How does a hydrogen fuel cell work? (AKIO TV)

Introduction to Hydrogen Fuel Cells

In this section, the speaker introduces hydrogen gas (H2) as a fuel source and explains its potential as a clean energy option. The concept of using hydrogen fuel cells to power machines and vehicles is also introduced.

How Hydrogen Fuel Cells Work

• A fuel cell is used to convert hydrogen and oxygen into electricity.

• A schematic drawing of a hydrogen fuel cell is shown, with an anode on the left side and a cathode on the right side.

• Inside the fuel cell, there is a catalyst and an electrolyte between the anode and cathode.

• When the system is turned on, hydrogen in the anode wants to react with oxygen in the cathode to form water.

• However, the electrolyte prevents neutral hydrogen atoms from passing through it.

• The catalyst splits off electrons from protons in the hydrogen atoms, allowing protons to pass through the electrolyte.

• To complete the reaction, electrons are transported via a wire, creating an electric current that can be used as power.

• The combination of protons meeting with oxygen forms water as waste product.

Drawbacks of Fuel Cells

• Fuel cells can get hot during operation and require proper cooling to prevent damage.

• Fuel cells are expensive, primarily due to the cost of the catalyst used in the process.

Conclusion

Hydrogen fuel cells offer a clean and efficient way to generate electricity by utilizing hydrogen and oxygen. The process involves a catalyst, an electrolyte, and the transportation of electrons to create an electric current. However, fuel cells have drawbacks such as heat generation and high costs associated with catalyst usage.