Aldehidos y Cetonas. Oxidación con KMNO4.

Oxidation Reactions of Aldehydes and Ketones

Introduction to the Experiment

• The experiment focuses on differentiating between aldehydes and ketones through oxidation reactions using potassium permanganate.

• Two test tubes are prepared: one containing an aldehyde and the other containing acetone.

Observations During Reaction

• Upon adding potassium permanganate, a color change is observed in the tube with the aldehyde, indicating oxidation; it shifts from manganese +7 (violet) to manganese +4 (reddish).

• The acetone does not show any color change, confirming that it is not oxidizable under these conditions.

Adding a Catalyst

• A diluted sulfuric acid catalyst is added to both test tubes to facilitate further reactions.

• After approximately three minutes, significant changes occur: the aldehyde continues to reduce manganese ions while acetone requires additional time for oxidation.

Final Results

• The final observation shows that manganese reduces further to +2 (colorless), while a brown precipitate of manganese oxide forms in both cases after sufficient reaction time.