Comunicação e Expressão - UN2 - Vídeo 04

Introduction to Socio-Cultural Aspects of Speech and Writing

Overview of Text Construction

• The discussion focuses on socio-cultural aspects of speech and writing, emphasizing the construction of text.

• Key elements in textual production include planning or outlining before writing, which is essential for effective communication.

Essential Elements in Textual Production

• Important characteristics for constructing a text are cohesion, coherence, intertextuality, denotation, connotation, and figures of speech.

• The choice between figurative language (figures of speech) and literal language (denotative language) depends on the writer's objectives.

Types and Genres of Text

Understanding Text Types

• Four main types of texts are identified: narration, description, dissertation, and injunctive texts.

Exploring Text Genres

• Various genres exist in daily life; examples include opinion articles, autobiographies, fairy tales, resumes, diaries, editorials, interviews, fables, science fiction stories, lectures, jokes, and comic strips.

• While text types are more specific categories (narration vs. description), genres encompass a broader range based on context.

Characteristics of Oral Genres

Examples of Oral Genres

• Group discussions involve participants sharing opinions based on arguments about a topic; this is considered an oral genre.

• Oral presentations can occur individually or in groups within corporate or academic settings; they often require prior research.

Specific Oral Formats

• Seminars are common in educational environments where students present academic work; evaluation criteria include content organization and presentation skills.

• Interviews can be spontaneous or structured with pre-formulated questions; they serve as another form of oral genre.

Characteristics of Written Genres

Narrative Structures

• Narrative texts can be subdivided into various forms such as novels, short stories (contos), chronicles (crônicas), fables (fábulas), and parables (parábolas).

Understanding Different Text Types

Informative and Instructional Texts

• The transcript discusses the concept of "informative texts," which provide detailed information about events or characters.

• It introduces "injunctive texts," which are instructional in nature, commonly found in medicine leaflets, manuals, and product guides.

• Injunctive texts aim to instruct readers on how to perform specific tasks, such as following a recipe.

Dissertations: Argumentative vs. Expository

• The text explains that dissertations can be either argumentative or expository, with both types being frequently required in entrance exams like vestibulares and ENEM.

• To "dissert" means to discuss a topic by either presenting information or arguing a point; the approach depends on the assignment's requirements.