Lec-20: Unicast, Broadcast & Multicast in Computer Networks
Types of Casting in Computer Networks
Introduction to Casting Types
- The discussion begins with an overview of the types of casting in computer networks, specifically unicasting, broadcasting, and multicasting.
- Emphasis is placed on understanding these concepts for theoretical questions in exams like UGC NET and GATE.
Unicasting
- Unicasting is defined as one-to-one communication where data is sent from one host to another.
- An example illustrates a scenario where host M1 sends data to host M2 within a network (e.g., 90.0.0.0).
- This type of communication is commonly used for sending messages directly between two users.
Broadcasting
Limited and Direct Broadcast
- Broadcasting is explained as having two types: limited broadcast and direct broadcast.
- Limited broadcast targets all hosts within a specific network segment using the address 255.255.255.255.
- Direct broadcast allows messages to be sent to all devices across different networks by using a specific direct broadcast address.
Multicasting
Definition and Functionality
- Multicasting involves sending messages to multiple recipients who are part of a specific group rather than broadcasting to everyone.
- It’s likened to targeted messaging, such as news broadcasts aimed at particular audience groups.
Protocol Usage
- The Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) facilitates multicast communications, particularly utilizing Class D addressing for group management.
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