¿Qué es el SIGNIFICANTE? En la teoría de LACAN

Understanding the Signifier in Lacanian Theory

Introduction to the Concept of Signifier

• The speaker introduces the topic of the signifier, a fundamental concept in Jacques Lacan's work, and acknowledges that not everyone may be familiar with it.

• The video aims to provide an introductory overview of the notion of signifier as derived from linguistic theory.

Linguistic Foundations

• Lacan references linguistics to establish key points in psychoanalysis, particularly focusing on the concept of signifier.

• The foundational text for this discussion is Ferdinand de Saussure's "Course in General Linguistics," which was compiled from lectures given between 1906 and 1911.

Understanding the Linguistic Sign

• Saussure posits that a linguistic sign unites a concept with an acoustic image rather than a thing with its name.

• The distinction is made that language connects concepts (mental representations) with their corresponding acoustic images (not merely physical sounds).

Acoustic Image vs. Concept

• An acoustic image refers to the psychological imprint or sensory representation we have of sound, rather than just its physical properties.

• This means that when encountering foreign languages, we may hear sounds without understanding them until something familiar captures our attention.

Structure of the Linguistic Sign

• The linguistic sign consists of two components: an acoustic image and a more abstract concept, both tightly interlinked.

• In conventional linguistic logic, there exists a close relationship where each signifier points towards a specific meaning or mental representation.

Transitioning to Lacanian Theory

• Lacan modifies Saussure’s framework by redefining what constitutes a signifier; he suggests it represents another signifier instead of pointing directly to meaning.

• This shift indicates that while Saussure viewed significants as linked to meanings, Lacan emphasizes their relational nature among themselves.

Key Modifications by Lacan

• In contrast to Saussure's model where significants connect directly with meanings, Lacan proposes that they represent other significants.

The Inversion of Signifiers and Meaning

Understanding the Relationship Between Signifiers and Meanings

• The concept of signifier is introduced, indicating that it will no longer point to a meaning but rather to another signifier. This shift emphasizes the complexity of meaning in language.

• The term "infranqueable" is used to describe how a signifier, in itself, does not hold meaning. Instead, meaning arises from the relationship between different signifiers.

• It is highlighted that defining a term necessitates using other terms, suggesting that sense can only be achieved through inter-signifier relationships rather than direct meanings.

• A significant assertion is made: a signifier alone signifies nothing; it must exist within a chain of other signifiers to create an effect of virtual significance.

• The speaker proposes that the essence or permanence of meanings is contingent upon how these terms are articulated within their relational framework.

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