Crónica: Género Literario de la Conquista

The transcript discusses the significance of chronicles as a genre in the literature of conquest, blending history, novel, and essay elements. It explores how this genre serves as a mestizo form, providing insights into the historical past of Peru.

Characteristics of Chronicles during the Conquest Period

• Chronicles emerged with the arrival of the Spanish in the 16th century, marked by events like the capture and death of Inca Atahualpa by Francisco Pizarro.

• The capture and death of Atahualpa in 1533 signified a cultural clash leading to profound transformations in Inca society politically, socially, and culturally.

• This period was characterized by conflicts between Spanish armies, indigenous resistance, and wars among conquerors but also led to the birth of a new culture due to these diverse cultural encounters.

Literary Manifestations during the Conquest Period

• Literature focused more on historical value than literary merit due to reality surpassing fiction.

• Key literary forms included coplas (brief ironic compositions), romances (narrative poems), and chronicles (prose accounts), each serving different purposes in expressing emotions or narrating events.

Classification of Chronicles during Spanish Conquest in Peru

• Chronicles were categorized into Spanish chronicles written by conquistadors like Pedro Cieza de León and Juan de Betanzos.

• Indigenous chronicles were authored by Quechua speakers such as Juan de Santacruz Pachakutik and Guamán Poma de Ayala.

Inca Garcilaso de la Vega: Life and Works

This section discusses the life and significant works of Inca Garcilaso de la Vega, a prominent writer known for his literary contributions in the early 17th century.

Inca Garcilaso's Literary Contributions

• In 1612, he was ordained as a critic and passed away at the age of 77 on April 3, 1616. His notable works include:

• "La Florida del Inca" (1605): Narrates the Spanish expedition led by Hernando de Soto to Florida.

• "Comentarios Reales de los Incas" (1609): Emphasizes preserving Andean traditions over factual accuracy.

• "Comentarios Reales de los Incas" (1609):

• First part based on childhood memories, letters, and visits in Peru.

• Focuses on safeguarding Andean traditions rather than precise historical details.

Legacy and Writing Style

• "Historia General del Perú" (1616):

• Discusses civil wars and early colonial history.

• Published posthumously in 1617.

• Writing Style:

• Reflects his formal education and Quechua knowledge.

• Describes indigenous people and Spaniards' external and psychological traits skillfully.