Biomoléculas orgánicas e inorgánicas: función biológica - @BiologíayEcología

Biomolecules: An Overview

Introduction to Biomolecules

• The discussion begins with an introduction to biomolecules, defined as substances or compounds resulting from the combination of bioelements that form living beings.

• Two main types of biomolecules are identified: inorganic and organic.

Types of Biomolecules

Inorganic Biomolecules

• Inorganic biomolecules lack a carbon skeleton and can be found in both living organisms and inert matter.

Organic Biomolecules

• Organic biomolecules are exclusive to living matter, characterized by a carbon skeleton bonded primarily with oxygen and hydrogen, but may also include nitrogen and sulfur.

Categories of Organic Biomolecules

Carbohydrates

• Carbohydrates, also known as sugars, are water-soluble and serve the primary function of providing immediate energy for cellular functions.

Lipids

• Lipids (fats) perform various roles including energy storage, thermal insulation, and protection for joints and nerve fibers.

Proteins

• Proteins have diverse functions such as structural support, catalyzing reactions (enzymes), acting as hormones, antibodies, reserves for amino acids, aiding in blood coagulation, and muscle contraction.

Nucleic Acids

• The role of nucleic acids is to produce proteins within cells and transmit genetic information.

Inorganic Molecules Explained

Water

• Water is highlighted as the most abundant inorganic compound on Earth, constituting three-fourths of the planet's surface. It regulates environmental temperature as well as that of living organisms while participating in photosynthesis.

Minerals & Gases