¿Por qué el HERPES no tiene cura? l Herpes genital: Causa, síntomas y TRATAMIENTO👩🏻‍⚕️ @drapauzuniga

Introduction to Herpes Genital

In this section, the speaker introduces herpes genital as a lifelong disease that once contracted, remains in the body and periodically manifests with characteristic symptoms such as painful blisters or ulcers.

Causes and Transmission of Herpes Genital

• Herpes genital is caused by two types of herpes simplex viruses: type 1 and type 2.

• Type 2 virus is more commonly found in the genital area and is sexually transmitted.

• Type 1 virus, which causes oral cold sores, can also be transmitted to the genital area through oral sex.

• The virus can be transmitted through direct contact with infected surfaces, including ulcers, vesicles, or fluids.

• It's important to note that herpes can be contagious even when there are no visible symptoms or lesions.

Risk Factors and Complications

• Herpes genital affects approximately 491 million people worldwide between the ages of 15 and 49.

• Many individuals may have herpes without being aware of it due to asymptomatic or mild symptoms.

• Neonatal herpes can occur if a mother with an active infection transmits the virus to her newborn during childbirth. This can lead to severe complications or even death for the baby.

Symptoms of Herpes Genital

• Symptoms may appear within 2 to 12 days after exposure to the virus.

• Common symptoms include pain or tingling sensation in the genital area, small blisters or vesicles on the genitals, anus, buttocks, or mouth, painful urination (dysuria), crusting after ulcer healing, and discharge from the urethra.

• Lesions typically last for one to three weeks and may recur with milder intensity after the initial outbreak.

Lack of Cure for Herpes

• The herpes virus cannot be cured, and once exposed, it remains in the body for life.

• Treatment focuses on managing symptoms, reducing the frequency and severity of outbreaks, and preventing transmission to others.

Conclusion

In this section, the speaker concludes by emphasizing the importance of understanding herpes genital, its causes, symptoms, and transmission. They also highlight the need for proper medical care during pregnancy to prevent neonatal herpes.

The transcript provided does not cover the entire video.

How the Virus Persists in the Body

This section explains how the herpes virus can remain in the body and become dormant, only to reactivate later.

The Process of Viral Persistence

• The herpes virus enters nerve cells called axons when the skin starts to heal.

• It travels through these axons to reach nerve structures called ganglia.

• In oral infections, the virus reaches the trigeminal ganglion, while in genital infections, it reaches the sacral ganglion near the spinal cord.

• The virus evades the immune response and remains in a latent state within these ganglia for months or even years.

• Reactivation can occur due to triggers such as stress, illness, fever, certain medications, or weakened immune system.

• Reactivated virus travels back through axons to the skin and causes a new outbreak.

Prodromal Period and Complications

This section discusses the prodromal period before lesions appear and highlights complications associated with genital herpes.

Prodromal Period

• Before lesions (vesicles or blisters) appear, there is a prodromal period that typically starts one or two days earlier.

• During this period, patients may experience symptoms like pain, tingling sensation, itching, or discomfort in the affected area.

Complications Associated with Genital Herpes

• Having sores in the genital area increases the risk of contracting or transmitting other sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV.

• The herpes simplex virus infection can spread to other parts of the body through skin abrasions or lesions. For example:

• It can affect fingers/hands through contact with lesions (herpetic whitlow).

• It can cause eye infections if proper hygiene is not maintained after touching lesions.

• Pregnant women with genital herpes need to be particularly cautious as the virus can be transmitted to the baby during childbirth, leading to serious complications.

Importance of Medical Care for Pregnant Women

This section emphasizes the importance of medical care and regular check-ups for pregnant women with genital herpes.

• Infants born to mothers with genital herpes are at risk of internal organ infections, nervous system complications, and even death.

• Pregnant women should maintain proper prenatal care, attend gynecological appointments, and promptly communicate any concerns or changes they notice to their healthcare provider.

• Regular tests and examinations recommended by the gynecologist help ensure the well-being of both mother and baby.

Diagnosis of Genital Herpes

This section explains how doctors diagnose genital herpes through clinical examination and laboratory tests.

Clinical Diagnosis

• Doctors can diagnose genital herpes based on visual examination of lesions, analysis of reported symptoms, and patient history.

Laboratory Tests

• To confirm the diagnosis, doctors may request additional laboratory tests:

• Sample collection from lesions to analyze for the presence of herpes simplex virus type 1 or type 2.

• Blood tests to determine if there is a presence of herpes antibodies or other sexually transmitted infections.

• Regular testing for sexually transmitted infections is important for early detection, appropriate treatment, and prevention of complications. It is recommended at least once a year or when changing partners before initiating sexual activity.

Treatment Options for Genital Herpes

This section discusses available treatments for genital herpes that focus on managing symptoms and reducing outbreak frequency.

• While there is no cure for genital herpes, several antiviral medications can help alleviate symptoms and reduce outbreak severity and duration.

• Oral antiviral medications like Acyclovir, Valacyclovir, and Famciclovir are commonly prescribed.

• These medications should be taken under medical supervision, as the dosage and duration depend on symptom intensity and outbreak severity.

• Antiviral medications help speed up lesion healing, reduce symptom severity, and decrease the risk of transmission to sexual partners.

• For recurrent genital herpes, doctors may recommend suppressive therapy to prevent outbreaks or reduce their frequency, intensity, and duration.

• It is important to learn to recognize prodromal symptoms (such as burning sensation or tingling) before lesions appear for prompt treatment.

The transcript provided does not cover all aspects of genital herpes. It is recommended to consult a healthcare professional for comprehensive information and personalized advice.

Identifying Symptoms and Treatment for Genital Herpes

In this section, the speaker discusses the importance of identifying prodromal symptoms and initiating timely treatment for genital herpes. They emphasize the need to consult with a healthcare professional for proper guidance. The speaker also mentions that with appropriate management, individuals can lead a normal life without complications.

Preventing Genital Herpes

• Using condoms consistently during sexual activity is crucial in reducing the risk of contracting sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including genital herpes. Condoms act as a barrier between the skin and bodily fluids, decreasing transmission risk.

• It's important to note that while condoms are effective in reducing transmission risk, they are not 100% foolproof. There may still be areas of the skin that are not protected by condoms, increasing the possibility of transmission.

Additional Prevention Measures

• If either you or your partner have visible lesions, it is advisable to avoid sexual intercourse during these periods. Sharing objects contaminated with fluid from vesicles also increases the risk of transmission.

• It is important to refrain from sexual activity during the prodromal period when symptoms start appearing but before lesions appear. Even when there are no visible symptoms, there is still a risk of transmission.

• Individuals with oral cold sores should avoid oral sex as these can be transmitted to the genital area.

Seeking Clarification and Further Information

The speaker encourages viewers to leave their questions about genital herpes in the comments section for a future video where they will address the most frequent and interesting inquiries. They also invite viewers to like the video if they found the information useful and subscribe to their channel for upcoming videos on topics such as human papillomavirus (HPV), its symptoms, diagnosis, transmission, vaccination, and other related subjects like vaginal candidiasis.

Conclusion

In this concluding section, the speaker wraps up the video by expressing hope that viewers found the information valuable. They encourage viewers to like and subscribe to their channel for future informative videos on various topics related to sexual health.

Condom Effectiveness

The speaker briefly mentions that male condoms are one of the most commonly used contraceptive methods with an effectiveness rate ranging from 85% to 95%. However, it is essential to use them correctly for optimal protection against STIs.

Closing Remarks

The speaker signs off by thanking viewers for watching and expresses excitement about sharing more interesting videos in the coming days. They mention upcoming content on HPV, including symptoms, diagnosis, transmission, vaccination, as well as discussions on vaginal candidiasis.