Ame Ed Araş II Ders 5 Amontillado RealismandReactionSection
Introduction
The instructor introduces the lesson and provides a brief overview of the short story "The Cask of Amontillado" by Edgar Allan Poe.
Overview
- The lesson is about "The Cask of Amontillado" by Edgar Allan Poe.
- The two main characters are Fortunato and Montresor.
- Montresor has imprisoned Fortunato in the cellar.
Imprisonment
Montresor imprisons Fortunato in the cellar, chaining him to a granite wall and sealing him behind a wall of building stone and mortar.
Imprisonment
- Montresor chains Fortunato to a granite wall in the cellar.
- He seals Fortunato behind a wall of building stone and mortar.
- Fortunato is too drunk to resist his imprisonment.
Revenge
Montresor takes revenge on Fortunato by imprisoning him alive behind a wall.
Revenge
- Montresor takes revenge on Fortunato for some unknown mistake he made against him.
- He seals him alive behind a wall using building stone and mortar.
- He hears no response from Fortunato after calling out his name several times.
Death
Montresor discovers that Fortunato has died behind the wall where he was imprisoned.
Death
- After hearing no response from Fortunato, Montresor shines a torch through an aperture in the wall and hears only jingling bells from within.
- He realizes that Fortunato has died behind the wall where he was imprisoned.
Conclusion
The instructor discusses dark romanticism as it relates to the story and asks for student impressions.
Dark Romanticism
- Edgar Allan Poe is a dark romanticist writer who draws attention to the dark sides of human psychology.
- Dark romanticists believe that human beings also carry illicit feelings and thoughts.
- "The Cask of Amontillado" is a dark romantic story that explores the darker side of human nature.
Student Impressions
- The story is full of irony because as readers, we know Fortunato will die but he does not.
- Montresor's revenge on Fortunato is not normal or healthy.
- The mental health of Montresor is questionable due to his obsession with revenge.
The Dark Side of Human Nature
In this section, the speaker discusses the duality of human nature and how a murderer can be a reasonable person but also mentally ill. The story highlights that reason is not enough for balance, security, life, and health.
Reason vs. Healthy Thoughts
- Montresor's reaction to Fortunato's hurt is not healthy.
- Montresor punished Fortunato severely, which may be an exaggerated punishment.
- A person's reasonable thoughts may not always be good.
- Montresor is a very reasonable man who can make plans to kill someone. However, his thoughts are not healthy.
Killers Can Be Reasonable People
- Murderers can also be reasonable people because they can make plans reasonably.
- A person can be very clever but also psychologically and mentally ill.
The Dark Side of Human Nature
- This story shows the dark side of human nature where a murderer can be a very clever and reasonable person but still mentally ill.
- Revenge is the main feeling in this story.
Single Effect Theory
In this section, the speaker discusses single effect theory and what the single effect of "The Cask of Amontillado" is.
Single Effect Theory
- Single effect theory refers to the feeling that readers get when reading a story.
- The single effect of "The Cask of Amontillado" is revenge or betrayal.
- Hatred is the main feeling in this story.
The Unreliable Narrator
In this section, the speaker discusses whether Montresor is a reliable narrator.
Montresor's Reliability
- Montresor is not a reliable narrator because he speaks nicely to disguise his bad intentions.
- He talks about his plans and motivations but is not trustworthy.
Insults and Injuries
This section discusses revenge as a reaction to insults and injuries. Revenge is seen as a severe behavior, and it is suggested that speaking to the person who caused the injury or insult should be attempted before considering revenge.
- Revenge is a severe behavior that stems from being injured or insulted.
- It is not civilized to seek revenge, so it's important to try speaking with the person first.
- If speaking doesn't work, then no action should be taken.
American Dream of Success
This section discusses the American Dream of Success and how it is based on financial and social terms. The idea that hard work leads to success is considered a myth because failure is always a possibility.
- The American Dream of Success involves becoming rich through hard work.
- However, this dream is based on financial and social terms such as having luxurious possessions and being well-liked by others.
- Hard work does not always lead to success, making the idea of working harder for riches an illusion.
- Riches can also be obtained through illegal means such as cheating others, making success an illusory term.
Realism and Reaction Section
This section discusses how Americans are perceived by people around the world as outgoing, materialistic, and optimistic due to their eagerness for new possessions.
- Americans are perceived as outgoing because they participate in community events and talk with their neighbors frequently. They are also materialistic because they desire new possessions like cars and televisions sets. Finally, they are optimistic because they believe in their ability to do good things in a good world.
- This perception of Americans is based on the idea that they always work hard to achieve success and riches, which is part of the American Dream.
Reasons for American Optimism
This section discusses the reasons behind American optimism.
Factors Contributing to American Optimism
- Americans are optimistic because they feel secure and there is no threat coming to the United States.
- America was becoming very rich and was becoming the superpower in the world, which contributed to their optimism.
- The country has enough power to do the best things because of its vast resources and fruitful land.
- America is a lonely country with no threatening neighbors, which makes them feel secure.
Pessimistic Tone in American Literature
This section talks about how some writers criticize the American Dream and society.
Criticism of American Society in Literature
- American literature at its best has rarely been the product of such Americans who believe in the perfectibility of man or institutions.
- By the end of the 19th century, popular poets and novelists had been challenged by Mark Twain, Stephen Crane, and Henry James who criticized society's degeneration due to wealth.
- The enduring writing of the first quarter of the 20th Century is often critical of American society; its tone is satirical.
- These writers found wrong with the American dream of success or found some degeneration in society where people became more ethically degenerated as they became richer.
The American Dream and Criticism of Society
This section discusses how the American dream of success is often associated with illegal activities such as smuggling, prostitution, or cheating. Writers like Crane and James were critical of this way of life and saw degeneration in all classes of people in American society. They were anxious about the future of the United States becoming more capitalist and morally degenerated.
The Degeneration in American Society
- Climbing the social ladder often involves illegal activities.
- Writers like Crane and James were critical of this way of life.
- They saw degeneration in all classes of people in American society.
- They were anxious about the future of the United States becoming more capitalist and morally degenerated.
Theodore Dreiser and Naturalism
This section talks about Theodore Dreiser being a naturalist writer who severely criticizes social ills in society. He shows readers how society affects individuals rather than focusing on individuals apart from their environment.
Theodore Dreiser's Writing Style
- Theodore Dreiser was perhaps the first important new American voice of the 20th century.
- He was more concerned with society's effect on a person than with a man apart from his environment.
- His treatment of social forces which produced murders, prostitutes, as well as business successes is modern as ghetto literature.
- He emphasized subjects that people do not like to talk about, such as murderers and prostitutes, to draw attention to all levels of society.
Naturalist Writers and Political Change
This section discusses why naturalist writers talk about unpleasant subjects such as murderers or prostitutes. They want to show all levels of society and bring about political change by changing people's point of view and government practices.
The Purpose of Naturalist Writing
- Naturalist writers talk about unpleasant subjects to show all levels of society.
- They want to bring about political change by changing people's point of view and government practices.
- Their writing is political in nature.
Reasons for Corruption in Society
In this section, the speaker discusses the reasons behind people's corruption and how writers draw attention to these issues.
Reasons for Corruption
- The speaker suggests that inequality in society can be a reason for corruption.
- Poverty and love of money are also mentioned as potential reasons for corruption.
- The American dream of success is discussed as a factor that can lead to corruption.
- The American dream of success and poverty are identified as reasons for degeneration in societies.
Writers' Warnings
- Writers draw attention to the faults with the American way of life and warn against corrupt thinking.
- These writers warn people because they believe that Americans were becoming corrupt due to their pursuit of the American dream of success.
Minority Groups in America
In this section, the speaker talks about minority groups in America during the second half of the 19th century.
Poor People in Society
- Although America was a very rich country during this time period, there were still many poor people who did not enjoy its wealth.
Minority Groups
- The speaker mentions several minority groups such as black people, Mexicans, immigrants from Europe, and Asia who were not enjoying the richness of America.
Pessimistic Views on American Society
In this section, the speaker discusses how most writers talked about pessimistic views on American society.
Dark Side of American Society
- Most writers talk about pessimistic views on American society and the dark side of American society.