Conciencia Historica2.Progresión 1 Circunstancias y condiciones de lucha de independencia de México

Circumstances and Conditions Leading to the Mexican Independence

Historical Context of Mexican Independence

• The independence of Mexico, which began in 1810, was a complex process influenced by both internal and external factors, including the Bourbon Reforms and social exploitation.

• The political crisis in Spain, particularly the cessation of Fernando VI's rule, accelerated the push for independence.

Early Colonial Impact

• Following Hernán Cortés' conquest of Tenochtitlán on August 13, 1521, the era of New Spain began, marked by significant injustices against indigenous populations.

• Indigenous people faced high tributes, discrimination, and limited access to education and job opportunities.

Key Social Classes Involved

• Criollos (Spanish descendants born in America) were frustrated by their limited political rights despite their aspirations for higher positions due to their heritage.

• The influence of the French Revolution and American Independence served as inspiration for criollos and other oppressed classes seeking justice.

External Influences on Independence Movement

• Events like the French Revolution and American Independence provided motivation for Mexicans to rise against colonial rule.

• Napoleon's invasion of Spain in 1808 created a power vacuum that encouraged local uprisings in Spanish colonies.

Beginning of Armed Resistance

• This chaotic environment presented an opportunity for various social classes in Mexico to initiate their fight for independence.

• Miguel Hidalgo launched the armed movement on September 16, 1810, with his famous "Grito de Dolores," marking a pivotal moment in Mexico's quest for independence.