Introduction to Group Behavior

This section introduces how individuals relate to society through groups, starting with the family and expanding into various social groups that influence behavior through norms.

The Role of Groups in Society

• The instinctive part of humans includes the gregarious instinct, driving the need to belong to social groups for well-being.

• Humans are born and live within groups categorized as belonging or reference groups, influencing values and behaviors.

• Belonging groups involve family or chosen affiliations pressuring members to adopt shared values and attitudes.

Types of Groups in Organizations

• Reference groups are chosen as role models but not joined, like music bands influencing adolescents' behavior.

• Groups consist of individuals with common goals and needs cooperating based on shared beliefs, values, and norms.

Formal vs. Informal Groups in Organizations

This section distinguishes between formal and informal groups within organizational settings based on structure and purpose.

Formal Groups

• Formal groups define organizational structure with specific work assignments while informal ones lack formal structure.

• Functional groups specialize in particular functions within a company, such as purchasing or human resources departments.

Stages of Group Development

Exploring the five-stage model of group development elucidates how most groups progress despite variations from this pattern.

Five Stages Model

• Formation involves uncertainty about group purpose, structure, and leadership until members identify with the group.

• Storming signifies conflict within the group regarding individuality versus collective limitations leading to established roles and norms.

Continuation of Stages of Group Development

Continuing from storming into normalization marks closer relationships forming within the group fostering cohesion.

Progression Through Stages

• Normalization phase sees close relationships developing with strong identity and camaraderie until common behavioral expectations solidify.

New Section

This section discusses the transition of group dynamics from active engagement to winding down activities, highlighting varied responses among members and distinguishing between a group and a team based on their characteristics.

Understanding Groups and Teams

• A group is defined as two or more individuals interacting to achieve common goals, while a team is considered a developed group characterized by cohesion and member commitment.

• Structural elements of groups include composition (size and homogeneity), clarity of member roles, group status within the organization, norms, and cohesion.

• Group composition's significance lies in its size and homogeneity level, affecting decision-making, communication, and relationship building. Homogeneity or diversity can be advantageous based on the group's objectives.

• Clarity of member roles enhances task efficiency and relationship dynamics within the group. Group status in the organization influences satisfaction levels.

• Norms are established behavioral guidelines within a group that provide stability by reducing potential conflicts. Cohesion reflects members' loyalty, pride, and satisfaction in belonging to the group.

New Section

This segment delves into leadership within groups, emphasizing how leadership influences motivation and competencies among members without requiring formal designation.

Leadership Dynamics

• Leadership emerges when a group member influences others' motivation or skills. Formal titles are not necessary for someone to exhibit leadership qualities within a group setting.