SESIÓN 5 BIMESTRE 2 EL SISTEMA DEMOCRÁTICO, EDUCACIÓN CÍVICA 2DO GRADO

Democracy in Peru: Understanding Its Importance

Introduction to Democracy

• The lesson begins with an introduction to the topic of democracy in Peru, emphasizing its significance and inviting students to reflect on their opinions about it.

• The speaker highlights the need to understand the characteristics and mechanisms of a democratic system to foster a culture based on the common good.

Defining Democracy

• A country is considered democratic when citizens can freely vote for government authorities and express their opinions publicly.

• When power is seized through force without considering citizens' will, it indicates a lack of democracy, as people cannot voice their protests or seek justice effectively.

Political Awareness

• Many individuals may feel disconnected from politics due to daily life challenges, leading them to believe they are uninterested in political matters.

• The speaker stresses that political issues affect everyone and should not be viewed as distant concerns exclusive to politicians or experts.

Historical Context of Democracy

• The evolution of democracy has taken centuries, beginning with citizens fighting for rights and limiting governmental power.

• Ancient Greece (508–322 BC) is noted as a pivotal point where Athenian democracy allowed direct participation by male citizens who met specific criteria.

Roman Republic Contributions

• In the Roman Republic (509–27 BC), limited participatory practices like assemblies existed but were less inclusive than Athenian democracy.

• The concept of representative democracy emerged during the formation of nation-states, necessitating elected representatives due to large populations.

Characteristics of Democratic States

• A state is deemed democratic if it adheres to key principles such as:

• Separation of Powers: Power divided among legislative, executive, and judicial branches prevents control by one entity.

• Rule of Law: Ensures laws are respected by all individuals, especially those in power.

• Citizen Participation: Promotes transparency and public access to information through initiatives like popular initiatives and elections.

Conclusion

• The session concludes with encouragement for students to learn more about democratic systems and their responsibilities within this framework.