🔥AWS Full Course 2026 | AWS Tutorial For Beginners 2026 | AWS Training For Beginners | Simplilearn

Introduction to AWS

In this section, the speaker introduces the video and explains that they will cover various important aspects revolving around AWS and its related concepts in depth. They also provide an introduction to what is AWS.

• The speaker explores cloud computing services like compute, storage, database, and networking.

• The speaker discusses some of the important features related to containers, storage, security data, and other services such as EC2, S3, IM, CloudFormation, Route 53, ECS, Beanstalk, VPC, SageMaker, CloudFront Auto Scaling and Redshift.

• The speaker compares AWS with other cloud platforms like Azure and GCP based on various parameters. They also discuss how Kubernetes is implemented on AWS.

• The speaker focuses on how one can adopt AWS in their career path towards becoming an AWS Cloud Practitioner or Solution Architect. They also discuss the top 10 reasons why AWS is a better option to go with.

• The speaker concludes by discussing essential interview questions and answers to help individuals clear an interview with full confidence.

How Can AWS Help Rob's Online Portal?

In this section of the video transcript we learn about Amazon Web Services (AWS), which is a secure cloud computing platform that provides computing power database networking content storage among others. We see how it can help Rob improve his online portal's performance without having to invest in a new server.

• The speaker explains how AWS reached its current position as one of the leaders in the cloud computing market since its introduction in 2002.

• The speaker defines what is meant by Amazon Web Services (AWS).

• The speaker explains how AWS provides compute services that can support the app development process from start to finish.

• The speaker discusses how AWS storage services enable users to store, access, govern and analyze data to ensure that costs are reduced agility is improved an innovation accelerated.

• The speaker explains how Rob can store user data in a database with AWS Services which he can then optimize and manage.

• The speaker discusses how networking services provided by AWS would allow Rob to separate his cloud infrastructure or scale up his work requests.

Conclusion

In this section of the video transcript we learn about a quiz on AWS services and conclude the video.

• A quiz is presented asking which of these services are incorrectly matched.

Introduction to AWS

In this section, Sam introduces himself and talks about the benefits of AWS. He also discusses how life was without cloud providers and how AWS has changed that.

Benefits of AWS

• Companies like Netflix, Twitch, LinkedIn, Facebook, and BBC have found great success with AWS.

• AWS professionals are in high demand and earn up to more than 127 thousand dollars per annum.

• With present-day cloud technology, new servers can be provisioned instantaneously with swift tools and technologies provided by Amazon.

• Applications provisioned in AWS are reliable because they run on a reliable infrastructure. They are scalable because they run on an on-demand infrastructure. They are flexible because of the design options available in the cloud.

What is AWS?

• Cloud still runs on hardware, but there are certain features in that infrastructure that make it a cloud provider like security, compute capacity, databases, content caching in various global locations around the planet.

• The best part is that everything is available on a pay-as-you-go model. The less you use it, the less you pay; the more you use it, the less you pay per unit.

History of AWS

• Launched in 2002 after Amazon wanted to sell their remaining or unused infrastructure as a service for customers to buy and use from them.

• In 2015 through 2016, AWS launched products and services that helped migrate customer services into AWS.

• As we speak Amazon has more than 100 products and services available for customers to benefit from.

Services Offered by AWS

In this section, Sam talks about some of the services offered by AWS.

S3

• S3 is a great tool for internet backup and is the cheapest storage option in the object storage category.

• The data that we put in S3 is retrievable from the internet.

Migration and Data Collection

• We can collect data seamlessly and also monitor or analyze real-time data being received.

EC2

• EC2 provides scalable computing capacity in the cloud.

• It allows us to choose from different instance types optimized for various use cases.

RDS

• RDS makes it easy to set up, operate, and scale a relational database in the cloud.

• It provides cost-efficient and resizable capacity while automating time-consuming administration tasks such as hardware provisioning, database setup, patching, and backups.

Lambda

• Lambda lets you run code without provisioning or managing servers.

• You pay only for the compute time you consume - there is no charge when your code is not running.

AWS Services Overview

In this section, the speaker provides an overview of various AWS services such as Amazon notifications, KMS key management system, and Lambda.

AWS Services

• Amazon provides notifications through email or SMS for alarms or service notifications.

• KMS key management system uses AES 256-bit encryption to encrypt data at rest.

• Lambda is a service where payment is made only for the time in seconds it takes to execute code. It's cost-effective compared to paying for hourly basis services.

Benefits of Using AWS

In this section, the speaker talks about how companies have benefited from using AWS as their IT provider. The examples given are Unilever and Kellogg's.

Unilever Case Study

• Unilever chose to move part of their applications to AWS because their existing environment could not support their changing IT demands.

• Rollouts, provisioning new applications, and infrastructure became easy with push-button scaling. Backups were safe and securely accessed from the cloud.

Kellogg's Case Study

• Kellogg's business model was dependent on analyzing data really fast. They needed SAP running on Hana environment which they picked as a service in the cloud.

• Moving to the cloud solved their problem of maintaining legacy infrastructures and heavy compute capacity.

Spotify Case Study

In this section, the speaker talks about how Spotify faced issues with storage before using AWS and how AWS solved their problem.

Spotify Case Study

• Before using AWS, Spotify faced issues with increased demand for storage which led to users getting upset and canceling subscriptions.

• AWS offered dynamically increasing storage, tools like storage lifecycle management and trusted advisor to properly utilize resources. Scaling the environment was easy with just a few button clicks.

Conclusion

In this section, the speaker talks about what AWS is, how it became successful, the different types of services it provides, and the future of cloud and AWS.

Conclusion

• AWS is an online music service offering instant access to over 16 million licensed songs.

• AWS became successful by offering dynamically increasing storage, tools like storage lifecycle management and trusted advisor to properly utilize resources.

• The future of cloud and AWS is bright as more companies are moving towards cloud-based solutions.

Introduction to AWS

In this section, the speaker introduces Amazon Web Services (AWS) and explains how it provides on-demand cloud computing services to businesses of all sizes.

AWS Services and Benefits

• AWS offers on-demand cloud computing services that are available in a matter of seconds.

• AWS provides identity and access management for authenticating and authorizing users or programs on the fly.

• Most AWS services are available instantaneously, with over 100 services currently offered.

• Many well-known companies use AWS, including Adobe, Airbnb, Autodesk, AOL, Bitdefender, BMW Group, Comcast, Docker, European Space Agency (ESA), The Guardian newspaper, Financial Times (FD), General Electric (GE), Harvard Medical School (HMS), HTC Corporation, IMDb.com Inc., McDonald's Corporation and NASA.

Examples of Companies Using AWS

Adobe

• Adobe uses AWS to provide multi-terabyte operating environments for its customers by integrating its system with the AWS Cloud.

Airbnb

• Airbnb has a huge infrastructure in AWS and is almost using all the services in it.

Autodesk

• Autodesk uses Amazon RDS or Rational Database Service and Amazon S3 or Simple Storage Service to focus on developing machine learning tools instead of managing infrastructure.

AOL

• AOL uses AWS to close data centers and decommission about 14k servers while moving mission-critical workloads to the cloud.

Bitdefender

• Bitdefender uses EC2 and Elastic Load Balancer to handle about 5 terabytes of data.

BMW Group

• BMW Group uses AWS for its new connected car application that collects sensor data from BMW 7 Series cars to give drivers dynamically updated map information.

Comcast

• Comcast uses AWS in a hybrid environment for its flexibility and scalable hybrid infrastructure.

Docker

• Docker is using Amazon EC2 Container Service to make use of containers for building, shipping, and running applications.

European Space Agency (ESA)

• ESA chose AWS because of its economical pay-as-you-go system as well as its quick startup time.

The Guardian newspaper

• The Guardian newspaper uses a wide range of AWS services including Amazon Kinesis and Amazon Redshift that power an analytic dashboard which editors used to see how stories are trending in real-time.

Financial Times (FD)

• FD used Amazon Redshift to perform their analysis with costs that are 80% lower than before.

General Electric (GE)

• GE is migrating more than 9000 workloads including 300 desperate ERP systems to AWS while reducing its data center footprint from 34 to 4 over the next three years.

Why Companies Choose AWS

• Companies choose AWS because of the security, durability, end-to-end privacy, encryption of data and storage experience.

• They can rely on the tools and techniques provided by AWS built upon years of experience.

• AWS provides greater flexibility in selecting the OS language and database, easy to use swiftness in deploying applications quickly.

AWS Compute, Storage and Database Services

In this section, the speaker discusses various AWS services related to compute, storage, and databases.

AWS Compute Services

• Amazon EC2 provides secure and resizable compute capacity in the cloud. It can expand or shrink its environment based on user requirements.

• Amazon Elastic Beanstalk helps scale and deploy web applications with multiple programming languages. It handles deployment from capacity provisioning to load balancing to auto-scaling.

• Amazon Lightsail is an easy-to-launch virtual private server that includes everything needed for a project at a low price.

• AWS Lambda allows users to run code without provisioning or managing servers. It scales automatically from few requests per day to thousands per second.

AWS Storage Services

• Amazon S3 is an object storage built for storing any amount of data from anywhere with flexibility in managing data, durability, and security.

• Amazon Glacier is a cloud storage service used for archiving data and long-term backups at extremely low cost.

• Amazon Elastic Block Store provides highly available and reliable block store volumes for EC2 instances that persist independently from the lifetime of the instance.

• Amazon Elastic File System provides elastic file storage that can be used with AWS cloud services and resources on-premises. It elastically scales on demand without disturbing the application.

AWS Database Services

• Amazon RDS eases setting up, operating, and scaling a relational database in the cloud while automating time-consuming administrative tasks such as hardware provisioning, database setup, patching, backups etc.

• Amazon Redshift is a fast and fully managed data warehouse that makes it simple and cost-effective to analyze all your data using standard SQL and existing business intelligence tools.

Planning a Data Center Migration

In this section, the speaker discusses the importance of server utilization data and dependency mapping in planning a data center migration. They introduce AWS Application Discovery Service as a tool to collect configuration, usage, and behavior data from servers.

Key Points:

• Planning a data center migration can involve thousands of workloads that are often deeply interdependent.

• Server utilization data and dependency mapping are important early first steps in the migration process.

• AWS Application Discovery Service collects configuration, usage, and behavior data from servers to help understand workloads.

AWS Network and Content Delivery Services

This section covers AWS network and content delivery services such as Route 53 for DNS management, Elastic Load Balancing for traffic distribution across multiple targets, and Auto Scaling for automatic capacity adjustments.

Key Points:

• Route 53 is an available and scalable Cloud Domain Name System (DNS) service that is fully compliant with IPv6.

• Elastic Load Balancing automatically distributes incoming application traffic across multiple targets such as Amazon EC2 instances, containers, and IP addresses.

• It can handle varying loads of application traffic in single or multiple availability zones.

• AWS Auto Scaling monitors applications and adjusts capacity to maintain steady performance at the lowest possible cost.

Future of AWS

The speaker talks about how cloud computing is here to stay. They discuss how cloud computing will expand into other markets like healthcare, banking space automated cars. They also mention that greater focus will be given to artificial intelligence.

Key Points:

• Cloud computing is here to stay, and we will see a variety of cloud applications born in the future.

• Greater focus will be given to artificial intelligence.

• As cloud computing expands into other markets like healthcare, banking space automated cars, more companies will move into the cloud.

Deploying a Web Application in AWS

In this section, the speaker discusses how easy it is to deploy a web application in AWS. They use Elastic Beanstalk for this project and explain how they can use services like Route 53, CloudWatch, EC2, S3 and more to create an application that meets their needs.

Key Points:

• The scenario is deploying a web application that keeps users updated about happenings and new products in the market.

• Services needed include EC2 for provisioning computational power, S3 for storage requirements, CloudWatch for monitoring environment and providing triggers for scaling infrastructure, and Route 53 for DNS management.

• All these tools put together can make an application that caters to our needs.

• Elastic Beanstalk launches an instance with monitoring setup or environment creation along with load balancer creation and security features needed for the application.

DynamoDB and Cloud Computing Services

In this section, the speaker discusses how DynamoDB is used to store data for an application. They also provide an overview of cloud computing services.

Storing Data with DynamoDB

• DynamoDB is used to store data for the application.

• The infrastructure runs behind a load balancer and auto scaling group.

• A custom URL is created using Route 53 to map to the load balancer.

Overview of Cloud Computing Services

• Cloud computing services can be classified into a few basic types.

• Cloud computing provides faster innovation, more flexible resources, and economies of scale.

• Cloud computing services include email storage, backup, data retrieval, app creation, testing, data analysis, audio/video streaming, and software on demand.

• Cloud computing is being used by a wide range of organizations including large enterprises, small businesses, non-profits, government agencies and individual consumers.

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

In this section, the speaker provides an overview of Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS).

What is IaaS?

• IaaS uses the internet to provide virtualized computing resources such as storage servers and networking resources.

• IaaS can make tasks faster easier more flexible and less expensive for businesses.

Working of IaaS

• Users connect to resources across a wide area network and use the cloud provider services to complete applications.

• Customers can track cost, monitor performance, balance network traffic, solve application difficulties and manage disaster recovery using the provider service.

Platform as a Service (PaaS)

In this section, the speaker provides an overview of Platform as a Service (PaaS).

What is PaaS?

• PaaS is a type of cloud computing that provides a platform for developers to build applications.

• PaaS allows developers to focus on building applications rather than managing infrastructure.

Working of PaaS

• Developers can use pre-built templates and tools provided by the cloud provider to build their applications.

• The cloud provider manages the underlying infrastructure such as servers, storage, and networking.

Software as a Service (SaaS)

In this section, the speaker provides an overview of Software as a Service (SaaS).

What is SaaS?

• SaaS is a type of cloud computing that delivers software over the internet.

• SaaS eliminates the need for users to install and run software on their own computers.

Working of SaaS

• Users access software through a web browser or mobile app provided by the cloud provider.

• The cloud provider manages all aspects of software delivery including maintenance and updates.

Conclusion

In this section, the speaker concludes the video by summarizing the key points discussed.

• Cloud computing provides faster innovation, more flexible resources, and economies of scale.

• Cloud computing services can be classified into a few basic types including IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.

• Each type of cloud computing service has its own benefits and use cases.

• Cloud computing is being used by a wide range of organizations including large enterprises, small businesses, non-profits, government agencies and individual consumers.

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

This section discusses the advantages and disadvantages of using Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) cloud computing model.

Advantages of IaaS

• Organizations can rent or lease infrastructure from another company, making it easier, faster, and more cost-effective to operate workloads without having to buy, manage, and support the underlying infrastructure.

• IaaS is an effective cloud service paradigm for transitory, experimental or rapidly changing workloads. For example, if a company is creating a new software product, hiring an IaaS provider to host and test the application may be more cost-effective.

• Once the new software has been thoroughly tested and refined in an IaaS environment, the company can move it away from the IaaS environment into a more traditional in-house deployment if long-term expenses are lower.

Disadvantages of IaaS

• Billing can be challenging for some forms despite its flexible pay-as-you-go model. Cloud invoicing is quite detailed and broken down to reflect specific service usage. When evaluating invoices for each resource and service involved in application deployment uses frequently experience sticker shock or discover expenses that are greater than expected.

• Lack of insight because providers own the infrastructure; configuration and performance of that infrastructure are rarely transparent to its consumers. Users may find it more difficult to operate and monitor systems due to lack of transparency.

• Users of IaaS are also concerned about service availability and reliability. The supplier has a big influence on workload availability and performance. Workloads will be impacted if a provider has network constraints or any other type of internal or external outage.

• Noisy neighbors might have an adverse effect on user's workloads because it is a multi-tenant design.

Platform as a Service (PaaS)

This section discusses the advantages and disadvantages of using Platform as a Service (PaaS) cloud computing model.

Working of PaaS

• PaaS products are geared towards software development teams and include computing and storage infrastructure, as well as a development platform layer that includes web servers, database management systems, and software development kits for multiple programming languages.

• It does not replace an organization's complete I.T infrastructure. It's made possible by the hosted infrastructure of a cloud service provider. A web browser is the most common way for users to access the offerings platform is a service such as application hosting and Java development can be supplied by public, private, or hybrid clouds.

Advantages of PaaS

• The main advantage of PaaS for users is its simplicity and convenience. Much of the infrastructure and other ID services will be provided by the PaaS provider which users can access from anywhere via a web browser. The flexibility to pay on a per-use basis allows businesses to forego capital costs associated with on-premises gear and software.

• Many PaaS solutions are aimed towards software developers. These platforms provide computation and storage infrastructures, text editing version management compilation, and testing capabilities to assist developers in swiftly developing new software.

Disadvantages of PaaS

• Customers may suffer due to service outages or other infrastructure interruptions, which might result in costly productivity losses. IT supplies, on the other hand, will typically deliver reasonably high uptimes.

• Another widespread problem is when the lock-in occurs when users are unable to simply transition many of their services and data from one PaaS solution to another. When choosing a provider, users must consider the business risk of service outages and vendor lock-in.

• Internal changes to a PaaS product could also be a problem. The impact on users might be tough and receptive if a PaaS provider seizes supporting a programming language or chooses to use a different set of development tools.

Top IaaS and PaaS Providers

This section lists some of the top Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) and Platform as a Service (PaaS) providers.

Top IaaS Providers

• Linode is a privately held Cloud hosting firm based in the United States that offers virtual private servers, host wins web hosting, Cloud hosting, and dedicated server options.

• Microsoft Azure is a cloud computing service operated by Microsoft for application management via Microsoft managed data centers.

• DigitalOcean offers developers cloud services that make it easy to deploy and grow programs that run on several machines at the same time.

• Alibaba Cloud is a cloud computing firm that serves online businesses as well as Alibaba's own e-commerce ecosystem.

Top PaaS Providers

• No specific providers were mentioned in this section.

Cloud Computing Services

This section provides an overview of different types of cloud computing services, including Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Software as a Service (SaaS). It also discusses the advantages and disadvantages of SaaS.

Types of Cloud Computing Services

• Amazon Web Services is an application deployment orchestration solution.

• Salesforce offers CRM services, enterprise applications for customer service, marketing automation, analytics, and application development.

• Software AG Cloud is an open and independent cloud platform that serves as a one-stop-shop for all software offered by Software AG in the cloud.

Software as a Service (SaaS)

• SaaS companies offer customer relationship management (CRM), marketing automation, and business analytics among other application-level services.

• The provider gives consumers network-based access to a single copy of an application designed expressly for SaaS distribution.

• Customers subscribe to SaaS solutions rather than buying and installing software or additional gear.

• Vertical scalability is a feature of cloud services like SaaS which allows clients to access more or fewer services or features on demand.

Advantages

• Firms can budget more effectively by converting costs to recurrent operating expenses.

• Systems are frequently customizable and can be connected with other corporate applications.

Disadvantages

• Providers may impose undesirable modifications to service offerings or suffer a security breach.

• Organizations may need to allocate additional training time and resources if the provider adopts a new version of an application.

• Switching vendors can be tough as customers must migrate massive volumes of data when switching vendors.

Top Companies Providing SaaS

• Adobe is a collection of Adobe Incorporation programs and services that provide users with access to software for graphic design, video editing, web development, photography, as well as mobile apps and certain optional cloud services.

• SAP is a platform as a service designed by SAP SE for developing new applications and enhancing existing ones in a secure cloud computing environment managed by SAP.

• Google Cloud Platform is a set of cloud computing services provided by Google that run on the same infrastructure as Google's internal products such as Google search, Gmail, Drive, and YouTube.

• Freshworks Cloud Platform allows users to manage their identities and access across all of their Freshworks products.

Benefits and Features of Cloud Computing Services

This section discusses the benefits and features of cloud computing services.

Benefits

• The supplier hosts and maintains the site in their own facility; users avoid construction expenditures and maintenance problems that would be incurred if the service was established on-premise.

• Users can initiate certain service functions using a web-based interface through which they can increase or reduce their service consumption level with little or no intervention from the service provider.

• Users of the service only pay for the services they use, resulting in significant cost savings.

• Cloud computing service providers usually have the infrastructure in place to deliver their services at a large scale, allowing cloud service consumers to readily accommodate business expansion or periodic surges in service usage.

Conclusion

This section concludes the video and provides an overview of what was covered.

• The video provided an overview of different types of cloud computing services, including IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.

• It also discussed the advantages and disadvantages of SaaS and provided information on top companies providing SaaS.

• Finally, it covered the benefits and features of cloud computing services.

Introduction to Cloud Computing

In this section, the instructor introduces cloud computing and AWS. He explains how cloud computing is different from traditional on-premise data centers and how AWS can help businesses reduce expenses and complexity.

What is Cloud Computing?

• Cloud computing provides access to infrastructure through web services with a pay-as-you-go model.

• Traditional on-premise data centers require provisioning of lots of infrastructure before deploying any application.

• Provisioning infrastructure for an application traditionally takes about three months.

• Infrastructure as a service allows us to provision servers, databases, and storage within minutes through API calls.

What is AWS?

• AWS is a cloud computing platform that offers many services through API calls.

• Services offered by AWS range from bare infrastructure to software as a service.

• S3 (Simple Storage Service) is an example of public data storage provided by AWS.

Benefits of Cloud Computing

• Using a cloud provider like AWS reduces the expense and complexity of setting up infrastructure on-premise.

• Pay-as-you-go model allows for variable expenses instead of capital expenses upfront.

• Removing undifferentiated lifting allows businesses to concentrate on their applications and improving them.

• Physical security is already implemented in data centers all over the world that we can plug into.

Cloud Computing Overview

This section provides an overview of cloud computing and the different types of services offered by AWS.

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

• AWS handles networking, storage elasticity, compute power, physical machine administration, and physical security.

• Allows more time to focus on managing applications.

• More hands-on approach than Platform as a Service (PaaS) or Software as a Service (SaaS).

Platform as a Service (PaaS)

• AWS installs and maintains operating systems, middleware, and runtime environments.

• Allows for a more hands-off approach to application deployment.

• Useful for setting up CI/CD deployment environments.

Software as a Service (SaaS)

• AWS manages everything underneath the hood like servers or network configuration.

• Users just want to use the software without having to administrate anything else.

Simple Storage Service (S3)

This section covers Amazon's Simple Storage Service (S3), which is an object storage service that allows users to upload any type of file.

• S3 treats all files uploaded as objects.

• Industry-leading scalability with requests scaling underlying infrastructure behind the scenes.

• Data availability is very powerful with replication across at least three availability zones globally.

• Data security can be ensured through encryption at rest and in transit.

Introduction to Amazon S3

In this section, the speaker introduces Amazon S3 and explains how it is used to store objects of different shapes and sizes. The speaker also discusses the different ways in which objects can be placed within a bucket.

What is Amazon S3?

• Amazon S3 is a logical container for an unlimited amount of objects.

• Objects can be of different shapes and sizes, such as pictures or database backups.

• Buckets are like folders where objects or files are placed within.

Placing Objects in a Bucket

• There are many ways to place objects within a bucket, including through the AWS console, command line interface, or software development kit.

• All options go through an API.

• Choosing the right method depends on the end user or application that needs access to these buckets and objects.

Controlling Access to Data

• Once data or objects are within a bucket, you can control how they are accessed, stored, encrypted, and managed.

• Object locks can be applied for compliance needs.

• Security guards can be implemented.

• API actions can be recorded for auditing purposes.

Benefits of Amazon S3

• Many organizations use Amazon S3 because of its performance scalability availability and durability.

• 11 nines durability means it's almost impossible to lose an object once it's placed in S3 statistically speaking.

• Cost-effective with low cost object level storage starting at $1 per month for a terabyte of storage.

Advantages of Using Amazon S3

In this section, the speaker discusses the advantages of using Amazon S3. These include security features such as encryption and object locks as well as the ability to query data in place.

Security Features

• Security is always at the forefront with Amazon S3.

• Encryption can be used for data at rest or in transit.

• Object locks can be applied to maintain security at the bucket level.

• Public access to buckets can be restricted.

Querying Data

• SQL queries can be used on structured or semi-structured data in S3.

• Other services can extract business intelligence from data in an S3 bucket directly.

• Advanced querying operations are possible at the S3 level.

Objects and Buckets in Amazon S3

In this section, the speaker explains that objects are the fundamental entities stored in Amazon S3. The speaker also discusses how different types of data may require different storage classes and how this affects cost.

Objects

• Objects are the lowest common denominator stored in Amazon S3.

• The type of data being stored is not important.

Storage Classes

• Different types of data may require different storage classes depending on how frequently it is accessed over time.

• This affects end-of-month costs for storage with Amazon S3.

S3 Overview

In this section, the speaker provides an overview of Amazon S3 and its architecture.

What is metadata in S3?

• Metadata in S3 refers to data about the object itself, such as its name, size, and upload date.

• Objects within a bucket can be accessed by other services.

What are buckets in S3?

• Buckets are logical containers used to store objects.

• Buckets are not hierarchical storage systems; instead, they use prefixes to organize objects within them.

• Objects cannot exist without being stored in a bucket first.

How does region selection work in S3?

• When creating a bucket, you must select a region for it to live in.

• The object will be replicated across several availability zones within that region.

• Data within that region can be accessed globally using HTTP protocol and proper permission policies.

Creating Buckets and Uploading Objects

In this section, the speaker demonstrates how to create an S3 bucket and upload objects to it.

Creating an S3 Bucket

• Bucket names must be globally unique since they become globally accessible.

• You can pick a region closest to your end-users or choose the global option for accessibility.

• Buckets are created at a regional level but can still be accessed globally.

Uploading Objects to an S3 Bucket

• Objects can be uploaded individually or as entire folders.

• Once uploaded, objects can be accessed via HTTP protocol with proper permission policies.

Understanding Amazon S3 Storage Classes

In this section, the speaker explains the different storage classes available in Amazon S3 and how to transition between them to save on storage costs.

Object Metadata

• Objects consist of both data and metadata.

• The metadata includes important information such as the object's creation date and its unique ARN (Amazon Resource Name).

• The ARN is necessary for referencing objects in policies or other services that communicate with S3.

Storage Classes

• When uploading an object to a bucket, you must select which storage class it will reside in.

• There are six storage classes available, each with its own characteristics.

• By default, objects are placed in the S3 Standard storage class, which is the most expensive option.

• As an object becomes less frequently accessed over time, it can be transitioned to a lower-cost storage class.

Standard Storage Class

• The S3 Standard storage class is best for frequently accessed data.

• It has the highest level of accessibility and durability.

Infrequent Access Storage Class

• The S3 Infrequent Access (IA) storage class is suitable for objects not modified for more than 30 days.

• AWS recommends only putting objects in IA if they haven't been accessed for at least 30 days to receive a price reduction.

• If you remove objects before the 30-day limit, you will be charged a surcharge for retrieving them.

Glacier Deep Archive Storage Class

• Amazon Glacier Deep Archive is ideal for long-term storage of data that hasn't been modified in over 180 days.

• It's significantly cheaper than other options but doesn't operate through the AWS console like other classes do.

• You can only create a logical container called a "vault" via the console; uploading files requires using CLI or SDK.

One Zone Infrequent Access Storage Class

• The One Zone IA storage class is a cheaper option than the standard and IA classes.

• Objects are stored in only one availability zone, reducing costs but also increasing the risk of data loss if that zone goes down.

Transitioning Between Storage Classes

• Transitioning between storage classes can help save on storage costs over time.

• As an object becomes less frequently accessed, it can be moved to a lower-cost storage class.

• AWS provides tools to automate this process based on access patterns.

S3 Storage Classes

In this section, the speaker discusses the different storage classes available in Amazon S3 and their use cases.

S3 Storage Classes

• There are several storage classes available in Amazon S3, including Standard, Intelligent-Tiering, Standard-Infrequent Access (IA), One Zone-Infrequent Access (Z-IA), and Glacier.

• Standard IA is a good option for data that you're willing to lose or lose access to for short periods of time if ever that single availability zone goes down. It's about 20% cheaper than the normal IA standard price.

• Standard Reduced Redundancy Storage is getting phased out because it's about the same price as the normal IA standard class but offers less redundancy.

• One Zone IA is a good fit for objects that you don't mind losing if that one availability zone goes down. It's cheaper than other storage classes but has less redundancy.

S3 Lifecycle Management

In this section, the speaker discusses how to automate transitioning objects from one storage class to another using lifecycle management rules.

Lifecycle Management Rules

• Lifecycle management allows us to automate transitioning of objects from one storage class to another without manually copying them over.

• You define two things: transition action and expiration action. Transition actions can be used to transition an object from one storage class to another after a certain period of time. Expiration actions can be used to delete an object after a certain period of time.

• You can define rules based on usage patterns and decide which data should be stored in which storage class.

• S3 Intelligent-Tiering analyzes your workload using machine learning algorithms and automatically transitions objects from S3 standard to S3 standard infrequent access after 30 days of analyzing access patterns.

• There is a monitoring fee for implementing intelligent tiering, but it saves time and effort compared to manually monitoring data access patterns.

Creating Lifecycle Rules

• To create a lifecycle rule, go to the management tab in your bucket and click on "Lifecycle Rule." Define transition and expiration actions based on usage patterns.

Introduction to Amazon S3

In this section, the instructor introduces Amazon S3 and its features.

What is Amazon S3?

• Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3) is a cloud-based object storage service that provides developers with secure, durable, and scalable storage.

• It can store and retrieve any amount of data from anywhere on the web.

• It is designed to be highly available, scalable, and cost-effective.

Features of Amazon S3

• Highly Scalable

• Can store unlimited amounts of data

• Can handle millions of requests per second

• Durability and Availability

• Data is stored redundantly across multiple devices in multiple facilities

• Designed for 99.999999999% durability

• Provides 99.99% availability for objects over a given year

• Security and Compliance

• Provides encryption at rest and in transit

• Compliant with various security standards such as HIPAA, PCI DSS, etc.

• Management and Administration

• Provides various management tools such as AWS Management Console, CLI, SDKs etc.

Creating an S3 Bucket

In this section, the instructor explains how to create an S3 bucket using the AWS Management Console.

Steps to Create an S3 Bucket

• Log in to the AWS Management Console.

• Navigate to the S3 service page.

• Click on "Create Bucket" button.

• Enter a unique name for the bucket and select the region where you want to create it.

• Choose the desired configuration options such as versioning, encryption, etc.

• Review and confirm your settings.

• Click on "Create Bucket" button.

Uploading Objects to S3

In this section, the instructor explains how to upload objects to an S3 bucket using various methods.

Methods to Upload Objects

• AWS Management Console

• Navigate to the desired bucket and click on "Upload" button

• Select the file(s) you want to upload and configure any additional settings

• Click on "Upload" button

• AWS CLI

• Use "aws s3 cp" command with appropriate parameters such as source file path, destination S3 URL, etc.

• AWS SDKs

• Use appropriate SDK for your programming language and follow its documentation

Accessing Objects in S3

In this section, the instructor explains how to access objects stored in an S3 bucket.

Ways to Access Objects

• Using Object URL

• Each object has a unique URL that can be accessed via web browser or programmatic access

• Using AWS Management Console

• Navigate to the desired bucket and click on object name/link

• Preview or download object as needed

• Using AWS CLI or SDKs

• Use appropriate command or function to retrieve object data

S3 Storage Classes and Lifecycle Policies

In this section, the instructor explains different storage classes available in S3 and how to use lifecycle policies to manage object transitions between these classes.

S3 Storage Classes

• Standard

• Default storage class for all objects

• Provides high durability, availability, and performance

• Intelligent-Tiering

• Automatically moves objects between two access tiers based on changing access patterns

• Standard-Infrequent Access (IA)

• For infrequently accessed data that still requires high durability and low latency retrieval times

• One Zone-Infrequent Access (One Zone IA)

• Same as Standard-IA but stores data in a single availability zone instead of multiple zones

• Glacier

• For long-term archival of data that is rarely accessed

• Glacier Deep Archive

• Lowest cost storage option for long-term archival of data that may never be accessed again

Lifecycle Policies

• Allows you to define rules for transitioning objects between different storage classes based on certain criteria such as age, size, etc.

• Can also be used to expire/delete objects after a certain period of time.

Bucket Policies

In this section, the instructor explains how bucket policies can be used to control access to an S3 bucket.

IAM Policies

• IAM stands for Identity and Access Management.

• IAM policies are used to control access to AWS resources such as S3 buckets.

• Policies are written in JSON format and can be attached to a bucket to allow or deny access to specific users or services.

Bucket Policies

• Bucket policies are a type of IAM policy that specifically controls access to an S3 bucket and its objects.

• Can be used to grant read/write permissions, restrict access by IP address, etc.

• Can be created using the AWS Management Console or by writing the JSON policy manually.

Creating an S3 Bucket Policy

In this section, the speaker explains how to create an S3 bucket policy using a policy generator. The policy generator is a form-based graphical user interface that allows users to generate a JSON document for the bucket policy.

Using the Policy Generator

• To create an S3 bucket policy, select "S3 Bucket Policy" as the policy type in the policy generator.

• Choose whether to allow or deny access to the S3 bucket. For demonstration purposes, select "star," which means anything or anybody can access this S3 bucket.

• Select which actions you want to allow by checking off specific API actions. For demonstration purposes, select "all action."

• Specify the Amazon resource name (ARN) of that bucket specifically by copying and pasting it into the generator and clicking "add statement."

• Generate the JSON document for your new policy by clicking "generate policy." Copy and paste it into your S3 bucket policy pane.

Denying Access

• You can flip this and change it to a deny, which would basically say we don't want anybody or any other service to have access to this S3 bucket. This creates a very iron-clad S3 bucket policy which denies all access to this bucket and its objects within.

Allowing Access

• If you're hosting a public website and you want everybody just to have read access to every single object in your bucket, allowing access would make more sense. However, please pay close attention to this type of access flagged over here on the console before doing so.

Block Public Access Setting

• To enable public access, go back to the permissions tab and unblock the "Block Public Access" setting. Confirm that you want to do this by performing two actions before the public access can be granted.

• Once you have enabled public access, save your changes successfully and note that now it's publicly accessible which is a big red flag that perhaps this is not something that you're interested in doing.

Conclusion

• The policy generator is a useful tool for creating S3 bucket policies. Be careful when allowing public access to your bucket and its objects within, as this can create security risks. Always pay close attention to the type of access flagged over here on the console before making any changes. Congratulations on learning how to create an S3 bucket policy!

S3 Versioning Enabling and Managing S3 Versioning

In this section, we learn about enabling and managing versioning in Amazon S3 buckets. We also learn about the benefits of versioning and how to access previous versions of objects.

Enabling Versioning

• To enable versioning, click on the bucket, go into properties, and select the bucket versioning section. Click on edit and enable it.

• Any new objects uploaded to that S3 bucket will now benefit from being tracked by a version number.

Benefits of Versioning

• Versioning allows you to have a history of all changes made to an object over time.

• Every time you make a modification to a file and upload that new version to S3, it will have a brand new version ID associated with it.

• You can revert back to any previous version if needed.

Managing Versioning

• Once enabled, you cannot disable versioning fully; you can only suspend it.

• If ever you had suspended it before, your history is still maintained.

• Objects uploaded before enabling versioning will not get a specific version number attached until they are modified later on.

Access Previous Versions

• To access previous versions of an object, click on the file and go to versions.

• Each object's latest or current version has its own unique ID associated with it.

• You can see the history of changes made over time for each object.

Enabling Versioning and Cross Region Replication

In this section, the speaker explains how to enable versioning and perform cross region replication in AWS S3.

Enabling Versioning

• When versioning is enabled, all previous versions of an object are retained with their unique version IDs.

• Cross region replication (CRR) is used to replicate objects across regions. It is not enabled by default and incurs a surcharge for syncing objects across regions.

• To perform CRR, permissions must be given for the source bucket to allow copying of objects to the destination bucket. This involves creating IM policies and exchanging credentials such as account IDs and user credentials.

Performing Cross Region Replication

• CRR can be used to share data between entities within or outside of a company, aggregate data in a separate data lake or S3 bucket, or organize data across boundaries.

• To perform CRR, create a new destination bucket where objects will be replicated to.

• Enable versioning before creating a replication rule under the management tab of the source bucket.

• Configure the replication rule by selecting the source bucket (all objects or filtered), choosing the destination bucket (in same account or different account/region), and giving permissions for dumping objects from source into destination.

• Once configured, any new files uploaded into the source bucket will trigger CRR.

Introduction

In this video, we will learn about Amazon S3 and its benefits. We will also explore how to create buckets and objects in S3.

What is Amazon S3?

• Amazon S3 is a core service provided by AWS that offers unlimited object storage in a secure, scalable, and durable manner.

• It is one of the original services published by AWS.

Benefits of Amazon S3

• Cost savings can be attained through different storage classes.

• Industry recognized as one of the cheapest object storage services with the most features available.

Creating Buckets and Objects in Amazon S3

• Buckets are high-level containers used to store objects.

• Objects are an abstraction of data types with associated metadata.

Same Account Replication Rule

This section covers how to perform same account replication rule on an S3 bucket.

Performing Same Account Replication Rule

• Double-check if the object has been replicated according to our rule.

Transfer Acceleration

This section covers transfer acceleration, which provides end-users with low latency when accessing information from your bucket.

Enabling Transfer Acceleration

• Transfer acceleration allows us to take advantage of the content delivery network (CDN), which extends the AWS Network backbone.

• To enable transfer acceleration, go to the properties tab and scroll down to look for a heading called transfer acceleration.

• Enabling transfer acceleration incurs an additional charge.

Conclusion

This section provides a high-level overview of the topics covered in the video.

Summary

• Amazon S3 is a core service provided by AWS that offers unlimited object storage in a secure, scalable, and durable manner.

• Cost savings can be attained through different storage classes.

• Buckets are high-level containers used to store objects.

• Transfer acceleration provides end-users with low latency when accessing information from your bucket.

AWS S3 and Security

In this section, the speaker discusses pricing tiers, lifecycle policies, intelligent tiering options, versioning cross-region replication, transfer acceleration, and AWS security.

AWS S3

• Pricing tiers are available for transitioning from one tier to the next.

• Lifecycle policies can be implemented to transition between tiers or use intelligent tiering options.

• Versioning cross-region replication and transfer acceleration are interesting features of AWS S3.

AWS Security

• The speaker defines what AWS security is.

• Organizations need a way to secure sensitive data across accounts while meeting compliance standards.

• AWS Security Hub is a cloud security posture management tool that identifies misconfiguration issues and compliant risks by continuously monitoring cloud infrastructure for gaps in security policy enforcement.

• Misconfigurations can lead to unwanted data breaches and data leakages.

• Incorporating AWS Security Hub automates and manages underlying services for remedial actions.

• There are many different types of security services in AWS; however, this tutorial will primarily focus on IAM (Identity and Access Management).

• IAM acts as glue between all AWS Services because by default there is no permission for any one service to communicate with another.

AWS Security Services

In this section, the speaker discusses various AWS security services such as Macy, AWS Config, and CloudTrail.

Macy

• Macy is a service that helps discover and protect sensitive data such as healthcare data or credit card data.

• It facilitates discovering and protecting sensitive data as your organization's data grows across the organization.

AWS Config

• AWS Config continuously monitors resource configurations to ensure they match your desired configuration.

• It can take remedial action if configurations do not match the desired configuration.

• Other services use AWS Config underneath the hood.

CloudTrail

• CloudTrail logs every API call made, including who made it, from what source IP, parameters sent with the API, and response.

• The generated data can be analyzed by other services like Guard Duty to automate threat detection.

Identity and Access Management (IAM)

In this section, the speaker discusses IAM and its benefits.

IAM Users and Groups

• IAM is used to manage AWS users known as IAM users.

• IAM allows grouping of users into groups for easier permission management instead of doing it individually.

• Roles are used for temporary elevated permissions instead of creating separate accounts for specific actions.

Secure Token Service (STS)

• STS gives access keys (access key ID and secret access key), much like a username/password combination.

• STS also provides a token key that only gives access to an elevated permission role for 1 to 12 hours.

Benefits of IAM

• Scalability is improved with high-level visibility and control over security processes across multiple accounts.

• Automation reduces the time to fix recurring errors and reduces the risk of security intrusions and data leakage.

• Compliance needs can be met for applications that use sensitive data.

Introduction to AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

In this section, the speaker introduces AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) and explains its benefits.

Benefits of using AWS IAM

• AWS maintains compliance controls for HIPAA, PCI DSS, etc.

• AWS provides a shared security model that allows users to inherit compliance controls.

• AWS has a global infrastructure that is very good at building and securing data centers.

• Using managed services in AWS means less responsibility for users in terms of security control.

Understanding Authentication and Authorization in IAM

In this section, the speaker explains key terms related to authentication and authorization in IAM.

Key Terms

• Principle: an entity trying to interact with an AWS service (e.g. user, service, role).

• Authentication: verifying who you are (e.g. username/password, email address).

• Request: making a request through various ways (e.g. console, CLI, SDK).

• Authorization: controlling what actions are allowed based on who you are and what access you have.

Fine-grained Authorization with IAM Policies

In this section, the speaker discusses how fine-grained authorization can be achieved through IAM policies.

Achieving Fine-grained Authorization

• Actions can be grouped into resources.

• Users can be given specific permissions for each resource.

• Different types of actions can be controlled through IAM policies (e.g. read-only access to S3, write access to DynamoDB table).

• IAM policies can be used to control what actions are allowed for each user.

Identity and Access Management (IAM)

In this section, the speaker discusses identity-based policies, root user access, best practices for managing IAM users, and resource-based policies.

Identity-Based Policies

• Users can be assigned permissions through identity-based policies.

• Some users may need temporary access to certain services in addition to their regular permissions.

• Best practice is to enable multi-factor authentication and create an administrative super user account.

Managing IAM Users

• Create an administrator super user account and log in as an administrative user.

• Use groups to assign IAM policies to multiple users at once.

• Users can be part of multiple groups but cannot be assigned to subgroups.

Resource-Based Policies

• Resource-based policies are attached to resources like S3 buckets rather than directly to users or groups.

• IAM roles consist of a trust policy and an IAM policy. They provide temporary credentials that are acquired at runtime.

Overall, this section provides an overview of how AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) works. The speaker explains how identity-based policies work, best practices for managing IAM users, and resource-based policies.

Introduction to AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

In this section, the speaker introduces AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) and explains its importance in managing access to AWS resources.

What is IAM?

• IAM stands for Identity and Access Management.

• It is a service that allows you to manage access to your AWS resources.

• You can use IAM to create users, groups, roles, and policies that define permissions for accessing resources.

Why is IAM important?

• IAM helps you control who has access to your AWS resources.

• It enables you to grant least privilege access by defining specific permissions for each user or role.

• With IAM, you can also track and audit actions taken on your resources.

[t=2:41:36] Assigning Policies with Trust Relationships

In this section, the speaker discusses how trust relationships work in IAM and how policies are assigned based on these relationships.

Establishing Trust Relationships

• Temporary credentials are used until a trust relationship is established between two entities.

• Once a trust relationship is established, policies can be assigned. For example, read-only access to CloudTrail logs can be granted through a policy assigned to a role.

Dynamic Permissions

• Permissions are examined by AWS at runtime when a user submits a request. Changes made to policies take effect immediately upon the next request made by the user.

Viewing an IAM Policy

• IAM policies can be viewed in the AWS Management Console under the "Policies" section.

• AWS Managed Policies are pre-established and vetted by AWS. They cannot be modified, but they can be copied and modified to create a customer-managed policy.

• IAM policies define actions that can be taken on APIs. For example, S3 API calls can be allowed or denied based on the policy.

Creating an IAM Role

• An IAM role is created to grant permissions to entities such as EC2 instances.

• A trust relationship is established between the entity and the role, allowing permissions assigned to the role to be assumed dynamically by the entity.

• When creating an EC2 instance, a role can be selected for it to assume dynamically.

Conclusion

In this tutorial, we learned about AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM), its importance in managing access to resources, how trust relationships work in assigning policies, dynamic permissions, viewing IAM policies, and creating an IAM role.

Introduction to AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

In this section, the speaker introduces AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) and explains its importance in securing access to AWS resources.

IAM Roles and Policies

• Demonstrates how to create a role, attach it to an EC2 instance, and manage customer-managed policies.

• Discusses the ability to assign policies that allow users in another account access to your account, known as cross-account access.

• Explains how roles can be used for identity federation across accounts and how granular permissions can ensure least privileged access.

Security Features of IAM

• Describes the default security features of IAM, including the principle of least privilege and secure communication between services.

• Introduces multi-factor authentication as an additional layer of security for user authentication.

• Discusses identity federation for users defined outside of AWS using external systems such as LDAP or Active Directory.

Compliance and Password Policies

• Highlights AWS's compliance with various industry standards such as PCI DSS.

• Emphasizes the importance of password policies in ensuring security and describes how they can be customized in IAM.

Demonstration - Creating IAM Users, Groups, and Multi-Factor Authentication

In this section, the speaker demonstrates how to incorporate IAM users, groups, and multi-factor authentication into an S3 bucket policy.

Attaching an S3 Bucket Policy via IAM

• Demonstrates how to attach a bucket policy to an S3 bucket and create a folder within the bucket.

• Uploads a file to the folder and creates two IAM users, one with multi-factor authentication enabled.

• Concludes the demonstration by showing how the user with MFA can access the contents of the file in the folder.

Creating IAM Users and Assigning Permissions

In this section, the speaker demonstrates how to create IAM users and assign permissions to them.

Creating a New User

• Click on "Users" on the left-hand side of the screen.

• Create a new user with a custom username.

• By default, the user has no privileges until given access through console or programmatic means.

Assigning Console Access and Permissions

• Assign console access to the user.

• Attach an S3 full access policy to the user.

• Be careful when assigning broad permissions like S3 full access.

Setting Up Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA)

• Go to Security Credentials tab and click "Assign MFA device."

• Choose virtual MFA device and install Google Authenticator app on your phone.

• Scan QR code with Google Authenticator app and enter code displayed on phone into AWS console.

• Once set up, you can see an ARN assigned to this device which may be needed for writing policies.

Creating Another User with MFA

• Create another user with a custom username.

• Assign console access and attach an existing managed policy that AWS has already vetted for us.

• Set up multi-factor authentication by going into Security Credentials tab and clicking "Assign MFA device."

• Choose virtual MFA device and install Google Authenticator app on your phone.

• Scan QR code with Google Authenticator app and enter code displayed on phone into AWS console.

• Once set up, you can see an ARN assigned to this device which may be needed for writing policies.

Allowing User Access to Specific Files/Folders

• The demonstration will show how to allow one user with MFA access to a specific file/folder while not allowing access to another user.

• The distinguishing factor will be that one user has MFA set up and the other does not.

Setting up S3 Bucket Policy

In this section, the speaker explains how to set up an S3 bucket policy using a user interface. They demonstrate how to deny all users and services from accessing the bucket and selectively allow access based on specific conditions.

Denying Access to All Users and Services

• To deny all users and services from accessing the bucket, click on "Edit" in the Permissions tab.

• Click on "Policy Generator" to generate a JSON file through a user interface.

• Select "S3" as the service and choose "Deny" for all S3 API actions.

• Copy the Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of your bucket and paste it into the policy generator.

• Specify the folder name and objects within that folder by adding "/folder1/*".

• Add a condition that checks if multi-factor authentication is present with a value of false.

Adding MFA Condition

• To add an MFA condition, select "Add Conditions".

• Look for a key-value pair that exists called "multi-factor authentication present".

• Make sure that value is equal to false.

• Generate the policy by clicking on "Generate Policy".

Applying Policy to Principles

• Apply this policy to all principles which would encompass User 1 and User 2 - MFA.

• This means that User 1 would not be able to see contents of object inside folder one while User 2 - MFA would have access.

Testing Access

• Log out of current session and log back in as User 1 or User 2 - MFA.

• If you have set up your MFA device properly, you will be able to log in after entering your MSA code.

• Check if you can access contents of object inside folder one.

[t=3:08:35s] Creating Buckets and Assigning Permissions

In this section, the speaker demonstrates how to create a bucket in AWS S3 and assign permissions to users using resource policies. The speaker also shows how to create IAM users and groups, assign permissions to groups, and add users to those groups.

Creating a Bucket and Assigning Permissions

• Demonstrates how to create a bucket in AWS S3.

• Explains resource policies that are assigned to the resources assigned to the bucket.

• Shows how to create IAM users with specific permissions.

Creating IAM Users and Groups

• Demonstrates creating an IAM group called "testers" and adding existing users like user1 into it.

• Shows how you can add permissions for the group such as EC2 full access.

• Explains that any new user created will automatically inherit whatever permission policies the group has.

Managing Policies for Groups

• Shows how you can inherit policy permissions assigned to a group when creating new users instead of attaching policies directly.

• Explains that adding permissions centrally through groups saves time when managing many users in your organization.

• Demonstrates adding another permission based on DynamoDB which is automatically inherited by all members of the testers group.

[t= 03h14m43] Summary

This section provides a summary of what was covered throughout the tutorial.

• Provides an overview of AWS security and its importance in maintaining best practices and standardization across an organization.

AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

In this section, we learn about the different types of authentication and how to implement authorization via IAM policies. We also learn about roles, organizing users into groups, and the high-level features of IAM.

IAM Terminology

• Principal is an entity that is either a user or a service itself that can gain access to an AWS resource.

• Different types of authentication are available in IAM.

Authorization via IAM Policies

• Implement authorization via IAM policies.

• Roles can be used for authorization.

Organizing Users into Groups

• Learn how to organize users into groups.

• Acquiring a role is demonstrated.

High-Level Features of IAM

• Grant access to another IAM user from another group.

• Multi-factor authentication can be implemented.

• Ensure compliance standards are followed with AWS support.

Introduction to Amazon Elastic Container Service (ECS)

In this section, we learn about Amazon ECS, what it is, its advantages over other services for managing Docker containers, its architecture, and how it works.

What is Amazon ECS?

• Amazon ECS is a service used to manage Docker containers.

• It provides advantages over other services for managing Docker containers.

Architecture of Amazon ECS

• Learn about the components present in Amazon ECS and their functions.

• Understand how each component connects together in the architecture of Amazon ECS.

Companies Using Amazon ECS

• Discover companies using Amazon ECS and how it helped them fix challenges they faced.

Deploying Docker Containers on Amazon ECS

• Learn how to deploy Docker containers on Amazon ECS through a lab.

Introduction to AWS

In this section, we learn about AWS, what it is, and what can be done with it.

What is AWS?

• AWS is a web service in the cloud that provides various services such as compute power, database storage, content delivery, and more.

• It allows for creating and deploying any application in the cloud.

Using AWS

• Tools and services required for development can be installed and used from the cloud.

• Applications can be made available for end-users worldwide over the internet.

• Services are provided over the internet and accessed through it.

• Pay-as-you-go or pay-only-for-use pricing model.

Managing Containers and Amazon ECS

In this section, the speaker explains how managing containers can run in a high available mode using Amazon Elastic Container Service (ECS). ECS maintains the availability of the application and allows every user to scale containers when necessary.

Benefits of Using Amazon ECS

• Containers can run in a high available mode, meaning if something goes wrong, another container gets spun up.

• ECS maintains the availability of the application and allows users to scale containers when necessary.

• ECS automatically scales the number of containers needed to meet demand.

• ECS helps migrate applications to the cloud without changing code.

What is Amazon Elastic Container Service?

• Amazon Elastic Container Service (ECS) is a container management service that quickly launches, exits, and manages Docker containers on a cluster.

• ECS schedules the placement of containers across your cluster based on defined logic or lets you define that logic yourself.

• You can launch containers through AWS Management Console or programmatically using SDK kits available from Amazon.

What is Docker?

• Docker is a tool that automates development of an application as a lightweight container so that it can work efficiently in different environments.

Introduction to Docker Containers

In this section, the speaker introduces Docker containers and explains how they work.

What are Docker Containers?

• Docker containers are a way of packaging an application with all its dependencies into a single unit that can run anywhere.

• Containers package the framework and libraries required to run the application so that it can be guaranteed to run in any environment.

• Docker containers are highly scalable and efficient, allowing for easy scaling up or down depending on demand.

Advantages of Docker Containers

• Short boot-up time due to not loading the whole operating system.

• Volumes used by containers are reusable, making it easy to remap them to other applications or versions of the container.

• Containers isolate applications from each other, ensuring that they do not interfere with one another.

• ECS (Elastic Container Service) provides improved security through encryption and granular access control using IAM policies.

• Cost-efficient due to lightweight processors allowing for high density on EC2 instances.

• ECS deploys and maintains state of containers, ensuring minimum set of containers are always running based on requirements.

Extensibility of Docker Containers

• Docker containers are extensible and can easily adapt to different environments without requiring significant changes.

• Environment is not a concern for containers as they will run exactly as before regardless of where they are deployed.

ECS and Docker Integration

In this section, the speaker discusses the integration between ECS and Docker.

ECS Components

• ECS has three components:

• The ECS cluster, which is a group of servers that run containers.

• The container repository, where container images are stored.

• The container image itself, which is a template of instructions used to create a container.

Container Registry

• A container registry is a service where Docker images are stored and shared.

• Amazon's version of the container registry is ECR, while Docker Hub is a third-party option.

How ECS Works

• ECS has two modes: Fargate mode and EC2 mode.

• Fargate mode allows users to launch containers without having to monitor the cluster.

• Tasks in ECS have two components:

• The ECS container instance, which runs on an EC2 instance capable of running containers.

• The container agent, responsible for communication between ECS and the instance and monitoring the state of running containers.

VPC Integration with ECS

In this section, the speaker discusses how VPC integrates with ECS.

VPC Overview

• VPC provides network isolation by launching AWS resources such as Amazon EC2 instances in a virtual private network specified by the user.

VPC Integration with ECS

• ECS integrates well with VPC, allowing for secure isolation of infrastructure from other clients or applications in your account.

How Fargate Works in ECS

In this section, the speaker explains how Fargate works within an ECS environment.

Fargate Overview

• Fargate is a compute engine in ECS that allows users to launch containers without having to monitor the cluster.

ECS Components for Fargate

• Tasks are launched using the Fargate service.

• Tasks have two components:

• The ECS container instance, which runs on an EC2 instance capable of running containers.

• The container agent, responsible for communication between ECS and the instance and monitoring the state of running containers.

Container Agent in ECS

In this section, the speaker discusses the role of the container agent in an ECS environment.

Container Agent Overview

• The container agent binds clusters together and monitors running containers' status.

• It communicates between ECS and instances, ensuring that necessary versions are present.

Introduction to Amazon ECS

In this section, the speaker introduces Amazon Elastic Container Service (ECS) and explains its benefits.

What is Amazon ECS?

• Amazon Elastic Container Service (ECS) is a fully-managed container orchestration service that makes it easy to run, stop, and manage Docker containers on a cluster.

• ECS eliminates the need for you to install, operate, and scale your own cluster management infrastructure.

• With ECS, you can easily deploy applications in a highly available manner by distributing them across multiple Availability Zones within a region.

Benefits of Using Amazon ECS

• ECS provides high scalability and availability for your applications.

• It offers cost savings by allowing you to pay only for the resources that you use.

• ECS is an AWS managed service which means that it takes care of all the underlying infrastructure so that you can focus on building your application.

• It also provides portability and migration options for your containers.

[t=3:40:55] How to Deploy Docker Containers on Amazon ECS

In this section, the speaker explains how containers interact with other containers and with EC2 hosts. They also discuss what an ECS cluster is and how companies like Okta, Abima, Remind, Ubisoft GoPro are using it. Finally, they demonstrate how to deploy a Docker container on Amazon ECS.

Interactions between Containers and EC2 Hosts

• The interface is how the container interacts with another container or with an EC2 host or with the internet external world.

• A cluster is a set of ECS container instances that handle the process of scheduling, monitoring, and scaling requests.

• Companies like Okta, Abima, Remind, Ubisoft GoPro use Amazon ECS to run their applications and benefit from its scalability, cost savings, portability, and migration options.

Deploying Docker Containers on Amazon ECS

• To deploy a Docker container on ECS, you need to have an AWS account and set up your first ECS cluster.

• You also need to create a task definition file that specifies the size and number of containers you want to launch.

• Advanced configurations can be done on ECS such as load balancers and access control.

• Finally, you configure your cluster with all the security settings and launch your instance with the desired number of tasks running.

• The speaker demonstrates how to deploy an httpd image using the AWS portal.

Introduction to ECS

In this section, the speaker introduces Amazon Elastic Container Service (ECS), explains how it works, and provides an overview of the task definition.

Understanding ECS

• ECS is a container management service that allows users to run Docker containers on a scalable infrastructure.

• The task definition is a blueprint for running containers in ECS. It includes information such as the container image, CPU and memory requirements, networking settings, and more.

Creating a Task Definition

• When creating a task definition, users can specify the name of the task definition, whether it will be run in Fargate mode or EC2 mode, and other details such as CPU and memory requirements.

• Users can also specify security groups and load balancers for their task definitions.

Launching a Cluster

• To launch a cluster in ECS, users need to specify the cluster name and select the appropriate task definition file.

• Once launched, ECS creates a VPC with two subnets for high availability. Users can access their servers using the load balancer URL.

ECR Repository

In this section, the speaker discusses Amazon Elastic Container Registry (ECR), which is used to store custom Docker images.

Using ECR

• ECR is used to store custom Docker images that are not available on Docker Hub.

• Users can create repositories in ECR to store their custom images. They can then push these images using specific commands.

Accessing Containers through Load Balancer

In this section, the speaker explains how to access containers through a load balancer.

Accessing Containers

• Users can access their containers through a load balancer URL.

• Hardcoding IP addresses is not advisable since containers can die and new ones can be created with different IPs. Instead, users should use the load balancer URL in their applications.

Conclusion

In this section, the speaker concludes the lesson on ECS and summarizes what was covered.

Summary

• ECS is a container management service that allows users to run Docker containers on a scalable infrastructure.

• The task definition is a blueprint for running containers in ECS.

• ECR is used to store custom Docker images that are not available on Docker Hub.

• Users can access their containers through a load balancer URL.

Introduction to AWS and Route 53

This section introduces Amazon Web Services (AWS) as a cloud provider that offers various services, including infrastructure services such as compute power, databases, and content delivery. The section also explains the benefits of using AWS, such as pay-as-you-go pricing. The section then introduces Amazon Route 53 as a DNS service that provides an efficient way to connect users to internet applications without any downtime.

What is AWS?

• AWS is a cloud provider that offers various services, including infrastructure services such as compute power, databases, and content delivery.

• AWS is easy to use even for beginners.

• Pay-as-you-go pricing makes it cost-effective.

Why Amazon Route 53?

• In on-premises environments, you pay for resources you're not using. With Route 53's pay-as-you-go pricing model, you only pay for the resources you use.

• Route 53 helps mask failures and divert traffic to appropriate active resources or services running your application.

• Route 53 checks the health of resources by sending automated requests over the internet to identify any infrastructure or application-level failures.

Understanding Amazon Route 53

This section explains what Amazon Route 53 is and its three main functions: registering website domain names, connecting users to servers running web pages or applications through DNS resolution, and checking resource health.

What is Amazon Route 53?

• Amazon Route 53 is an highly scalable DNS web service with three main functions:

• Registering website domain names

• Connecting users to servers running web pages or applications through DNS resolution

• Checking resource health

How does Amazon Route 53 work?

• Route 53 registers website domain names and connects users to servers running web pages or applications through DNS resolution.

• Route 53 checks the health of resources by sending automated requests over the internet to identify any infrastructure or application-level failures. It then shifts connections from one server to another to avoid downtime for customers.

Introduction to Amazon Route 53

In this section, the speaker introduces Amazon Route 53 and its features.

Features of Amazon Route 53

• Highly scalable and reliable

• Can handle millions of requests without scaling up

• Automatically scales when expecting more requests

• Routes users to appropriate application through logic

• Cost-effective billing system

• Pay only for the service used

• Billing based on amount of traffic and hosted zones created

• Secure access management

• Access integrated with Identity DN Access Management (IAM)

• Only authorized users gain access

Routing Policies in Amazon Route 53

In this section, the speaker explains routing policies in Amazon Route 53.

Simple Routing Policy

• Used for single resource configuration

• One-to-one mapping between domain name and IP address or load balancer URL

Failover Routing Policy

• Used for active-passive failover configuration

• Routes traffic to a healthy resource or different resource when previous one is unhealthy

Geolocation Routing Policy

• Used for geographic location-based routing decisions

• Localizes content based on user's geographic location by continent, country, or state

Conclusion

In this section, the speaker concludes the video by summarizing key points about Amazon Route 53.

• Amazon Route 53 is a highly scalable, reliable, cost-effective, and secure DNS web service.

• It offers three types of routing policies: simple routing policy for single resource configuration, failover routing policy for active-passive failover configuration, and geolocation routing policy for geographic location-based routing decisions.

Introduction to Amazon Route 53

In this section, the speaker introduces Amazon Route 53 and explains its purpose.

What is Amazon Route 53?

• Amazon Route 53 is a highly available and scalable cloud Domain Name System (DNS) web service.

• It is designed to give developers and businesses an extremely reliable and cost-effective way to route end users to Internet applications by translating human-readable names like www.example.com into the numeric IP addresses like 192.0.2.1 that computers use to connect to each other.

Routing Policies in Amazon Route 53

In this section, the speaker discusses different routing policies used in Amazon Route 53.

Types of Routing Policies

• There are five types of routing policies: Simple Routing, Weighted Routing, Latency-based Routing, Failover Routing, and Geolocation Routing.

• Simple routing policy routes traffic based on the domain name only.

• Weighted routing policy routes traffic based on weights assigned to each resource record set.

• Latency-based routing policy routes traffic based on the lowest network latency for end-users between their location and a data center.

• Failover routing policy routes traffic from primary resources to secondary resources when they become unavailable.

• Geolocation routing policy routes traffic based on geographic location of users.

More About Geoproximity Routing

In this section, the speaker explains geoproximity routing in more detail.

Geoproximity Routing

• Geoproximity routing routes traffic to resources based on the geographic location of the user and the resources they want to access.

• It has an option to route more or less traffic to a given resource by specifying a value.

More About Weighted Routing

In this section, the speaker explains weighted routing in more detail.

Weighted Routing

• Weighted routing is used to route traffic to multiple resources in a proportion that we specify.

• It routes multiple resources to a single domain name or subdomain and controls the traffic that's routed to each resource.

More About Latency-based Routing

In this section, the speaker explains latency-based routing in more detail.

Latency-based Routing

• Latency-based routing is used when we have resources in multiple AWS regions and want to route traffic to the region that provides the best latency at any given point of time.

• Latitude records for resources in multiple AWS regions should be created before using latency-based routing policy.

More About Multi-value Routing Policy

In this section, the speaker explains multi-value routing policy in more detail.

Multi-value Routing Policy

• Multi-value routing policy makes Route 53 respond with up to eight healthy records selected at random.

• It distributes traffic among many servers instead of just one server.

• Route 53 returns only healthy IP addresses for DNS queries.

Key Features of Amazon Route 53

In this section, the speaker discusses key features of Amazon Route 53.

Key Features

• Traffic Flow: Routes end-users to the endpoint that should provide the best user experience.

• Domain Name Registration: We can buy domain names using Route 53 console and assign them to any resources we want.

• Health Checks: Monitors health and performance of applications.

• Weighted Round Robin Load Balancing: Spreads traffic between several services or servers using a round-robin algorithm.

• Soft Launch: Weighted routing helps with a soft launch by sending only a portion of traffic to new software or application.

Introduction to Route 53

In this section, the speaker introduces Amazon Route 53 and explains its importance in providing highly available DNS service for websites.

Companies using Route 53

• Medium, Reddit, Airbnb, Instacart, Kozra, and Stripe are some of the famous companies that use Route 53 for their DNS service.

• These companies rely on Route 53 to ensure their websites are highly available and scalable to meet sudden increases in traffic.

Demo: Simulating buying a domain name and mapping it to an S3 static website

• The speaker demonstrates how to buy a domain name through AWS console's Route 53 portal.

• Once the domain name is purchased, it becomes available in the DNS portal where it can be mapped to various resources such as elastic load balancers or S3 static websites.

• The speaker shows how he created an S3 bucket with public access blocking turned off and a bucket policy created. He then created a static website hosting property and uploaded an index.html file.

• Finally, he goes back to the Route 53 portal where he creates a record set that points his domain name to the S3 endpoint he just created.

AWS Elastic Beanstalk

In this section, we will discuss what is AWS and why we require AWS Elastic Beanstalk. We will also cover the advantages, disadvantages, components, architecture, and companies that are primarily using the AWS Beanstalk.

What is AWS?

• AWS stands for Amazon Web Services.

• It's a cloud provider that offers a variety of services such as compute power, database storage, content delivery, and many other resources.

• It's the largest cloud provider in the market.

Why do we need AWS Elastic Beanstalk?

• Developers used to face challenges while creating software or modules related to software because they had to be joined together to create a big application.

• Sharing modules with geographically separated developers was difficult and time-consuming.

• AWS Elastic Beanstalk makes it easy for developers to share applications across different devices in a shorter duration of time.

• It's used to deploy and scale web applications by developers.

Advantages of AWS Elastic Beanstalk

• Highly scalable service that allows flexibility in changing the type of resources whenever needed.

• Fast and simple deployment process that takes care of networking aspects automatically.

• Supports multi-tenant architecture where virtual environments can be created for separate organizations or divisions within an organization.

• Simplifies operations by making it easy to maintain and support deployed applications using Beanstalk services itself.

• Cost-efficient service compared to deploying solutions on-prem servers.

Components of AWS Elastic Beanstalk

• Consists of important components required while developing an application.

Components of Elastic Beanstalk

This section explains the components of Elastic Beanstalk and how it works.

Components of Elastic Beanstalk

• The first component is a unique label used as deployable code for a web application.

• The second component is the application version, which stores a collection of components such as environments, versions, and environment configurations.

• The third component is the environment where the current version of the application runs. Elastic Beanstalk supports multiple versions.

• The fourth component designates the type of application that the environment runs on. There are two types: web and worker node.

How Elastic Beanstalk Works

• Developers create an application by selecting any runtime environment or programming language like Java, Docker, Ruby, Gopal or Python.

• After creating an application, developers upload its version to AWS and launch their environment by clicking on buttons.

• In the backend, Elastic Beanstalk automatically runs any EC2 instance and deploys applications within that instance using metadata.

• Once users upload their versions, configuration is automatically deployed with a load balancer. Users can access applications using load balancer DNS or URL name defined in the environment.

• Auto scaling features are available within Elastic Beanstalk dashboard without having to move out to VPC or EC2 dashboard.

Architecture of AWS Elastic Beanstalk

This section explains two types of environments in AWS elastic beanstalk: web server environment and worker environment.

Two Types of Environments

• Web server environment is front-end facing and used for web applications.

• Worker environment is backend-facing and used for micro apps that support the main application.

AWS Elastic Beanstalk

This section explains the architecture of AWS Elastic Beanstalk and how it works.

Web Server Environment

• The web server environment receives HTTP requests from clients.

• Amazon Route 53 sends client requests to the elastic load balancer, which distributes them among EC2 instances in an auto scaling group.

• EC2 instances are created in an availability zone and connected to databases in a different security group.

Auto Scaling Group

• The auto scaling group automatically starts additional EC2 instances to accommodate increasing loads on the application.

• It monitors and scales instances based on workload, terminating additional EC2 instances when the load decreases.

• Elastic Beanstalk has a default security group that acts as a firewall for instances. You can create custom security groups for additional filtering options.

Worker Environment

• The worker environment is used for processing background tasks and minimizing resource consumption.

AWS Elastic Beanstalk with Worker Environment

In this section, the speaker discusses the architecture of AWS Elastic Beanstalk with a worker environment. They explain how the worker environment executes tasks given by Simple Queue Service (SQS) and sends back HTTP responses after completing operations.

Architecture of AWS Elastic Beanstalk with Worker Environment

• When a worker environment is launched in AWS Elastic Beanstalk, it solves the server on every EC2 instance.

• The server passes requests to SQS, which shares messages via a post request to the HTTP path over the broker environment.

• The worker environment executes tasks given by SQS and sends back HTTP responses after completing operations.

Companies Using AWS Elastic Beanstalk

• Some companies using AWS Elastic Beanstalk include Zillow, Jelly Button Games, League of Women Voters, and eBay.

Demo: Creating an Environment in AWS Elastic Beanstalk

• To create an environment in AWS Elastic Beanstalk, log in to the console and select a region.

• Search for "Elastic Beanstalk" under compute services and click on "Get Started."

• Define your own domain name and platform.

Creating an Elastic Beanstalk Environment

In this section, the speaker explains how to create an environment in Elastic Beanstalk and customize its features.

Configuring Environment Options

• To create an environment, select "create environment" and choose default settings or click "configure more options" for customization.

• Customize instance type, storage, monitoring, databases, security, and capacity.

• Modify instance type and AMI ID for operating system.

Creating the Environment

• Click "create environment" to initiate the creation process.

• The environment is color-coded; green means everything is good to go.

• Access logs and data from the dashboard without going to EC2 dashboard.

Deploying Applications with Elastic Beanstalk CLI

In this section, the speaker explains how to deploy applications using Elastic Beanstalk CLI.

Using Elastic Beanstalk CLI

• Install command line interface (CLI) for deploying applications with Elastic Beanstalk.

• Use CLI command references to deploy applications automatically on instances created by Elastic Beanstalk.

Uploading and Deploying Applications

• Upload application files and select version label or name.

• Deploy application automatically on instances created by Elastic Beanstalk.

Deploying Applications with Elastic Beanstalk

In this section, we learn how to deploy applications using Elastic Beanstalk and manage system operations from the environment dashboard.

Deploying Applications

• Deploy your application and get the output URL.

• Map the URL with Route 53 DNS Services to point it to the Elastic Beanstock URL.

• Use Route 53 pointer to load balancer and then point it to instances directly.

Managing System Operations

• Manage system operations from the environment dashboard.

• Check configurations, logs, health status of environment, monitoring, alarms, and events.

• Request logs from environment dashboard for full log report.

Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (VPC)

This section provides an overview of Amazon VPC and its components such as IP addresses, elastic IP addresses in AWS, subnets, root tables, internet gateways, NAT gateways, security groups and network ACLS.

Understanding Amazon VPC

• Amazon VPC is a virtual private cloud that enables launching AWS resources into a virtual network defined by users.

• Each VPC is logically isolated from other virtual networks in the AWS Cloud.

Components of Amazon VPC

IP Addresses

• Learn about IP addresses and elastic IP addresses in AWS.

Subnets

• Understand subnets in an Amazon VPC.

• Demonstration on creating custom subnets in an Amazon VPC.

Root Tables

• Learn about root tables and when they are used.

Internet Gateways

• Understand what an internet gateway is and how it's used.

NAT Gateways

• Learn what a NAT Gateway is.

Security Groups and Network ACLS

• Take a look at security groups and their importance.

• Review Network ACLS and how they're used in Amazon VPC.

Best Practices and Costs

• Review the Amazon VPC best practices.

• Understand the costs associated with running a VPC in the Amazon Cloud.

Default Amazon VPC and Custom VPC

In this section, the default Amazon VPC is introduced, and its CIDR block is explained. The benefits of creating a custom VPC are discussed, including increased security and customization options. Hardware VPN access is also explained, as well as VPC pairing.

Default Amazon VPC

• The CIDR block for the default Amazon VPC is always a 16 subnet mask.

• This provides up to 65,536 private IP addresses.

• Creating a custom VPC allows for increased security and customization options.

Hardware VPN Access

• Instances launched into a VPC cannot communicate with your own network by default.

• To connect your VPC to your existing data center, you need a virtual private gateway on the Amazon side of the VPN connection and a customer gateway on your side of the VPN connection.

VPC Pairing

• A peering connection can be made between your own VPCs or with a VPC in another AWS account as long as it's in the same region.

• Peering is a one-to-one relationship; transitive peering is not supported.

• Overlapping CIDRs cannot be paired.

Customizing Your Own Virtual Network

• Deleting the default VPC requires contacting AWS support to get it back again.

• Creating a custom VPC involves going to the networking section in the AWS Management Console and clicking on "VPC."

• Give your new custom VPS a name and a CIDR block.

• You can choose between default and dedicated tenancy, with the latter being more expensive but providing better performance.

Creating a VPC

In this section, we learn how to create a custom VPC using the AWS Management Console.

Creating a Custom VPC

• To create a custom VPC, go to the networking section in the AWS Management Console and click on "VPC."

• Give your new custom VPS a name and a CIDR block.

• Once created, you can see your new VPC in the VPC dashboard.

• By default, your new VPC will have a root table associated with it that only allows local traffic.

• Subnets must be created before instances can be launched into your new custom VPS.

Private and Public IP Addresses

In this section, we learn about private and public IP addresses.

Private IP Addresses

• Private IP addresses are not reachable over the internet.

• They are used for communication between instances in the same network.

• When a new instance is launched, it's given a private IP address and an internal DNS hostname that resolves to the private IP address of the instance.

Public IP Addresses

• Public IP addresses are reachable from the internet.

• They can be used for communication between your instances and the internet.

• Each instance that receives a public IP address is also given an external DNS hostname.

• Public IP addresses are associated with your instances from the Amazon Pool of public IP addresses.

• When you stop or terminate your instance, the public IP address is released, and a new one is associated when the instance starts.

Elastic IP Address

• An elastic IP address is a static or persistent public IP address that's allocated to your account and can be Associated to and from your instances as required.

• An elastic IP address remains in your account until you choose to release it.

• There is a charge associated with an elastic IP address if it's in your account but not actually allocated to an instance.

Creating an Elastic Ip Address

In this section, we learn how to create an Elastic Ip Address.

Steps to Create Elastic Ip Address

• We head back down to the networking VPC section on Amazon Web Services Management Console.

• We click on Elastic IPS in the VPC dashboard on the left-hand side.

• We see a list of any elastic IPS that we have associated with our account.

• We allocate a new address and are reminded that there's a charge if we're not using it.

• It takes a couple of seconds, and there's our new elastic IP address.

Subnets

In this section, we learn about subnets.

AWS Definition of Subnet

• A subnet is a range of IP addresses in your bpc.

• You can launch AWS resources into a subnet that you select.

• You can use a public subnet for resources that must be connected to the internet and a private subnet for resources that won't be connected to the internet.

Default Subnet

• The netmask for the default Subnet in your VPC is always 20 which provides up to 4096 addresses per subnet, and some are reserved for AWS use.

Multiple Availability Zones

• A VPC can span multiple availability zones, but the subnet is always mapped to a single availability zone.

Creating Subnets

• To create subnets, we head to networking and VPC wait for the VPC dashboard to load up.

• We click on subnets, go to create subnet, give it a name (meaningful names), choose VPC (put it in our custom VPC), give it CIDR block (range I want to use), give it the subnet mask (24 should give us 251 addresses in this range).

Creating a Private Subnet

In this section, the speaker creates a private subnet in the same VPC as the public subnet created earlier.

Creating a Private Subnet

• The speaker creates a new private subnet with an IP address block of 10.0.2.0/24 and assigns it to the availability zone of US East 1C.

• The private subnet is created and added to the VPC.

• The speaker sorts by name and shows that both public and private subnets are now in the same VPC.

• The root table associated with these VPCs is shown, indicating that they can communicate with each other internally but have no internet access.

Introduction to Internet Gateways

In this section, the speaker introduces internet gateways and explains how they are used to provide internet access to instances in your VPC.

Internet Gateway Basics

• To allow your VPC to connect to the internet, you need to attach an internet gateway. You can only attach one internet gateway per VPC.

• Before configuring internet correctly, you must ensure that your instances have public or elastic IP addresses so they can connect to the internet.

• Your network access control and security group rules must allow relevant traffic flow for your instance.

Creating an Internet Gateway

In this section, the speaker demonstrates how to create an internet gateway and attach it to a custom VPC.

Creating an Internet Gateway

• The speaker navigates through Networking > VPC Dashboard > Internet Gateways to create a new internet gateway.

• The speaker names the internet gateway and attaches it to the custom VPC.

• The internet gateway is attached to the VPC, providing internet access.

Creating a Custom Route Table

In this section, the speaker explains how root tables determine where network traffic is directed and demonstrates how to create a custom route table associated with an internet gateway.

Creating a Custom Route Table

• A root table determines where network traffic is directed by defining a set of rules. Every subnet must be associated with a root table, and each subnet can only be associated with one root table.

• It's good practice to leave the default root table in its original state and create a new root table to customize network traffic routes for your VPC.

• The speaker creates a custom route table associated with an internet gateway and associates it with the public subnet.

Introduction to VPC

In this section, the instructor introduces Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) and explains its benefits.

What is Amazon VPC?

• Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) is a service that allows you to launch AWS resources into a virtual network that you've defined.

• It provides several benefits such as increased security, flexibility, and control over your AWS resources.

• You can customize your VPC's network configuration by creating subnets, route tables, and gateways.

Creating a Custom VPC

In this section, the instructor demonstrates how to create a custom VPC using the AWS Management Console.

Creating a Custom VPC

• To create a custom VPC, go to the AWS Management Console and select "VPC".

• Click on "Your VPCs" and then "Create VPC".

• Enter the name of your new VPC and specify an IPv4 CIDR block for it.

• Choose whether or not you want DNS hostnames enabled for your instances in this VPC.

• Click on "Create".

Creating Subnets

• To create subnets within your new custom VPC, click on "Subnets" in the left-hand menu of the console.

• Click on "Create subnet" and enter a name for your subnet.

• Specify which availability zone you want this subnet to be located in.

• Enter an IPv4 CIDR block for this subnet that is within the range of your custom VPC's CIDR block.

Creating Internet Gateway

• To enable internet access for instances launched within our custom VPS we need to create an internet gateway.

• Go to the VPC dashboard and click on "Internet Gateways" in the left-hand menu.

• Click on "Create internet gateway" and enter a name for your new internet gateway.

• Select your newly created internet gateway and click on "Attach to VPC".

• Choose the custom VPC you created earlier and click on "Attach".

Creating Route Tables

• To create a route table, go to the VPC dashboard and select "Route Tables" from the left-hand menu.

• Click on "Create route table" and enter a name for your new route table.

• Associate this new route table with your custom VPC by selecting it from the dropdown list.

• Edit this new route table by adding a default route that points to our newly created Internet Gateway.

Adding Internet Access to Private Subnets using NAT Gateway

In this section, we learn how to add internet access to private subnets using NAT Gateway.

Creating NAT Gateway

• To create a NAT Gateway, go to the VPC dashboard and select "NAT Gateways" from the left-hand menu.

• Click on "Create NAT Gateway" and choose an existing Elastic IP address or create a new one.

• Select the public subnet where you want your NAT Gateway to reside.

• Once created, update your private subnet's routing table so that traffic is routed through the NAT Gateway.

Benefits of Using NAT Devices

• Using Network Address Translation (NAT) devices allows instances in private subnets to connect to the internet or other AWS services while preventing inbound connections initiated by external sources.

• This provides an additional layer of security for sensitive resources such as databases.

Creating a NAT Gateway and Editing Root Tables

In this section, we learn how to create a NAT Gateway and edit root tables.

Creating a NAT Gateway

• To create a new EIP, click on the "Create New EIP" button.

• Edit your root table to include a route with the target of the NAT Gateway ID.

Editing Root Tables

• Give your main root table a name so that you know what it is.

• Add another route that points to the NAT Gateway by clicking on roots and edit.

• All traffic can either go to the internet gateway or point it to a Nat instance which is this Nat ID here.

Private Subnet Internet Access

• Any instances launched in our private subnet will be able to get internet access via around that Gateway.

Using Security Groups and Network ACLS

In this section, we learn about security groups and network ACLS.

Security Groups

• A security group acts as a virtual firewall that controls traffic for one or more instances.

• You add rules to each security group that allow traffic to or from its associated instances.

• Security groups control inbound and outbound traffic for one or more EC2 instances.

Examples of Security Groups

Web Server Security Group

• Allow HTTP and HTTPS ports from any source (internet).

Database Server Security Group

• Open up SQL server port 1433 so people can access it.

• Added RDP access only for IP address 10.00.0.0 so only IP ranges from that address can RDP into the instance.

Rules Associated with Security Groups

• By default, security groups allow all outbound traffic.

• Security group rules are always permissive, you can't create rules that deny access.

• Security groups are stateful so if you send a request from your instance, a response traffic for that request is allowed to flow in regardless of the inbound security group rules.

Creating Security Groups

• It's always a good idea to tier your applications into security groups.

• Create two security groups: one for host DB servers and one for host web servers.