Ojo: Anatomía y generalidades.

Introduction to the Eye Anatomy

Overview of the Eye

• The eye is a sensory organ closely related to the sense of sight, and this video will cover its anatomy and functions before discussing histology and physiology.

Structure of the Eye

• The eye consists of three tunics (layers) and three chambers. It is essential to study it in three dimensions, starting from external structures moving inward.

The Three Tunics of the Eye

External Tunic: Fibrous Layer

• The outermost layer, known as the fibrous or scleral-corneal tunic, includes the cornea (transparent front part with high refractive power) and sclera (white part made of dense connective tissue).

Middle Tunic: Vascular Layer

• Also called uveal tunic, it comprises the iris (colored part controlling light entry), ciliary body (involved in lens accommodation), and choroid (vascular layer providing nutrients).

Internal Tunic: Retina

• The innermost layer consists of retinal pigment epithelium and neural retina containing photoreceptors (rods and cones) that convert light into nerve signals. This structure is crucial for vision.

Chambers of the Eye

Anterior Chamber

• Located behind the cornea and in front of the iris; contains aqueous humor which nourishes both cornea and lens.

Posterior Chamber

• Situated between the back surface of the iris and anterior surface of the lens; also filled with aqueous humor.

Vitreous Chamber

Humor Acuoso y su Función en el Ojo

Composición y Función del Humor Acuoso

• El humor acuoso es secretado por los procesos ciliares y reabsorbido en el conducto de Schlemm.

• Su función principal es aportar nutrientes a la córnea y al cristalino, estructuras que carecen de vascularización.