03 10 Principios del Sistema Nacional de Contratación Pública

Bienvenida y Presentación de la Capacitación

Introducción a la Capacitación

• La capacitación se centra en los principios del sistema nacional de contratación pública, con el ingeniero Luis Conde como tutor.

• Se busca aclarar dudas sobre los cambios recientes en la Ley Orgánica del Sistema Nacional de Contratación Pública.

Cambios en los Principios de Contratación Pública

Evolución de los Principios

• Originalmente había 10 principios; tras reformas, se redujeron a 7 y actualmente hay 12 principios vigentes desde octubre de 2025.

• Se abordarán las diferencias entre los principios establecidos por CERCOP y aquellos del Código Orgánico Administrativo (COA).

Definición y Objetivos de los Principios

Importancia de los Principios

• Los principios guían procesos de contratación pública para garantizar transparencia, eficiencia, justicia y equidad.

• Desde su creación en 2008, estos principios son fundamentales para todas las contrataciones públicas sin excepciones.

Detalle de los 12 Principios Actuales

Listado de Principios

• Los 12 principios incluyen: legalidad, trato justo, participación nacional, seguridad jurídica, concurrencia, igualdad, sostenibilidad, simplicidad, transparencia, integridad del resultado y mejor valor por dinero.

• Se explicará cómo algunos principios están relacionados o diferenciados entre sí durante la capacitación.

Primer Principio: Legalidad

Fundamentos del Principio

• El principio de legalidad establece que todas las acciones deben estar fundamentadas en leyes vigentes; es esencial para el estado de derecho.

• Ejemplos incluyen el uso correcto de modelos documentales según lo estipulado por la ley para evitar vulneraciones al principio.

Segundo Principio: Trato Justo

Garantías del Trato Justo

• Este principio asegura oportunidades equitativas para todos los participantes sin discriminación ni favoritismos. Incluye pilares como igualdad de condiciones y prohibición de privilegios.

• Busca proteger derechos tanto de proveedores como asegurar un uso eficiente de recursos públicos durante el proceso selectivo.

Tercer Principio: Participación Nacional

Fomento a la Economía Local

• Prioriza bienes y servicios ecuatorianos en procesos públicos para dinamizar la economía local e incentivar producción nacional sobre importada.

• Incluye incentivos específicos para microempresas y actores locales dentro del catálogo dinámico inclusivo promovido por CERCOP.

Cuarto Principio: Seguridad Jurídica

Estabilidad Normativa

• Asegura que todos los procesos sigan reglas claras antes del inicio; no se pueden cambiar normas a mitad del proceso contractual.

• Permite que oferentes conozcan consecuencias jurídicas claras ante incumplimientos contractuales.

Obligations of Contracting Entities

Importance of Adhering to Published Terms

• Once the terms are published, contracting entities must adhere to them without future modifications, ensuring compliance with established guidelines.

• If an entity deviates from these terms, stakeholders can report the issue for review and potential corrective action.

Legal Foundations and Motivations

• The principle of legal motivation is outlined in the Código Orgánico Administrativo, requiring all documents to be well-founded and justified.

• A document must include three components: normative basis, factual context, and legal relationship to be considered properly motivated.

Relationship Between Legal Security and Legality

Compliance with Legal Framework

• The principle of legal security is closely tied to legality; actions must align with constitutional laws and relevant codes (COA, COIP).

• Regular verification of current regulations is crucial for proper conduct in contracting processes.

Principle of Concurrence in Contracting

Fostering Competitive Participation

• The principle encourages participation from multiple suppliers to generate competitive offers that benefit both technical and economic conditions.

• Effective concurrence requires publicizing opportunities on official platforms; some entities enhance visibility through social media outreach.

Avoiding Discrimination

• To ensure fairness, general conditions should not impose technical requirements that favor specific groups or limit supplier participation.

Transparency as a Pillar of Concurrence

Clear Processes for All Stakeholders

• Transparency ensures that all processes are clear and auditable; information should be accessible for public scrutiny.

• Exceptions exist only for national security-related contracts; otherwise, transparency is mandatory across all procurement activities.

Equality in Supplier Opportunities

Non-discriminatory Practices

• The equality principle guarantees equal treatment for all suppliers during selection processes without favoritism or discrimination.

• Entities must design inclusive bidding documents that promote broad participation while avoiding unfair advantages.

Sustainability in Public Procurement

Integrating Environmental Considerations

• The sustainability principle aligns Ecuadorian practices with international standards by incorporating environmental criteria into procurement decisions.

Three Pillars of Sustainability:

1. Environmental: Focus on minimizing ecological impact throughout product life cycles.

• Example: Adoption of electric vehicles to reduce carbon footprints.

2. Social: Promote fair labor conditions and inclusivity across demographics including gender and age groups.

• Example: Dynamic catalog initiatives targeting micro-enterprises.

3. Economic: Encourage local development by prioritizing long-term value over short-term cost savings in procurement decisions.

• Emphasis on supporting small businesses rather than solely seeking the lowest price.

Simplification in Contracting Processes

Streamlining Procedures

• Simplification aims to make contracting more efficient by reducing unnecessary complexities and promoting technology use.

Key Changes:

1. Transition from paper-based registration processes to online systems facilitating easier supplier registration.

2. Implementation of electronic submissions via MFCI software reduces paperwork burdens significantly.

3. Introduction of electronic signatures has modernized documentation handling since their adoption post-2016.

Transparency as a Fundamental Principle

Ensuring Open Access to Information

• Transparency mandates that all relevant information regarding contracting processes be publicly accessible, fostering trust among stakeholders.

Essential Aspects:

1. Open procedures ensure fairness in decision-making while timely communication keeps interested parties informed about outcomes.

2. Good practices include publishing contract details not just on official portals but also through institutional websites and social media channels for wider reach.

Importance of Transparency in Public Procurement

Enhancing Supplier Participation

• Emphasizes the need for transparency in public procurement processes to inform more suppliers about ongoing contracts.

• Highlights that evaluation criteria must be clear and objective, ensuring suppliers understand how they will be assessed.

Clarity in Contractual Rules

• Stresses the importance of precise and understandable contractual terms to encourage supplier participation without confusion.

• Mentions oversight by control entities like the Contraloría and Procuraduría, which audit contracts for compliance and accountability.

Accountability Measures

• Advocates for making all procurement information publicly available to enhance scrutiny and trust in the process.

• Suggests that increased visibility of procurement processes facilitates easier participation from potential suppliers.

Fighting Corruption through Fair Practices

Promoting Equity and Trust

• Discusses how transparency combats corruption, promotes fair treatment, and builds trust within public contracting sectors.

• Argues that a competitive environment with multiple options allows entities to select the best candidates for their needs.

Principle of Integrity in Procurement

• Introduces integrity as a core principle requiring honesty, transparency, and adherence to legal standards throughout all stages of contracting.

Legal Framework Governing Public Officials

Adherence to Established Norms

• States that public officials must operate within existing laws, including constitutional provisions and internal regulations relevant to their institutions.

Ethical Standards in Conduct

• Describes integrity as foundational to ethical behavior in public procurement, emphasizing commitment over personal gain or interests.

Avoiding Conflicts of Interest

Ensuring Honesty Among Participants

• Both public officials and suppliers are urged to act with integrity, avoiding any conflicts of interest during procurement processes.

Transparency Requirements

• All decisions made during procurement should be justified clearly and made visible to ensure accountability.

Understanding Results-Oriented Principles

Distinction Between Integrity and Results

• Clarifies that while integrity focuses on ethical conduct, results-oriented principles assess whether contracts fulfill their intended purposes effectively.

Evaluating Contract Effectiveness

• The results principle shifts focus from mere compliance with procedures towards achieving actual benefits from contracted services or goods.

Importance of Post-contract Evaluation

• Encourages entities to evaluate if contracted services met their needs post-completion rather than moving directly onto new contracts without assessment.

Achieving Value for Money in Contracts

Definition of Value for Money Principle

• This principle emphasizes obtaining optimal combinations of quality, cost, and sustainability when fulfilling public sector needs.

Long-term Considerations

• Highlights that value for money is not just about low prices but also considers long-term efficiency, durability, social impact, etc., across the product lifecycle.

Sustainability Integration

• Discusses how sustainability practices align with value-for-money principles by evaluating total costs beyond initial purchase prices.

Cápsula Informativa sobre Principios del CERCOP

Resumen de la Cápsula Informativa

• La cápsula informativa se centra en los principios establecidos por el CERCOP, con énfasis en los artículos 10 y 11 que abordan la integridad y los resultados. Se espera que esta información aclare dudas comunes entre los participantes.

Preguntas y Respuestas

• Se inicia la sección de preguntas del webinar, donde se revisan las consultas realizadas a través del chat de Zoom. Esto marca el cierre de la cápsula informativa.

Normativa Secundaria

• Se confirma que la normativa secundaria ya no está vigente, lo cual ha generado varias consultas entre los participantes. Esta normativa ha sido derogada.

Proceso de Transición

• El CERCOP está en un proceso de transición para mejorar herramientas conforme a lo establecido en la ley y reglamento, buscando simplificar trámites dentro de procesos de contratación.

Verificación del BAE (Valor Agregado Ecuatoriano)

• La verificación del BAE ahora se encuentra regulada bajo el artículo 51 del reglamento, donde anteriormente era un principio separado pero ahora está integrado al concepto general de participación nacional.

Declaraciones Falsas

• Es crucial verificar las declaraciones sobre el BAE durante la etapa de convalidación para evitar problemas futuros relacionados con contratos adjudicados basados en información falsa o incorrecta. Se recomienda revisar artículos 77 y 78 sobre inhabilidades relacionadas con este tema.

Catálogo Electrónico y Sostenibilidad

• En el catálogo electrónico se mantendrá preferencia por productos nacionales incluso si hay proveedores únicos importados; esto busca fomentar una mayor concurrencia en las contrataciones públicas. Además, se están considerando criterios ambientales para productos incluidos en catálogos dinámicos inclusivos.

Plazos para Resoluciones

• Los proveedores tienen tres días para presentar reclamos tras recibir notificaciones; si no hay reclamos dentro de ese plazo, las entidades pueden continuar con sus procesos sin inconvenientes legales posteriores.

Interoperabilidad con el SRI

• Se trabaja en mejorar la interoperabilidad con el SRI para validar actividades registradas por proveedores al incluir códigos CPC necesarios para participar en licitaciones públicas, facilitando así su inclusión inmediata sin demoras previas como ocurría antes.

Planificación ante Emergencias

• Las instituciones deben tener planes contingentes establecidos ante emergencias; esto incluye prever situaciones recurrentes como inundaciones o deslizamientos y considerar cómo aplicar principios como valor por dinero durante estos eventos críticos.

Análisis del Mejor Valor por Dinero

• Al realizar adquisiciones específicas como cámaras de vigilancia, es importante evaluar factores como calidad, durabilidad e impacto ambiental al seleccionar proveedores; esto asegura que no solo se considere el costo sino también otros beneficios sociales y ambientales asociados a la compra.

Discussion on Contract Administration and Payment Issues

Importance of Sustainability in Contracts

• The topic of sustainability is introduced as a critical aspect to consider in contract management, particularly regarding financial analysis.

Handling Payment Agreement Breaches

• If the contracting institution fails to meet payment agreements with the provider, it may justify suspending services until compliance is achieved. This raises questions about contractual obligations.

Unilateral Suspension Consequences

• It is emphasized that only the entity can unilaterally suspend a contract process; if the contractor does so, it risks unilateral termination of the contract. Clear communication with the administrator is crucial in such cases.

Role of Contract Administrator

• Engaging with the contract administrator is recommended for resolving payment disputes, as they are responsible for ensuring proper contract execution and can facilitate mediation if necessary.

Designation and Responsibilities of Contract Administrators

Mandatory Appointment of Public Officials

• It is stated that public officials must serve as contract administrators, appointed by higher authorities based on their qualifications to manage contracts effectively.

Organizational Structure Impacting Roles

• The ability to appoint a contract administrator depends on an institution's organizational structure; smaller entities may have limited personnel available for these roles. This flexibility allows various individuals within small teams to take on multiple responsibilities throughout different phases of contracting processes.

Objections and Qualifications in Contract Management

Raising Objections Post-Designation

• Individuals can raise objections against their designation as a contract administrator within three days if they believe they lack the necessary qualifications; however, this objection must be well-motivated.

Transparency in Bidding Processes

Open Participation for Complaints

• Any individual can file complaints regarding potential non-compliance during bidding processes without restrictions, promoting transparency and accountability within procurement practices. This ensures that all stakeholders can verify adherence to regulations and standards.

Conclusion and Future Engagement Opportunities

Webinar Wrap-Up and Resources

• The session concludes with gratitude towards participants for their engagement, encouraging them to review upcoming webinars scheduled for March and access previous sessions via CCOPG B capacita on YouTube for further learning opportunities. Participants are invited to join future discussions focused on technical specifications design later that day at 2 PM.