14. El Balance de Situación a final de año

Generating Year-End Balance Sheet

Initial Balance Overview

• The discussion begins with the need to create a year-end balance sheet based on the initial balance. This process is essential for understanding the financial position at the end of the first year and setting up for the second year.

Non-Current Assets Analysis

• The speaker emphasizes that reviewing the income statement from the first year does not provide information about new purchases, such as machinery or computers. Thus, if no investments were made, asset values remain unchanged.

• However, it is crucial to consider depreciation; even without new investments, accumulated depreciation will reduce asset values by a specific amount (e.g., 10).

Current Assets and Realizable Accounts

• A new category called "realizable" appears in current assets after one year, representing amounts owed by customers to the company. Initially, this was non-existent due to a lack of clients.

• By December 31st, there are outstanding debts from customers related to sales made over three months (October to December), totaling 50 million that have yet to be collected. This reflects typical payment terms where clients pay within 90 days.

Inventory Assessment

• To determine inventory levels at year-end, an actual count must be conducted since no prior data indicates how much stock remains available. This involves physically checking what is left in storage.

• The available cash or liquid assets also require confirmation from treasury records rather than relying solely on income statements for accuracy regarding cash flow status.

Reserves and Liabilities Consideration

• The speaker notes that profits generated (20 million) will remain within the company as reserves instead of being distributed as dividends, indicating a reinvestment strategy for growth or stability purposes.